scholarly journals A State-of-the-Practice Review on Amplification of Earthquake Ground Motion Resulting from Surface Topographic Effects

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Guk Sun ◽  
Kiho Bang ◽  
Wanjei Cho
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Topographic Effects ◽  
Practice Review

Centrifuge Studies of Topographic Effects: Dynamic Response Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Dafni ◽  
Joseph Wartman
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Centrifuge Modeling ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Topographic Effects ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Geotechnical Centrifuge ◽  
Frequency Domains ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Zone Of Influence

ABSTRACT This article presents analyses of select experiments from a comprehensive geotechnical centrifuge program to investigate topographic effects in single-sided slopes. A unique benefit of centrifuge modeling is that it provides high-resolution measurements of a thoroughly characterized “site” while fully preserving physical processes. The analyses were performed in the time and time–frequency domains to investigate mechanisms that produced the topographic effects. The results indicate that resonance at the slope’s topographic frequency is the principal driver of topographic effects. Site and topographic effects may combine at a slope crest to produce high levels of overall amplification. When topographic amplification occurs, the topographic zone of influence will vary depending on the ground-motion wavelength and the influence of phasing when multiple frequency components are present in the ground motion. Ground-motion complexities such as phase differences in response between a slope and the adjacent free field may serve to either amplify or de-amplify earthquake ground motion near a slope.

scholarly journals Seismic rocking effects on a mine tower under induced and natural earthquakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Adam Bońkowski ◽  
Juliusz Kuś ◽  
Zbigniew Zembaty
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Action ◽  
Seismic Effects ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Rotational Components ◽  
Natural Earthquakes

AbstractRecent research in engineering seismology demonstrated that in addition to three translational seismic excitations along x, y and z axes, one should also consider rotational components about these axes when calculating design seismic loads for structures. The objective of this paper is to present the results of a seismic response numerical analysis of a mine tower (also called in the literature a headframe or a pit frame). These structures are used in deep mining on the ground surface to hoist output (e.g. copper ore or coal). The mine towers belong to the tall, slender structures, for which rocking excitations may be important. In the numerical example, a typical steel headframe 64 m high is analysed under two records of simultaneous rocking and horizontal seismic action of an induced mine shock and a natural earthquake. As a result, a complicated interaction of rocking seismic effects with horizontal excitations is observed. The contribution of the rocking component may sometimes reduce the overall seismic response, but in most cases, it substantially increases the seismic response of the analysed headframe. It is concluded that in the analysed case of the 64 m mining tower, the seismic response, including the rocking ground motion effects, may increase up to 31% (for natural earthquake ground motion) or even up to 135% (for mining-induced, rockburst seismic effects). This means that not only in the case of the design of very tall buildings or industrial chimneys but also for specific yet very common structures like mine towers, including the rotational seismic effects may play an important role.

Influences of subsurface geological structure neighboring geological repository on earthquake motion of the site

2009 ◽  
Vol 1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taishi Oouchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Tsuchi ◽  
Tetsuya Ota ◽  
Koji Hane ◽  
Toru Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Velocity Structure ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Motion ◽  
Earthquake Resistant Design ◽  
Geological Repository ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
Structural Boundary

AbstractAccording to recent seismic observation records, there are some cases where unexpectedly large seismic motion was observed deep underground and that was larger than at the surface. The factors influencing such phenomena are assumed to be deep geological structures with topographic irregularity, velocity structure and non-linearity of subsurface layers. These factors should be taken into account in the earthquake-resistant design of a geological repository. The influence of a deep underground geological structure with topographic irregularity on ground motion has been studied and it has been confirmed that such a structure have a significant impact on ground motion and the constructive interference of waves may result in strong earthquake ground motion in the vicinity of a structural boundary deep underground.

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