scholarly journals White Pepper Extract (Piper nigrum L.) as Antibacterial Agent for Streptococcus mutans In Vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Yona One Sidarta
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
White Pepper

Potential Fatty Acid as Antibacterial Agent against Oral Bacteria of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis from Basil (Ocimum americanum): In vitro and in silico studies.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yetty Herdiyati ◽  
Yonada Astrid ◽  
Aldina Amalia Nur Shadrina ◽  
Ika Wiani ◽  
Mieke Hemiawati Satari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Bacterial Cell Wall ◽  
Ocimum Americanum

Background: Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis are Gram-positive bacteria that cause dental caries. The MurA enzyme is a catalyst in the formation of peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall making it ideal as an antibacterial target. Basil (Ocimum americanum) is an edible plant medicine that diverse, very widely spreading, used as herbal for a long time, and it was reported to have pharmacology effect as antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study is to identify antibacterial compounds from O. americanum and analyze their inhibition activity to the MurA enzyme. Methods: Fresh leaves from O. americanum extracted with n-hexane and purified by a combination of column chromatography on normal and reverse phase together with guided by in vitro bioactivity assay against S. mutans ATCC 25175 and S. sanguinis ATCC 10556, respectively, while in silico molecular docking simulation of lauric acid (1) using PyRx 0.8. Results: The structure determination of antibacterial compound by spectroscopic methods resulted in an active compound 1 as lauric acid. The in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity compound 1 showed the MIC and MBC of 78.13 & 156.3 ppm and 1250 & 2500 ppm against S. sanguinis and in S. mutans, respectively. Further analysis in silico evaluation as MurA Enzyme inhibitor, lauric acid (1) has a binding affinity of -5.2 Kcal/mol those higher than fosfomycin. Conclusion: The lauric acid has potency as a new natural antibacterial agent through the MurA inhibition in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Properties of Piper nigrum Linn. (White Pepper) Seed Extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Saravanan ◽  
M Sheik Noor Mohamed ◽  
K. Jaikumar ◽  
D. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
White Pepper ◽  
Significant Stimulation ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Pepper Seed

Macrophages are tissue-based phagocytes that play the central role in initiating defence mechanism of host immunity. Macrophage expresses inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) that inhibit pathogen replication by releasing a variety of effector molecules which includes nitric oxide (NO). In the present study ethanol extract of Piper nigrum Linn. (white pepper) seed was investigated for its cytotoxicity and in vitro immunomodulatory properties using cell proliferation and NO determination assay with J774a-1, macrophage cell line. The ethanol seed extract was found to exhibit toxicity at higher concentrations of 50?g/ml and 100?g/ml. The seed preparation was observed to enhance both, the proliferation of macrophage cell with higher percentage proliferation of 29.24 at 12.5?g/ml and the production of NO with significant stimulation level of 47.74% at 12.5?g/ml compared to the control. Since the results show the modulator effect of Piper nigrum Linn. seed on macrophage cells, it could be considered to possess immunomodulatory potential.

Reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading: The effects of sealant agents and the taper of conical connections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arda Ozdiler ◽  
suleyman dayan ◽  
Burc Gencel ◽  
Gulbahar Isık-Ozkol
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silicone Sealant ◽  
Reverse Torque ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

This in vitro study evaluated the influence of taper angles on the internal conical connections of implant systems and of the application of chlorhexidine gel as an antibacterial agent or a polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) sealant on the reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading. The current study tested four implant systems with different taper angles (5.4°, 12°, 45°, and 60°). Specimens were divided into three groups: control (neither chlorhexidine gel filled nor silicone sealed), 2% chlorhexidine gel-filled or silicone-sealed group, and group subjected to a dynamic load of 50 N at 1 Hz for 500,000 cycles prior to reverse torque measurements. Quantitative positive correlation was observed between the taper angle degree and the percentage of tightening torque loss. However, this correlation was significant only for the 60° connection groups except in the group in which a sealant was applied ( p = 0.013 for the control group, p = 0.007 for the chlorhexidine group). Percentages of decrease in the torque values of the specimens with silicone sealant application were significantly higher compared with both the control and chlorhexidine groups ( p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001, and p = 0.002, respectively, according to the increasing taper angles); the percentage of decrease in torque values due to chlorhexidine application was statistically insignificant when compared with the control group. The application of gel-form chlorhexidine as an antibacterial agent does not significantly affect the stability of the implant–abutment connection under dynamic loads. PVS sealants may cause screw loosening under functional loads.

Repurposing of auranofin against bacterial infections: An In silico and In vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Sharma ◽  
Arti Singh ◽  
Ruchika Sharma ◽  
Anoop Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Molecular Docking Study

Aim: The aim of the study was to find out the role of auranofin as a promising broad spectrum antibacterial agent. Methods: In-vitro assays (Percentage growth retardation, Bacterial growth kinetics, Biofilm formation assay) and In-silico study (Molegro virtual docker (MVD) version 6.0 and Molecular operating environment (MOE) version 2008.10 software). Results: The in vitro assays have shown that auranofin has good antibacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains. Further, auranofin has shown synergistic activity in combination with ampicillin against S. aureus and B. subtilis whereas in combination with neomycin has just shown additive effect against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and B. pumilus. In vivo results have revealed that auranofin alone and in combination with standard drugs significantly decreased the bioburden in zebrafish infection model as compared to control. The molecular docking study have shown good interaction of auranofin with penicillin binding protein (2Y2M), topoisomerase (3TTZ), UDP-3-O-[3- hydroxymyristoyl] N-acetylglucosaminedeacetylase (3UHM), cell adhesion protein (4QRK), β-lactamase (5CTN) and arylsulphatase (1HDH) enzyme as that of reference ligand which indicate multimodal mechanism of action of auranofin. Finally, MTT assay has shown non-cytotoxic effect of auranofin. Conclusion: In conclusion, auranofin in combination with existing antibiotics could be developed as a broad spectrum antibacterial agent; however, further studies are required to confirm its safety and efficacy. This study provides possibility of use of auranofin apart from its established therapeutic indication in combination with existing antibiotics to tackle the problem of resistance.

Manufacturing Process for Extracting Essential Oils from White Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) by Hydrodistillation Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thien Hien Tran ◽  
Thi To Quyen Ngo ◽  
Thi Kim Ngan Tran ◽  
Tri Duc Lam ◽  
Tan Phat Dao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
White Pepper ◽  
Oil Performance

Vietnam is the world's leading country in growing and producing pepper trees. In this study, we attempted the optimization of white pepper essential oil extraction. The obtained oil was then subject to determination of constituent composition via GC-MS method. The essential oil performance achieved 3.6% by hydro-distillation process with optimal conditions (25 grams of fresh pepper, size 18, 120 minutes extraction, 130°C). A total of 23 volatile constituents were identified from the white pepper essential oil, with the major components being 27.4% of Limonene, 3-Carene 22,928%, Sabinene 17,622%, β-pinene 10.068%, α-Pinene 5.426%.

scholarly journals Viable and Heat-Killed Probiotic Strains Improve Oral Immunity by Elevating the IgA Concentration in the Oral Mucosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yang Lin ◽  
Yi-Wei Kuo ◽  
Ching-Wei Chen ◽  
Yu-Fen Huang ◽  
Chen-Hung Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
The Body ◽  
Effective Dosage ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Oral Tablet ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Oral Pathogens

AbstractOral-nasal mucosal immunity plays a crucial role in protecting the body against bacterial and viral invasion. Safe probiotic products have been used to enhance human immunity and oral health. In this study, we verified the beneficial effects of mixed viable probiotic tablets, consisting of Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius AP-32, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CP-9, and Lactobacillus paracasei ET-66, and heat-killed probiotic tablets, consisting of L. salivarius subsp. salicinius AP-32 and L. paracasei ET-66, on oral immunity among 45 healthy participants. Participants were randomly divided into viable probiotic, heat-killed probiotic, and placebo groups. The administration of treatment lasted for 4 weeks. Saliva samples were collected at Weeks 0, 2, 4, and 6, and Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus mutans populations and IgA concentration were measured. IgA concentrations, levels of TGF-beta and IL-10 in PBMCs cells were quantified by ELISA method. Results showed that salivary IgA levels were significantly increased on administration of both the viable (119.30 ± 12.63%, ***P < 0.001) and heat-killed (116.78 ± 12.28%, ***P < 0.001) probiotics for 4 weeks. Among three probiotic strains, AP-32 would effectively increase the levels of TGF-beta and IL-10 in PBMCs. The oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans was significantly reduced on viable probiotic tablet administration (49.60 ± 31.01%, ***P < 0.001). The in vitro antibacterial test confirmed that viable probiotics effectively limited the survival rate of oral pathogens. Thus, this clinical pilot study demonstrated that oral probiotic tablets both in viable form or heat-killed form could exert beneficial effects on oral immunity via IL-10, TGB-beta mediated IgA secretion. The effective dosage of viable probiotic content in the oral tablet was 109 CFUs/g and the heat-killed oral tablet was 1 × 1010 cells/g.

scholarly journals Merging the Multi-Target Effects of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula in Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
Juthamart Maneenet ◽  
Orawan Monthakantirat ◽  
Supawadee Daodee ◽  
Chantana Boonyarat ◽  
Yutthana Chotritthirong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Herbal Formula ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating psychiatric disease characterized by persistent low mood, lack of energy, hypoactivity, anhedonia, decreased libido, and impaired cognitive and social functions. However, the multifactorial etiology of MDD remains largely unknown due the complex interaction between genetics and environment involved. Kleeb Bua Daeng (KBD) is a Thai traditional herbal formula that has been used to promote brain health. It consists of a 1:1:1 ratio of the aerial part of Centella asiatica, Piper nigrum fruit, and the petals of Nelumbo nucifera. According to the pharmacological activities of the individual medicinal plants, KBD has good potential as a treatment for MDD. The present study investigated the antidepressant activity of KBD in an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mouse model. Daily administration of KBD to UCMS mice ameliorated both anhedonia, by increasing 2% sucrose intake, and hopeless behavior, by reducing immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) without any effect on locomotor activity. The mechanism of KBD activity was multi-modal. KBD promoted neurogenesis by upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cyclic AMP-responsive element binding (CREB) mRNA expression in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Daily treatment with KBD significantly reversed UCMS-induced HPA axis dysregulation by upregulating the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) while downregulating serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) and FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) mRNA expression. KBD treatment also normalized proinflammatory cytokine expression including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. KBD and its component extracts also exhibited an inhibitory effect in vitro on monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. The multiple antidepressant actions of KBD emphasize its potential as an effective, novel treatment for MDD.

Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Piperine in Piper nigrum (Black and White Pepper)

1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth M Weaver ◽  
Michael E Neale ◽  
Ann Laneville
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Chromatographic System ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
White Pepper ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Method ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A method was developed for the detection and quantitation of piperine in Piper nigrum. A reverse-phase liquid chromatographic system equipped with a C18 column with detection at 340 nm was used. A rapid 1 h acetone extraction followed by solvent dilution was used to avoid sample cleanup. The detection limit is 3 ng injected piperine, with 97.5-100.5% recovery of added piperine.

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