4. The Philippine New Society 1972–1986: Transnational Advocacy and Human Rights Change

2011 ◽  
pp. 89-129
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Transnational Advocacy

Transnational Human Rights Networks: Significance and Challenges

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Peter Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Transnational Activism ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Advocacy Networks ◽  
Amnesty International ◽  
Transnational Advocacy Networks ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
New Type ◽  
Global Affairs

Transnational human rights networks refer to a form of cross-border collective action that seeks to promote compliance with universally accepted norms. Principled transnational activism began to draw sustained scholarly attention after the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 and the creation of a new type of information-driven and impartial transnational activism, embodied in organizations such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch. Scholarship on transnational human rights networks emerged during the 1990s within the subfield of International Relations and as a challenge to the state-centric and materialist bias of the field. In their 1998 book Activists beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics, Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink describe the key role that transnational human rights groups play in global affairs. Focusing on rights-based activism, Keck and Sikkink show how transnational advocacy networks (TANs) can influence domestic politics. The concept of TANs is dominated by the purposeful activism of nongovernmental organizations and driven by shared principles, not professional standards. A number of studies have challenged the core assumptions about the effectiveness of principled human rights activism, arguing that international support plays no significant role compared to the autonomous efforts of domestic activists. One way to overcome these challenges and criticisms is for the transnational activist sector, as well as other types of non-state actors, to move beyond the principles/interests dichotomy and take a closer look at the internal dynamics of participant NGOs.

scholarly journals The "Super-Network": Fostering Interaction Between Human Rights and Climate Change Institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Andrea Schapper
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
Institutional Interaction ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Transnational Advocacy Networks ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
Policy Fields ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement

This article contributes to understanding unique forms of actor constellations and their tactics in fostering institutional interaction. It explores interaction processes between the human rights and the climate regime, and more specifically, the incorporation of human rights in the 2015 Paris climate agreement. During the Paris negotiations, an inter-constituency alliance comprised of environmental movements, human rights organizations, gender activists, indigenous peoples’ representatives, trade unions, youth groups and faith-based organizations successfully lobbied for the incorporation of rights principles into the new climate instrument. I argue that this alliance can be grasped as a "super-network", a network above several individual transnational advocacy networks (TANs), that works across policy fields and uses information, symbols and stories, as well as accountability and leverage politics to foster interaction between a source institution (human rights regime) and a target institution (climate regime). By employing a package approach, which reiterates a core message of common principles individual networks have agreed on, the "super-network" changed the practices of governments in international negotiations and fostered inter-institutional interaction. Empirically, my research is mainly based on expert interviews and participatory observations at the strategic meetings of TANs at three different climate negotiations in Warsaw (2013), Paris (2015) and Bonn (2017), including follow-up skype interviews with key experts between 2013 and 2020.

Acting Globally

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Brysk
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Local Response ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Global Action

Chapter 3 chronicles the international repertoire that has grown to respond to gender violence. We will trace the growth, rationale, and mechanisms of the regime. Global standards and programs, regional organizations, foreign aid and diplomacy, and cross-cutting development and health linkages have raised consciousness, empowered advocacy, diffused law, fostered policy, and built capacity to contest violence. We will see how global action against gender violence has evolved from humanitarian protection to human rights to broad connections with multiple facets of human security and development. This chapter will track global institutions, foreign policy, and transnational advocacy—and plant the need for local response.

Human Rights and Transnational Advocacy Networks

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Murdie ◽  
Marc Polizzi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
Transnational Advocacy Networks ◽  
Advocacy Network ◽  
Political Networks ◽  
Human Rights Advocacy ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Future Work

Human rights advocates have been argued to be working as part of a larger “network” of actors supporting the respect and security of individuals. However, until recently, much scholarship in this area has used “network” as a synonym for “connected actors” instead of examining the network characteristics of advocacy actors and the ways in which the nature of the advocacy network could influence human rights outcomes. This chapter examines the growing literature that focuses on human rights advocacy using network theory and methodologies. It outlines both global and local data collection efforts and the state of the literature and addresses how this literature has drawn on the larger political networks literature. It concludes with a call for future work on how the network characteristics of advocacy actors influences both which human rights issues receive international attention and whether this attention translates into improvements in human rights practices on the ground.

Dueling incentives

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dara Kay Cohen ◽  
Amelia Hoover Green
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Advocacy Organizations ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Human Rights Advocacy ◽  
Information Politics ◽  
Policy Agendas

Transnational advocacy organizations are influential actors in the international politics of human rights. While political scientists have described several methods these groups use – particularly a set of strategies termed ‘information politics’ – scholars have yet to consider the effects of these tactics beyond their immediate impact on public awareness, policy agendas or the behavior of state actors. This article investigates the information politics surrounding sexual violence during Liberia’s civil war. We show that two frequently-cited ‘facts’ about rape in Liberia are inaccurate, and consider how this conventional wisdom gained acceptance. Drawing on the Liberian case and findings from sociology and economics, we develop a theoretical framework that treats inaccurate claims as an effect of ‘dueling incentives’ – the conflict between advocacy organizations’ needs for short-term drama and long-term credibility. From this theoretical framework, we generate hypotheses regarding the effects of information politics on (1) short-term changes in funding for human rights advocacy organizations, (2) short-term changes in human rights outcomes, (3) the institutional health of humanitarian and human rights organizations, and (4) long-run outcomes for the ostensible beneficiaries of such organizations. We conclude by outlining a research agenda in this area, emphasizing the importance of empirical research on information politics in the human rights realm, and particularly its effects on the lives of aid recipients.

scholarly journals Amnesty International dan Penghapusan Hukuman Mati di Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-257
Author(s):  
Yanti Kristina Sianturi ◽  
Irza Khurun'in
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
Death Row ◽  
Amnesty International ◽  
Death Row Inmates ◽  
International Human

Malaysia is a country where the death penalty is still present and frequently practiced. It is due to different understandings of the death penalty itself. The absence of the Malaysian government in various international human rights treaties also increases unfair trials on death row inmates. The high number of death row inmates in Malaysia represents a severe human rights violation. The abolition of the death penalty is one of the current global human rights agendas. It goes against the right to live regulated by various international human rights instruments, such as the ICCPR (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) and the Declaration of Human Rights. One of the INGOs actively advocating the abolition of the death penalty in Malaysia is Amnesty International. This study looks at Amnesty International’s transnational advocacy tactics in encouraging the death penalty abolition in Malaysia from 2015 to 2018. The method used is descriptive research by collecting primary and secondary data and using transnational advocacy networks by Keck and Sikkink. The results of this research show that the efforts used by Amnesty International in this advocacy include information politics, symbolic politics, leverage politics, and accountability politics.

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