scholarly journals Relevance of cognitive and lower extremity function and gender differences in the community-dwelling elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
HIRONORI OHSUGI ◽  
SHIN MURATA ◽  
ATSUKO KUBO ◽  
MIZUKI HACHIYA ◽  
AYA HIRAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
And Gender

Prospective associations between white matter hyperintensities and lower extremity function

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (15) ◽  
pp. e1291-e1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Young Moon ◽  
Philipe de Souto Barreto ◽  
Yves Rolland ◽  
Marie Chupin ◽  
Ali Bouyahia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Slow Progression

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) with decline in lower extremity function (LEF) over approximately 3 years in dementia-free older adults with memory complaints.MethodsWe obtained brain MRI data from 458 community-dwelling adults, aged 70 years or over, at baseline, and from 358 adults over an average follow-up of 963 days. We evaluated LEF using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). We related baseline WMH volumes and progression to SPPB scores over time, using mixed-effect linear regressions. For the secondary analyses, we categorized baseline WMH volume into quartiles, and dichotomized the WMH progression to compare fast and slow progression.ResultsBaseline WMH volume (β = −0.017, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.025 to −0.009), as well as WMH progression (β = −0.002, 95% CI −0.003 to −0.001), significantly associated with a decline in SPPB performance in adjusted analyses. Compared with the lowest quartile of baseline WMH volume, the highest quartile associated with a decline in SPPB performance (β = −0.301, 95% CI −0.558 to −0.044). Fast progression also associated with a decline in SPPB performance. We found clinically meaningful differences in the SPPB, with higher scores in participants with slow progression of WMH, at both 24 and 36 months.ConclusionsBaseline level and WMH progression associated with longitudinal decline in SPPB performance among older adults. We detected clinically meaningful differences in SPPB performance on comparing fast with slow progression of WMH, suggesting that speed of WMH progression is an important determinant of LEF during aging.

scholarly journals Plasma Ceramides and Risk of Impaired Lower-Extremity Function in Older Adults: A Nested Case–Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Félix Caballero ◽  
Ellen A Struijk ◽  
Antonio Buño ◽  
Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo ◽  
Esther Lopez-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Higher levels of ceramides have been linked to several chronic diseases; also there is emerging cross-sectional evidence that ceramides are associated with lower physical functioning. This research assessed for the first time the prospective relationship between ceramide species and impaired lower-extremity function (ILEF) in older adults. Methods Case–control study with 43 cases of ILEF and 86 age- and sex-matched controls, which was nested in the Seniors-ENRICA cohort of community-dwelling older adults. Incident ILEF from 2015 to 2017 was ascertained with the Short Physical Performance Battery. In 2015, 27 ceramide species were measured in plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression models were used to assess the longitudinal relationship between ceramides concentration and incidence of ILEF. Results After adjusting for education level, body mass index, alcohol and total energy intake, physical activity, and presence of chronic conditions, some ceramide species were related to 2-year incidence of ILEF. Specifically, the odds ratios of ILEF per 1-SD increase in ceramide concentration were: 1.66 [95% CI = (1.03, 2.68)] for ceramide C14:0, 1.61 (1.00, 2.59) for ceramide C16:0, and 1.64 (1.03, 2.60) for ceramide C16:1 (n-7). In the case of ceramides C16:0 and C16:1 (n-7), a stronger relationship was found in those with a higher body mass index; systolic blood pressure could also mediate the relationship between ceramide C16:1 (n-7) and ILEF (p for interaction = .03). Conclusions Higher plasma levels of ceramides C14:0, C16:0, and C16:1 (n-7) are associated with higher risk of ILEF, and might serve as risk markers for functional decline in older adults.

Gender Differences in Trajectories of Lower Extremity Function in Older Adults: Findings From the International Mobility in Aging Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1199-1205.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Ahmed ◽  
Simon D. French ◽  
Emmanuelle Belanger ◽  
Ricardo Oliveira Guerra ◽  
Maria Victoria Zunzunegui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Aging Study

scholarly journals An Examination of Lower Extremity Function and Its Correlates in Older African American and White Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivio J. Clay, PhD ◽  
Roland J. Thorpe, Jr., PhD ◽  
Larrell L. Wilkinson, PhD ◽  
Eric P. Plaisance, PhD ◽  
Michael Crowe, PhD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
African American Men ◽  
White Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Extremity Function

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Maintaining functional status and reducing/eliminating health disparities in late life are key priorities. Older African Americans have been found to have worse lower extremity functioning than Whites, but little is known about potential differences in correlates between African American and White men. The goal of this investigation was to examine measures that could explain this racial difference and to identify race-specific correlates of lower extremity function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were analyzed for a sample of community-dwelling men. Linear regres­sion models examined demographics, medical conditions, health behaviors, and perceived discrimination and mental health as correlates of an objective measure of lower extremity function, the Short Physi­cal Performance Battery (SPPB). Scores on the SPPB have a potential range of 0 to 12 with higher scores corresponding to better functioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of all men was 74.9 years (SD=6.5), and the sample was 50% African American and 53% rural. African American men had scores on the SPPB that were significantly lower than White men after adjusting for age, rural residence, marital status, education, and income dif­ficulty (<em>P</em>&lt;.01). Racial differences in cognitive functioning accounted for approximately 41% of the race effect on physical function. Additional models stratified by race revealed a pattern of similar correlates of the SPPB among African American and White men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this investigation can be helpful for researchers and clinicians to aid in identifying older men who are at-risk for poor lower extremity function and in planning targeted interventions to help reduce disparities. <em>Ethn Dis.</em>2015;25(3):271- 278.</p>

scholarly journals Association between patient-reported functional measures and incident falls

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanfen Yip ◽  
Lixia Ge ◽  
Bee Hoon Heng ◽  
Woan Shin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Function Domain

AbstractLower extremity muscle strength, and functional limitations are important modifiable predictors of falls, but are often examined using performance based measures. We examined the association between self-reported physical function limitations, determined using Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument(LLFDI) and incident falls in community-dwelling elderly individuals. 283 older adults participants were included in this analysis. Physical function limitations were defined as a person’s difficulty in completing items of the lower extremity function domain and composite scores of the LLFDI. Information on falls was obtained through a standardised questionnaire. At one-year follow-up, 15.2% (43) of the participants experienced their first fall. In the multivariable analysis, individuals who reported difficulties in items of lower extremity function domain were more likely to experience a fall (incidence rate ratio[IRR]: ranging between 2.43 and 7.01; all P ≤ 0.046). In addition, decreasing advanced lower extremity function scores (IRR: 1.70, 95% confidence interval[CI]): 1.04, 2.78) and overall function component score (IRR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.22, 3.44) were associated with higher risk of incident falls. Physical function limitations, determined using LLFDI, were associated with incident falls. Our findings provide further evidence that the LLFDI function component has the potential to be used as a self-assessment tool for fall risk.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Cognitive Decline and Sedentary Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
Lorraine Phillips ◽  
Mary Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Extremity Function

Abstract Early identification of functional decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) provides the opportunity to initiate behavioral interventions to slow decline. More frequent breaks in sedentary time has been associated with greater lower extremity function. This longitudinal study examined the effect of 6-month change in cognitive function on monthly sedentary time, controlling for lower extremity function, among community-dwelling older adults with MCI. Twenty adults with Montreal Cognitive Assessment Score (MoCA) between 19-25, who were age ≥ 60 years old, and ambulatory, wore an actigraph for 6 months and participated in monthly in-person assessments. Measures included MoCA change (baseline to month 6), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB; baseline, months 3 and 6); sedentary time and physical activity intensity; and falls (monthly). The sample was 70% female, 60% non-Hispanic white, with a mean age of 77 years. Sixteen participants provided complete data for mixed-model analysis. Over 6 months, 11 falls occurred among 7 participants. The mean MoCA score declined from 22.7 to 21.9 while SPPB remained stable. Overall time spent in sedentary behavior was high (71%) and physical activity intensity was low (light and moderate combined= 26.1%). Results of multi-level analysis with sedentary time as a continuous Level-1 variable and MoCA change scores, SPPB scores, and age in Level-2 showed that negative change in MoCA (β=-0.11; p≤0.05) was associated with increased sedentary time. Given sedentary time increases as cognitive function declines, older adults with MCI could benefit from interventions designed to interrupt sedentary time as well as increase physical activity.

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