scholarly journals LITTORAL DRIFT FORMATION OF SPITS AND TOMBOLOS

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
M. G. Sauvage ◽  
M. G. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Practical Interest ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Wave Steepness ◽  
Littoral Drift ◽  
Wave Characteristics ◽  
Basic Ideas

This paper, entirely devoted to the study of phenomena connected with the evolution of sand banks, is introduced by a rapid survey of a few basic ideas about littoral drift; we point out the fundamental role of wave currents and more particularly of the currents caused by breaking waves. We have attempted to determine the influence on littoral drift of such factors as: the wave characteristics, the wave steepness, the inclination of the wave crests breaking onto the beach, the nature of the beach material. The few experimental results given need to be completed and then compared with figures resulting from observations in nature; it is unfortunate that these latter are difficult and expensive to obtain. After these general remarks on littoral drift, we consider a few aspects of the-development of sand banks such as the birth and evolution of littoral spits and tombolos, both of which are littoral formations presenting an obvious practical interest for the engineer responsible for the construction of ports on sandy coasts.

Transport and fluctuations in nonlinear-dissipative systems: role of interparticle collisions

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 31-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Katilius ◽  
A. Matulionis ◽  
R. Raguotis ◽  
I. Matulionienė
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Carrier Density ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Dissipative Systems ◽  
Doped Semiconductors ◽  
Electron Diffusion ◽  
Electron Collisions ◽  
Electric Noise ◽  
Diffusion Phenomena

The goal of the paper is to overview contemporary theoretical and experimental research of the microwave electric noise and fluctuations of hot carriers in semiconductors, revealing sensitivity of the noise spectra to non-linearity in the applied electric field strength and, especially, in the carrier density. During the last years, investigation of electronic noise and electron diffusion phenomena in doped semiconductors was in a rapid progress. By combining analytic and Monte Carlo methods as well as the available experimental results on noise, it became possible to obtain the electron diffusion coefficients in the range of electric fields where inter-electron collisions are important and Price’s relation is not necessarily valid. Correspondingly, a special attention to the role of inter-electron collisions and of the non-linearity in the carrier density while shaping electric noise and diffusion phenomena in the non-equilibrium states will be paid. The basic and up-to-date information will be presented on methods and advances in this contemporary field - the field in which methods of non-linear analytic and computational analysis are indispensable while seeking coherent understanding and interpretation of experimental results.

To the clinic of infected ulcers of the stomach and duodenum

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-523
Author(s):  
S. A. Grosman ◽  
M. M. Brailovsky
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
French School

We will not touch the controversial question of the role of infection in the genesis of ulcers and will adopt the point of view of the French school (Duval, Roux, Montier, Girault), for which the concept of an infected ulcer is only a concept of a pathological-anatomical and clinical nature, related to the concept of the evolution of an already existing ulcer, depending on its secondary infection. This evolution of the ulcer, in the presence of a new ingredient of infection, creates some peculiarities in its clinical manifestation,-peculiarities which, in suitable cases, can and must be taken into account both in the choice of time and in the choice of method of surgical intervention. Thus, the question under consideration by us has not only theoretical character, but, as we will try to state below, acquires also a certain practical interest.

Distribution of Wave Impact Forces From Breaking and Non-Breaking Waves

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Fullerton ◽  
Thomas C. Fu ◽  
Edward S. Ammeen
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Total Force ◽  
Impact Loads ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wave Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range

Impact loads from waves on vessels and coastal structures are highly complex and may involve wave breaking, making these changes difficult to estimate numerically or empirically. Results from previous experiments have shown a wide range of forces and pressures measured from breaking and non-breaking waves, with no clear trend between wave characteristics and the localized forces and pressures that they generate. In 2008, a canonical breaking wave impact data set was obtained at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, by measuring the distribution of impact pressures of incident non-breaking and breaking waves on one face of a cube. The effects of wave height, wavelength, face orientation, face angle, and submergence depth were investigated. A limited number of runs were made at low forward speeds, ranging from about 0.5 to 2 knots (0.26 to 1.03 m/s). The measurement cube was outfitted with a removable instrumented plate measuring 1 ft2 (0.09 m2), and the wave heights tested ranged from 8–14 inches (20.3 to 35.6 cm). The instrumented plate had 9 slam panels of varying sizes made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and 11 pressure gages; this data was collected at 5 kHz to capture the dynamic response of the gages and panels and fully resolve the shapes of the impacts. A Kistler gage was used to measure the total force averaged over the cube face. A bottom mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) was used to obtain measurements of velocity through the water column to provide incoming velocity boundary conditions. A Light Detecting and Ranging (LiDAR) system was also used above the basin to obtain a surface mapping of the free surface over a distance of approximately 15 feet (4.6 m). Additional point measurements of the free surface were made using acoustic distance sensors. Standard and high-speed video cameras were used to capture a qualitative assessment of the impacts. Impact loads on the plate tend to increase with wave height, as well as with plate inclination toward incoming waves. Further trends of the pressures and forces with wave characteristics, cube orientation, draft and face angle are investigated and presented in this paper, and are also compared with previous test results.

Role of Ce2Zr3O10 Phase on the Microstructure and Fracture Toughness of ZTA Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Akmar Rejab ◽  
Zhwan Dilshad Ibrahim Sktani ◽  
Afifah Mohd Ali ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Transformation Toughening ◽  
Simple Route ◽  
Zirconia Toughened Alumina

Despite the impressive development in understanding transformation toughening, tailoring the toughness of zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramics remained a major challenge. In our research, a simple route based on the powders mixing process of ZTA powders with varying CeO2 additions (0 - 10 wt.%) is developed to investigate this issue. The experimental results clearly reveal that the fracture toughness of ZTA ceramics can be tailored by mixing of ZTA starting powders.

scholarly journals Libet’s experiments and the problem of free will

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Andrea Berber
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Readiness Potential ◽  
Real Effect

The purpose of this paper is to give an answer to the question of the extent to which Libet?s experiments are helping to solve the problem of free will. Relevance of Libet?s experimental results for the problem of free will is contested by the multitude of complaints. These complaints can be divided into three categories: methodological objections, conceptual objections and complaints regarding the interpretation of the role of readiness potential. I am trying to show that only objections that belong to the last group have a real effect. I conclude that Libet?s experiments while providing significant incentives and suggestions for further research did not contribute to solving the problem of free will.

scholarly journals COMPARISON BETWEEN THE RESULTS OF LITTORAL-DRIFT COMPUTATIONS AND CUBATURE OF DEPOSITS IN A DREDGED CHANNEL

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
V.F. Motta ◽  
J.V. Bandeira
Keyword(s):  
Time Interval ◽  
Littoral Drift ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Wave Characteristics ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Annual Volume ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Remarkable Agreement

The total annual volume of littoral drift on either side of the mouth of Sergipe estuary, in the Northeast of Brazil, has been de_ termined by applying Caldwell's, Castanho's and Bijker's methods to the wave characteristics that had been recorded at a twenty-metre depth of water, over a whole year, for the design of an offshore oil terminal. The three computation methods yielded the same order of maj> nitude which was found to amount to about 80000Om^/year. The dominant drift is s outhwes tward, and its predicted amount is 660000m-*/year. It was also found that although the three methods lead to total re suits of the same order of magnitude, they do not agree as to the vari^ ation of littoral drift over the year for the s ame waves. An eight-metre deep shipping channe 1 has been dredgedaccross the bar. The channel was surveyed in December 1971, August and Decem ber 1972, and a cubature of the deposits was made after the littoraldrift computations had been carried out. As the latter had been per formed on a monthly basis, a comparison became possible between pre dieted and actual volumes of deposits for the same lengths of time. The predicted volumes for the whole year were found to be from 34 to 46% greater than the actual results. However, for the time interval August-December 1972 a remarkable agreement was found be^ tween predicted and actual results.

Analysis of the local communities focused around improving the quality of urban space on the example of activities in public spaces and cultural activities in Bytom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Widzisz-Pronobis ◽  
◽  
Grzegorz Pronobis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Local Community ◽  
City Life ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
Good Investment ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
The City

Bytom is a polish, post-industrial city which is looking for a new vision of the future. City dwellers are between a history related to coal and new challenges. It is not easy for them to understand that industry is a thing of the past and you need to look for yourself and your identity again. Groups of social leaders are trying to show a different picture of the city and engage more and more people to act for the city. Building the city's identity and new image are basic ideas. However, in the era of global discussion about climate change and the technologization of city life, it becomes important to become aware of the role of greenery and community. In the article I want to show how Bytom social activists promote and animate the local community in the spirit of collectivism and improving the quality of life in the city. The assumption of the described groups was the maximum involvement of residents in activities to improve the space in Bytom. In the article I want to show what tools they used and what effects they obtained. Particularly important here are activities that contribute to making the community aware of the role of greenery and pedestrian space. The effects of social activities show more clearly how important are strong communities opposing local authorities and supporting good investment decisions. Analysis of the activities of social groups showed how important local leaders play and how various methods and tools used by them gave measurable effects in the city space. The bottom-up activity helped to understand the advantages of a pedestrian city, which is Bytom, and to show how little it takes for the city to gain a new image.

The semantic role of the wh-element and subject position in Spanish and Catalan

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aria Adli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Semantic Role ◽  
The Subject

AbstractThis work presents experimental results on the position of the subject in

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