scholarly journals WAVE EFFECTS ON STORM SURGE IN A SMALL TWO-INLET BAY

2020 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Mara M.Orescanin ◽  
Thomas Chris Massey ◽  
Matt Reffitt ◽  
Britt Raubenheimer ◽  
Steve Elgar
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Wave Flow ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Tidal Inlets ◽  
Hurricane Irene ◽  
Wave Effects

Storm surge resulting from oceanic extreme events, commonly tropical cyclones, is a major contributor to coastal flooding and property damage. Thus, there is significant investment in accurate predictions. However, forecasts of storm surge often are focused on regional scales, and are unable to resolve complex nearshore bathymetry and small tidal inlets (Yin et al. 2016) that can be critical to local surge magnitudes and timing. Here, model simulations with a regional wave-flow coupled model (NACCS), a high bathymetric resolution uncoupled flow model (ADCIRC), and a high resolution coupled model (CSTORM) are compared with observations of storm surge during Hurricane Irene (Atlantic Storm 09, 2011) within Katama Bay, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/hKdA2zYWI2Y

Wave Effects on the Storm Surge Simulation: A Case Study of Typhoon Khanun

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuchun Lai ◽  
◽  
Luying Liu ◽  
Haijiang Liu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Wave Effects ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Wave Induced ◽  
Surge Height

To study wave effects on storm surge, a depth-averaged 2D numerical model based on the Delft3D-FLOW model was utilized to simulate near-shore hydrodynamic responses to Typhoon Khanun. The Delft3D-WAVE model is coupled dynamically with the FLOW model and the enhanced vertical mixing, mass flux and wave set-up were considered as wave-current interaction in the coupled model. After verifying storm surge wind and pressure formulae of storm surge and optimizing calibration parameters, three numerical tests with different control variables were conducted. Model tests show that wave effects must be considered in numerical simulation. Simulating the flow-wave coupled model showed that wave-induced surge height could be as large as 0.4 m in near-shore areas for Typhoon Khanun. Comparing to its contribution to the peak surge height, wave-induced surge plays a more significant role to total surge height with respect to the time-averaged surge height in storm events. Wave-induced surge (wave setup) is in advance of typhoon propagation and becomes significant even before the typhoon landfall. Model tests demonstrate that the wave effects are driven predominantly by the storm wave, while the boundary wave contribution is rather limited.

scholarly journals VULNERABILITY TO COASTAL FLOODING INDUCED BY TROPICAL CYCLONES

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregorio Posada-Vanegas ◽  
Gerardo Durán-Valdez ◽  
Rodolfo Silva-Casarin ◽  
Maria Elena Maya-Magaña ◽  
Jose Antonio Salinas-Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Flooding Hazard ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
2D Numerical Model

Hurricanes are a recurrent feature on Mexican coasts; they create floods whose economic and social damages are evident. The necessity to evaluate the natural hazard related to storm surge is fundamental to reduce risk in coastal areas. In order to generate flooding hazard maps, storm surge associated to different return periods is computed with a 2D numerical model. The first part of this work is related with the data and numerical models used to calculate the storm surge, the second part contain the results obtained with the simulations. This work has been done for the entire Mexican coastline but only results for the Gulf of Mexico are presented

scholarly journals Coastal Forecasts and Storm Surge Predictions for Tropical Cyclones: A Timely Partnership Program

Oceanography ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Graber ◽  
Vincent Cardone ◽  
Robert Jensen ◽  
Donald Slinn ◽  
Scott Hagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Partnership Program

Passing Ship Effects in Non-Uniform Water Depth

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilan Zhou ◽  
Ji Yang ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Jiangtao Qin
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Potential Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Flow Theory ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Wave Flow ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Theory Method ◽  
Potential Flow Theory

Waves generated by passing ships have potential adverse impacts on the environment (beach erosion, ecological disturbance, structures damage) and other waterway users (navigations, moored ships) in the coastal and sheltered areas. But issues related to waves of ships were addressed rarely in China until now. Accurate prediction of wash waves is the first step to control the washes from passing ships and it’s significant to reduce the effects of washes. A coupled method is used in this paper to simulate the washes and its effects caused by the passing ship. A potential flow theory method is adopted as the stationary wave generation model; a non-hydrostatic wave flow model is used as the wave propagation model; a time domain method is chosen as the model for simulating the forces and moments of mooring ship. The waves calculated by a potential flow theory method in the near field are used as the input for the non-hydrostatic wave-flow model to obtain the far field waves. A time-domain representation of the wave-cut at the location of the passing vessel is transformed to the frequency-domain and is used as the input for the diffraction computations. Parts of the calculated results are validated experimentally, satisfactory agreement is demonstrated.

On the use of synthetic tropical cyclones and hypothetical events for storm surge assessment under climate change

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 431-459
Author(s):  
Pablo Ruiz-Salcines ◽  
Christian M. Appendini ◽  
Paulo Salles ◽  
Wilmer Rey ◽  
Jonathan L. Vigh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Storm Surge

scholarly journals Advancing global storm surge modelling using the new ERA5 climate reanalysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1007-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Job C. M. Dullaart ◽  
Sanne Muis ◽  
Nadia Bloemendaal ◽  
Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Global Climate Modelling ◽  
Surge Height

Abstract This study examines the implications of recent advances in global climate modelling for simulating storm surges. Following the ERA-Interim (0.75° × 0.75°) global climate reanalysis, in 2018 the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts released its successor, the ERA5 (0.25° × 0.25°) reanalysis. Using the Global Tide and Surge Model, we analyse eight historical storm surge events driven by tropical—and extra-tropical cyclones. For these events we extract wind fields from the two reanalysis datasets and compare these against satellite-based wind field observations from the Advanced SCATterometer. The root mean squared errors in tropical cyclone wind speed reduce by 58% in ERA5, compared to ERA-Interim, indicating that the mean sea-level pressure and corresponding strong 10-m winds in tropical cyclones greatly improved from ERA-Interim to ERA5. For four of the eight historical events we validate the modelled storm surge heights with tide gauge observations. For Hurricane Irma, the modelled surge height increases from 0.88 m with ERA-Interim to 2.68 m with ERA5, compared to an observed surge height of 2.64 m. We also examine how future advances in climate modelling can potentially further improve global storm surge modelling by comparing the results for ERA-Interim and ERA5 against the operational Integrated Forecasting System (0.125° × 0.125°). We find that a further increase in model resolution results in a better representation of the wind fields and associated storm surges, especially for small size tropical cyclones. Overall, our results show that recent advances in global climate modelling have the potential to increase the accuracy of early-warning systems and coastal flood hazard assessments at the global scale.

scholarly journals The role of mesoscale eddies time and length scales on phytoplankton production

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pérez-Muñuzuri ◽  
F. Huhn
Keyword(s):  
Flow Model ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Phytoplankton Production ◽  
Correlated Noise ◽  
Length Scales ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
The North ◽  
Qualitative Interaction

Abstract. Horizontal mixing has been found to play a crucial role in the development of spatial plankton structures in the ocean. We study the influence of time and length scales of two different horizontal two-dimensional (2-D) flows on the growth of a single phytoplankton patch. To that end, we use a coupled model consisting of a standard three component ecological NPZ model and a flow model able to mimic the mesoscale structures observed in the ocean. Two hydrodynamic flow models are used: a flow based on Gaussian correlated noise, for which the Eulerian length and time scales can be easily controlled, and a multiscale velocity field derived from altimetry data in the North Atlantic ocean. We find the optimal time and length scales for the Gaussian flow model favouring the plankton spread. These results are used for an analysis of a more realistic altimetry flow. We discuss the findings in terms of the time scale of the NPZ model, the qualitative interaction of the flow with the reaction front and a Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent analysis.

scholarly journals High accuracy coastal flood mapping for Norway using LiDAR data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Breili ◽  
Matthew James Ross Simpson ◽  
Erlend Klokkervold ◽  
Oda Roaldsdotter Ravndal
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Elevation Data

Abstract. Using new high accuracy Light Detection and Ranging elevation data we generate coastal flooding maps for Norway. Thus far, we have mapped ~ 80 % of the coast, for which we currently have data of sufficient accuracy to perform our analysis. Although Norway is generally at low risk from sea-level rise largely owing to its steep topography, the maps presented here show that on local scales, many parts of the coast are potentially vulnerable to flooding. There is a considerable amount of infrastructure at risk along the relatively long and complicated coastline. Nationwide we identify a total area of 400 km2, 105,000 buildings, and 510 km of roads that are at risk of flooding from a 200 year storm-surge event at present. These numbers will increase to 610 km2, 137,000, and 1340 km with projected sea-level rise to 2090 (95th percentile of RCP8.5 as recommended in planning). We find that some of our results are likely biased high owing to erroneous mapping (at least for lower water levels close to the tidal datum which delineates the coastline). A comparison of control points from different terrain types indicates that the elevation model has a root mean square error of 0.26 m and is the largest source of uncertainty in our mapping method. The coastal flooding maps and associated statistics are freely available, and alongside the development of coastal climate services, will help communicate the risks of sea-level rise and storm surge to stakeholders. This will in turn aid coastal management and climate adaption work in Norway.

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