scholarly journals LARGE SCALE IMPACTS OF JETTIES AND TRAINING WALLS - EXPERIENCE ON THE AUSTRALIAN EAST COAST

2020 ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Angus Gordon ◽  
Lex Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Littoral Drift ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
And Training ◽  
Eastern Seaboard

Entrance jetties and training walls have instigated fundamental perturbations to coastal and estuary processes at several locations on the Australian eastern seaboard inducing long term changes to foreshore alignments, tidal current velocities, tidal plane elevations and marine ecologies with significant consequences, some having been realised only recently. This paper presents examples of long-term impacts of entrance jetties and training walls on coastal and estuary processes, gleaned from experience on the NSW coast. Jetties constructed at estuary entrances have the potential to alter fundamental coastal and estuary processes inducing changes that evidence indicates may take centuries to resolve. While many beneficial and adverse impacts of jetty construction have been known for many years, such as the improvements to navigation and flood mitigation from rainfall runoff and the interruption to littoral drift transport causing down-drift erosion, some impacts of jetties and training walls have not been well understood.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ARF55RPCPbA&feature=youtu.be

scholarly journals Dalkurd FF

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (supl) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Tiago Duarte Dias
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
First Year ◽  
Football Club ◽  
Local Institution ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The City ◽  
Do So

As the whole world struggles with the appearance of a large-scale pandemic, individuals and institutions begin to cope with the perspective of both short and long-term changes to their plans. What had been planned out by many during January and February of 2020, no longer became feasible already during the following months. Thus, with the impossibility of knowing for how long this situation will persist, both individuals and institutions have changed their plans with a focus on when the situation will reverse to a degree of normalcy. This article aims to briefly understand and analyses the strategies centered around a Swedish football club founded by Kurdish individuals regarded to the consequences of the coronavirus crisis in the country. Both fans and employees at the club have changed their strategies regarding the first year they would be playing in their new hometown of Uppsala. The author will argue that, although, the crisis has changed their strategy and hampered their plans of becoming a local institution, it has not, in fact, changed their plans to be an integrated part of the city, but it has provided the club with newer opportunities to do so.

scholarly journals Using data from large scale farming operations to understand the importance of feeding the ewe to improve whole farm performance

2013 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Stevens ◽  
G. Young
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Farm Performance ◽  
Using Data

The collection and use of data from large scale farming operations provided significant insights into drivers of sheep performance. These drivers included minimum two-tooth liveweight at tupping, ewe condition and pasture cover at lambing and the importance of weaning weight on whole farm performance. Using this data to demonstrate the influence of management decisions resulted in an increase in average lamb liveweight gain between birth and weaning of approximately 20 g/day in Landcorp Farming Ltd East Coast flocks over the 4 years of monitoring. Lambing percentage was harder to change, though individual farms increased lambing percentage by up to 35% by concentrating on increasing feed allocation and maintaining ewe body condition score during winter. Low liveweight in some two-tooth ewes was inversely related to the percentage of dries in a flock and prompted more emphasis on growing replacement stock. The programme shifted focus from short-term tactical feeding and management decisions to long-term strategies such as stock and sales policies that placed the breeding flock as the major priority. Keywords: breeding ewes, data, lambing percentage, lambs, liveweight gain, whole flock analysis.

scholarly journals Hospitals and the Covid19 pandemic: challenges and opportunities for transformation

ANALES RANM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 137 (137(03)) ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
Julio Mayol Martínez
Keyword(s):  
High Complexity ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Scheduled Care ◽  
And Training ◽  
Made In

Short, medium and long term changes made in hospitals for delivery of care, teaching and training, and research during the crisis arising from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic are analyzed. The transformation has implications both for patients with covid19 and for patients free of the disease but who require urgent, semi-urgent or scheduled care for medium or high complexity conditions.

scholarly journals Global large-scale stratosphere-troposphere exchange in modern reanalyses

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander C. Boothe ◽  
Cameron R. Homeyer
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract. Stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) has important and significant impacts on the chemical and radiative properties of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. This study presents a 15-year climatology of global large-scale STE from four modern reanalyses: ERA-Interim, JRA-55, MERRA-2, and MERRA-1. STE is separated into four categories for analysis to identify the significance of known transport mechanisms: 1) vertical stratosphere-to-troposphere transport (STT), 2) vertical troposphere-to-stratosphere transport (TST), 3) lateral STT (that occurring between the tropics and the extratropics and across the tropopause "break"), and 4) lateral TST. In addition, this study employs a method to identify STE as that which crosses the lapse-rate tropopause (LRT), while most previous studies have used a potential vorticity (PV) isosurface as the troposphere-stratosphere boundary. PV-based and LRT based STE climatologies are compared using the same reanalysis output (ERA-Interim). The comparison reveals quantitative and qualitative differences, particularly in the geographic representation of TST in the polar regions. Based upon spatiotemporal integrations, we find STE to be STT-dominant in ERA-Interim and JRA-55 and TST-dominant in the MERRA reanalyses. Time series during the 15-year analysis period show long-term changes that are argued to correspond with changes in the Brewer-Dobson circulation.

Evolution of the east coast gas market

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Philip Byrne
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
The Us ◽  
Major Transition ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Gas Fields ◽  
Eastern Seaboard ◽  
Gas Supply ◽  
Australian Industry

This extended abstract reviews how the east coast gas market is managing the major transition from being a ring-fenced domestic market to being part of an interconnected global trading market, and what still needs to be done to rebalance after half a decade of disruption. The east coast gas market has a great future ahead of it, but only if Australia acts quickly to open up access to new gas supply sources as existing gas fields mature and decline. The presence of a global liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply market on the east coast now provides an incentive for gas producers to invest in new provinces and new plays at a scale the domestic gas market could not have supported on its own. This can only be good for competition in the east coast gas market over the medium to long term, and potentially open up enormous supplies for the growth of Australian industry, akin to the US shale gas revolution. To make the most of the resources and infrastructure we now have on the eastern seaboard, there is a role for governments to play in ensuring access to resources and providing stable, coordinated, robust energy policy and regulatory frameworks that attract investment in further growth in the gas sector, the benefits of which will flow on to Australian industry more generally.

Iraq's Burgeoning Judiciary: Current Issues and the Best Way Forward

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Charles Roberts
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Due Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
And Training

Following the United States takeover of Iraq in 2003, the Department of Justice released an assessment of Iraq’s fractured judiciary. Corruption, public distrust of the courts, and other roadblocks provided a bleak outlook on the rebuilding of the Iraqi judiciary. Nevertheless, recent large-scale judicial reforms have been moderately successful, including the separation of executive and judicial power, guarantee of due process, and efforts to protect the system from corruption, bribery, and political pressure. Now, during a period of relative stability, the Iraqi government must focus the improvement of the judiciary on four major areas: judicial independence, the debate between transparency and national security, the ability to prosecute high-ranking officials, issues with Kurdish autonomy, and international assistance and training. While each of these issues is deeply complex, this research asserts that there are six crucial improvements that will best enhance the Iraqi judiciary going forward. These improvements include increased courthouse rehabilitation to provide security for judges, a policy of erring on the side of transparency instead of worry over national security, a focus on promoting judges by merit instead of removing them through review, the rolling back of the ministerial protection law, a movement toward the election of judges instead of appointment, and an initiative to educate the Iraqi people and judiciary on the rich history of Iraqi law, as Iraq was the birthplace of codified law. If these improvements begin to be implemented now, they will ensure solid and sustainable growth of the Iraqi society and economy in the long-term.

scholarly journals Tracking Long-Term Changes in Global Sea Level Extremes

Eos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Global Sea Level

Large-scale climate change may drive trends in extreme sea level events.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Influences on the Evolution of Winter Subtropical Maritime Cyclones Affecting Australia’s East Coast

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (7) ◽  
pp. 2416-2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart A. Browning ◽  
Ian D. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Southern Annular Mode ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectory ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
Eastern Seaboard

Abstract Subtropical maritime low pressure systems frequently impact Australia’s eastern seaboard. Closed circulation lows in the Tasman Sea region are termed East Coast Cyclones (ECC); they can evolve in a range of climatic environments and have proven most destructive during the late autumn–winter period. Using criteria based on pressure gradients, inferred wind field, and duration, an objectively determined database of ECC occurrences is established to explore large-scale influences on ECC evolution. Subclassification based on evolutionary trajectory reveals two dominant storm types during late autumn–winter: easterly trough lows (ETL) and southern secondary lows (SSL). Synoptic composites are used to investigate the climatological evolution of each storm type. ETL cyclogenesis occurs along the eastern seaboard at the confluence of warm moist subtropical easterlies and cool air over the continent that is advected from higher latitudes. SSL develop when a cold extratropical cyclone moves equatorward and interacts with warm moist conditions in the Tasman Sea. At seasonal time scales, a complex interplay of tropical and extratropical influences contributes to high-frequency storm seasons. ETL are more frequent during neutral or positive phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, cool sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the tropical Indian Ocean, and neutral to positive southern annular mode phases. SSL are more frequent during years with warm SSTAs in the eastern Indian Ocean, warm SSTAs in the western Pacific, and high-latitude blocking.

Rocky Reefs Provide Foraging Habitat For Dugongs In The Darwin Region Of Northern Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
SD Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
Foraging Habitat ◽  
Mammalian Herbivores ◽  
Rocky Reefs ◽  
The Western Pacific

DUGONGS (Dugong dugon) are large mammalian herbivores found in tropical and sub-tropical waters from the east coast of Africa to Vanuatu in the western Pacific Ocean (Rice 1998). Foraging studies throughout their range indicate that their diet is dominated by seagrass (Marsh et al. 1982; Preen 1995; Preen and Marsh 1995; Anderson 1998; Das and Dey 1999). Aerial surveys (Marsh and Saalfeld, 1989; Preen et al. 1997), land-based and boat-based observations (Anderson 1982 1994; Aragones 1994) and satellite tracking data (Marsh and Rathbun 1990) indicate that dugong distribution is closely associated with seagrass beds. Algae is known to occur in food samples from dugongs (Heinsohn and Birch 1972; Marsh et al. 1982; Erftemeijer 1994; Preen 1995) but its presence in the diet has been described as incidental (Marsh et al. 1982) or linked to large-scale losses of seagrass (Spain and Heinsohn 1973; Marsh et al. 1982; Preen and Marsh 1995). This note contains opportunistic observations of long-term feeding by D. dugon on algal covered rocky reefs in the Darwin region of the Northern Territory.

scholarly journals HEADLAND DEFENSE OF COASTS

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Silvester
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Fixed Points ◽  
Equilibrium Shape ◽  
Rock Outcrop ◽  
Littoral Drift ◽  
Storm Waves ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
The Cost

Crenulate shaped bays are ubiquitous and constitute the largest proportion of coastline length. The characteristics of stable bays (i.e., no littoral drift) are known, so that realistic encroachment limits can be defined. Allowances for long term changes in direction of persistent swell and annual attack from multidirectional storm waves may have to be made. The exposure of a rock outcrop during an erosive sequence will create a new fixed point on the coast and hence a new bayed system. An existing non-stable bay can be prevented from indenting to its equilibrium shape by the construction of one or more fixed points around its periphery. Research should be conducted to minimise the cost of headlands which might start off as offshore breakwaters, even mobile units.

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