scholarly journals ANALYSIS ON PERFORMANCE OF THE EMERGENCY NOURISHMENT PROJECT AT WEST BEACH OF BEIDAIHE, CHINA

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxiong Yang ◽  
Jiabo Zhang ◽  
Cuiping Kuang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Lulu He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Beach Nourishment ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Profile Measurement ◽  
Beach Profile ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Conservation Projects ◽  
Large Scale Project

Beach erosion is prevalent on China’s 18,000 km-long coastline, which has been aggravating due to urban development, river-damming and soil and water conservation projects since late 1970s. Beach erosion threatens the health of beaches of bathing places throughout the world. An effective way to defense the beach erosion is beach nourishment. In this paper, the study on an experimental beach nourishment project, which was conducted to provide data and experience for a large-scale project, was detailed. Field survey was conducted to study the performance of the project. Before and after the project, 8 monitoring profiles had been kept measuring along with the berm positions. The beach profile measurement indicates that after a little retreat the beach got relatively equilibrium, while the berm measurement shown a broadened intertidal zone getting stable eventually. In a word, the filled beach was eroded a little but finally got relatively stable in the survey period.

scholarly journals BACTON SANDSCAPING - BUILDING WITH NATURE TO SAFEGUARD THE UK'S GAS SUPPLY AND HELP COMMUNITIES ADAPT TO COASTAL CHANGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Jaap Flikweert ◽  
Christine Adnitt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Beach Nourishment ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Coastal Change ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Building With Nature ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Gas Supply

The Bacton Sandscaping scheme is a large-scale beach nourishment, designed to protect the Bacton Gas Terminal from cliff and beach erosion while also reducing flood and erosion risk to the communities of Bacton and Walcott, buying the time they need for adaptation to coastal change. The scheme was inspired by the even larger Dutch Zandmotor project, translating the concept to the different geography and governance setting of the UK - it can be seen as the Zandmotor's 'little nephew'. The term 'Sandscaping' was introduced to illustrate the large-scale and ambitious nature of the concept: work at a large scale, designing to work with natural processes and to achieve multiple objectives.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/FA3DjdCgKrk

scholarly journals SHORELINE ROTATION CAUSED BY LARGE-SCALE EXCAVATION OF REEF FLAT ON SANUR BEACH IN BALI

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Endo ◽  
Akio Kobayashi ◽  
Takaaki Uda ◽  
Yasuhito Noshi ◽  
Susumu Onaka
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reef Flat ◽  
Beach Nourishment ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Bathymetric Survey ◽  
Shoreline Changes ◽  
S Model

In the southern part of Sanur Beach in Bali, beach erosion has occurred between groins after extensive beach nourishment, resulting in shoreline rotation between the groins. The cause of shoreline changes was investigated by field observations, including a bathymetric survey and the sampling of seabed materials, and numerical simulations of beach changes were carried out using Noshi et al.’s model. It was concluded that the shoreline rotation was triggered by the dredging of the reef flat, which caused a change in the wave direction on the reef flat due to the diffraction of waves.

Detecting evolution trends in the recorded runoffs from the major rivers in China during 1950–2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Q. Wang ◽  
X. L. Yan ◽  
J. Y. Zhang ◽  
C. S. Liu ◽  
J. L. Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Runoff Series ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Conservation Projects

Evolution trends as well as abrupt changes in recorded runoffs from the major rivers in China during 1950–2010 were investigated using the Mann–Kendall test and ordered clustering analysis. Results show that the recorded runoff series at ten key hydrometric stations on the major rivers in China are characterized by a general decreasing trend. A significant decrease has occurred at six stations: Yichang, Huayuankou, Guantai, Shixiali, Tieling and Haerbin stations, which are located on the northern major rivers. Abrupt changes in runoff series are detectable for the Yellow River (1986), the Hai River (1965 at Guantai station, 1970 at Shixiali station) and the Liao River (1965). The relationship between runoff and precipitation at these stations is different before and after the abrupt change. Intensive human activities, such as land use change, water conservation projects, water diversion projects and rapid increases in agricultural irrigation, are likely to be among the main causes of the abrupt changes in runoff. Effective strategies for water conservation and adaptation to climate change will be needed to ensure sustainable use of water resources and safeguard economic growth under China's 12th 5-year plan.

scholarly journals Planar Installation Characteristics of Crown Depth-Variable Artificial Coral Reef on Improving Coastal Resilience: A 3D Large-Scale Experiment

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1526
Author(s):  
Sunghoon Hong ◽  
Seungil Baek ◽  
Yeonjoong Kim ◽  
Jooyong Lee ◽  
Adi Prasetyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tracer Experiment ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Beach Profile ◽  
Submerged Breakwater ◽  
Coastal Resilience ◽  
Scale Experiment

Coastal resilience has received significant attention for managing beach erosion issues. We introduced flexible artificial coral reef (ACR) structures to diminish coastal erosion, but planar installation effects should be considered to evaluate the feasibility of coastline maintenance. In this study, we conducted a three-dimensional large-scale experiment to investigate the characteristics of planar installation of ACR, focusing on the wave mitigation performance, wave profile deformation with delay, nearshore current movement, deposition and erosion trends, and beach profile variation. We found that the ACR diminished the wave height by ~50% and the current intensity by ~60% compared with that of a conventional submerged breakwater made of dolos units. Using the dispersion velocity of the dye in a tracer experiment, the dispersion time of the ACR was approximately 1.67-times longer than that of the dolos and the current velocity was reduced, revealing that ACR significantly reduced structural erosion. With dolos, severe erosion of >10 cm occurred behind the structure, whereas there was only slight erosion with the ACR. Moreover, in a vertical beach-profile analysis, the ACR exhibited greater shoreline accretion than that of dolos. These results indicate the potential of ACR in improving coastal resilience.

The Effect of Active Site-inhibited Factor VIIa on Tissue Factor-initiated Coagulation Using Platelets before and after Aspirin Administration

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (04) ◽  
pp. 1202-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Kjalke ◽  
Julie A Oliver ◽  
Dougald M Monroe ◽  
Maureane Hoffman ◽  
Mirella Ezban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Factor Viia ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antithrombotic Agent ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ic50 Values

SummaryActive site-inactivated factor VIIa has potential as an antithrombotic agent. The effects of D-Phe-L-Phe-L-Arg-chloromethyl ketone-treated factor VIla (FFR-FVIIa) were evaluated in a cell-based system mimicking in vivo initiation of coagulation. FFR-FVIIa inhibited platelet activation (as measured by expression of P-selectin) and subsequent large-scale thrombin generation in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 1.4 ± 0.8 nM (n = 8) and 0.9 ± 0.7 nM (n = 7), respectively. Kd for factor VIIa binding to monocytes ki for FFR-FVIIa competing with factor VIIa were similar (11.4 ± 0.8 pM and 10.6 ± 1.1 pM, respectively), showing that FFR-FVIIa binds to tissue factor in the tenase complex with the same affinity as factor VIIa. Using platelets from volunteers before and after ingestion of aspirin (1.3 g), there were no significant differences in the IC50 values of FFR-FVIIa [after aspirin ingestion, the IC50 values were 1.7 ± 0.9 nM (n = 8) for P-selectin expression, p = 0.37, and 1.4 ± 1.3 nM (n = 7) for thrombin generation, p = 0.38]. This shows that aspirin treatment of platelets does not influence the inhibition of tissue factor-initiated coagulation by FFR-FVIIa, probably because thrombin activation of platelets is not entirely dependent upon expression of thromboxane A2.

BEACH EROSION ON OHARAI-ISOHAMA COAST AND BEACH STABILIZATION BY GROINS AND BEACH NOURISHMENT USING COARSE MATERIAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. I_901-I_906
Author(s):  
Takaaki UDA ◽  
Tomoki OTSUKA ◽  
Tetsuya AONO ◽  
Masumi SERIZAWA ◽  
Shiho MIYAHARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beach Nourishment ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Coarse Material

scholarly journals THU0642-HPR EVOLUTION OF THE PERCEPTIONS OF RA PATIENTS AFTER EDUCATION PATIENT SESSION TEACHING METHOTREXATE SELF-INJECTION A PROSPECTIVE PILOT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 566.1-566
Author(s):  
S. Afilal ◽  
H. Rkain ◽  
B. Berchane ◽  
J. Moulay Berkchi ◽  
S. Fellous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Median Duration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Education Session ◽  
Prospective Pilot Study ◽  
Mean Delay ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Before And After

Background:Methotrexate is a gold standard for treatment of RA. In our context, RA patients prefer to be injected by paramedics rather than self-injecting. This can be explained by patients’ bad perceptions of self-injection or lack of information. Appropriate self-injection education can therefore be an important element in overcoming these obstacles and improving disease self-management.Objectives:Compare the RA patients’ perceptions on methotrexate self-injection before and after a patient education session.Methods:Prospective pilot study that included 27 consecutive patients (81.5% female, mean age 44.4 years, illiteracy rate 40.7%) with RA (median duration of progression of 4 years, mean delay in referral for specialist of 6 months, median duration of methotrexate use of 1 year). The patients benefited from an individual patient education session to learn how to self-inject with methotrexate subcutaneously. The patient education session was supervised by a nurse and a rheumatologist with a control a week later. Perceptions of the reluctance to self-inject and the difficulties encountered by patients were assessed before the patient education session, after the 1st and 2nd self-injection of methotrexate using a 10 mm visual analog scale. Patients also reported their level of satisfaction (10 mm VAS) after the 1st and 2nd self-injection.Results:The mean duration of patient education session is 13 min.Table I compares the evolution of the degrees of reluctance to self-injection, the difficulties encountered, and the satisfaction experienced by the patients.Table 1.Evolution of RA patients’ perceptions on the methotrexate self-injection. (N = 27)BeforeAfter the 1stself-injectionAfter the 2end self-injectionpVAS reluctance (0-10mm)6,5 ± 3,62,2 ± 2,91,0 ± 2,3<0,0001VAS difficulty (0-10mm)7,5 ± 2,62,5 ± 2,71,0 ± 1,9<0,0001VAS satisfaction (0-10mm)-8,9 ± 1,89,5 ± 1,50,002Conclusion:This study suggests the effectiveness of a methotrexate self-injection patient education session in RA patients. It also highlights the value of patient education in rheumatologic care. A large-scale study is necessary to better interpret and complete these preliminary results from this pilot study.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Dynamic variations in salinity and potassium grade of a potassium-rich brine deposit in Lop Nor basin, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichun Ma ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Qingfeng Tang ◽  
Hui Yan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Underground Brine ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Mining History ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lop Nor

AbstractThe Quaternary Lop Nor playa is the largest production base of potassium sulfate in the world. It has a mining history of more than 10 years, and its share in the Chinese potassium sulfate market is about 50% to-date. In this basin, the high-salinity potassium-rich brines are mainly contained in Middle Pleistocene–Holocene glauberite strata. Based on the monitoring of the underground brine table and geochemical analysis, this study reveals variations in the underground brine table and potassium-bearing grade before and after large-scale mining in the Lop Nor potash deposit. The results showed that the underground brine table and potassium sulfate grade decreased by varying degrees over sub-mineral areas after large-scale mining. The underground brine table declined by 8.5 m, on average, in the Luobei depression, by 6.4 m in the Tenglong platform and by 1.9 m in the Xinqing platform. However, the potassium-bearing grade showed the different trend. The Tenglong platform had the largest decline with average decreases in layers W1, W2 and W3 of 18.2%, 13.0% and 24.8%, respectively. In the Xinqing platform, the average decrease in layersW2 and W3 were 17.4% and 16.0% respectively. The Luobei depression decreases were relatively small (W1, W2 and W3 decreased 4.3%, 4.2% and 3.1%, respectively). This research provides a theoretical basis for the rational development and sustainable use of the potassium-rich brines in the Lop Nor basin.

scholarly journals Species and characteristics of volatile organic compounds emitted from an auto-repair painting workshop

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Song ◽  
H. Chun
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Butyl Acetate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adsorption Systems

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are secondary pollutant precursors having adverse impacts on the environment and human health. Although VOC emissions, their sources, and impacts have been investigated, the focus has been on large-scale industrial sources or indoor environments; studies on relatively small-scale enterprises (e.g., auto-repair workshops) are lacking. Here, we performed field VOC measurements for an auto-repair painting facility in Korea and analyzed the characteristics of VOCs emitted from the main painting workshop (top coat). The total VOC concentration was 5069–8058 ppb, and 24–35 species were detected. The VOCs were mainly identified as butyl acetate, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene compounds. VOC characteristics differed depending on the paint type. Butyl acetate had the highest concentration in both water- and oil-based paints; however, its concentration and proportion were higher in the former (3256 ppb, 65.5%) than in the latter (2449 ppb, 31.1%). Comparing VOC concentration before and after passing through adsorption systems, concentrations of most VOCs were lower at the outlets than the inlets of the adsorption systems, but were found to be high at the outlets in some workshops. These results provide a theoretical basis for developing effective VOC control systems and managing VOC emissions from auto-repair painting workshops.

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