scholarly journals A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF THE BEAUFORT SEA

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiao-Kung Liu ◽  
Jan J. Leendertse
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
The Bering Sea

The Beaufort Sea borders the northern coasts of the United States and Canada. During the last decade, oil discovered at the Prudhoe Bay field contributes a substantial amount of the petroleum needs of the U.S. At present, it represents approximately 20 percent of the total domestic production. However, according to estimates made by the Department of the Interior, gas and oil lie under the Alaskan coastal waters (mainly in the Beaufort Sea) accounts for about 40 percent of the total domestic reserve. To assist government agencies in their assessment of offshore oil exploration, the authors have been engaged, during the past nine years, in three-dimensional modeling work of the the Alaskan coastal area (Fig. 1). Results from the modeling work involving the Bering Sea and the Chukchi Sea have been reported at an earlier conference (Ref. 1). This paper describes the formulation, coupling, and other essential aspects of the Beaufort Sea model (Fig. 2). The Beaufort Sea, occupying a larger portion of the Alaskan coastal water, is dynamically interactive with other modeled areas. Most importantly, the exchange of water mass with the Chukchi Sea interconnects the Bering Sea through the Bering Strait (Fig. 3). Under certain weather conditions, ice in the Beaufort Sea can be transported toward the Bering Sea by an "ice breakout" process through the Bering Strait.

Holocene History of the Bering Sea Bowhead Whale (Balaena Mysticetus) in Its Beaufort Sea Summer Grounds off Southwestern Victoria Island, Western Canadian Arctic

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur S. Dyke ◽  
James M. Savelle
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
Bowhead Whale ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Summer Range ◽  
Victoria Island ◽  
The Bering Sea

AbstractThe fossil remains of 43 bowhead whales were mapped on the raised beaches of western Wollaston Peninsula, Victoria Island, Canadian Arctic, near the historic summer range limit of the Bering Sea stock in the Beaufort Sea. The elevations and radiocarbon ages of the remains demonstrate that the bowhead ranged commonly into the region following the submergence of Bering Strait at ca. 10,000 14C yr B.P. until ca. 8500 14C yr B.P. During the same interval, bowheads ranged widely from the Beaufort Sea to Baffin Bay. Subsequently, no whales reached Wollaston Peninsula until ca. 1500 14C yr B.P. Late Holocene populations evidently were small, or occupations were brief, in comparison to those of the early Holocene. Although the late Holocene recurrence may relate to the expansion of pioneering Thule whalers eastward from Alaska, there are few Thule sites and limited evidence of Thule whaling in the area surveyed to support this suggestion.

Migration and Feeding of the Gray Whale (Eschrichtius gibbosus)

1962 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon C. Pike
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
Visual Contact ◽  
Gray Whales ◽  
Baleen Whales ◽  
The Bering Sea

Observations of gray whales from the coasts of British Columbia, Washington, and Alaska are compared with published accounts in order to re-assess knowledge of migration and feeding of the American herd. Source of material is mainly from lighthouses and lightships.The American herd of gray whales retains close contact with the shore during migration south of Alaska. Off Washington and British Columbia the northward migration begins in February, ends in May, and is at a peak during the first two weeks in April; the southward migration occurs in December and January, and is at a peak in late December. Northward migrants stop occasionally to rest or feed; southward migrants are travelling faster and appear not to stop to rest or feed during December and January. Gray whales seen off British Columbia, sometimes in inside protected waters, from June through October, probably remain in this area throughout the summer and fall months.Available evidence suggests that gray whales retain contact with the coast while circumscribing the Gulf of Alaska, enter the Bering Sea through eastern passages of the Aleutian chain, and approach St. Lawrence Island by way of the shallow eastern part of the Bering Sea. Arriving off the coast of St. Lawrence Island in May and June the herd splits with some parts dispersing along the Koryak coast and some parts continuing northward as the ice retreats through Bering Strait. Gray whales feed in the waters of the Chukchi Sea along the Siberian and Alaskan coasts in July, August and September. Advance of the ice through Bering Strait in October initiates the southern migration for most of the herd. In summering areas, in northern latitudes, gray whales feed in shallow waters on benthic and near-benthic organisms, mostly amphipods.There is no evidence to indicate that gray whales utilize ocean currents or follow the same routes as other baleen whales in their migrations. Visual contact with coastal landmarks appear to aid gray whales in successfully accomplishing the 5000-mile migration between summer feeding grounds in the Bering and Chukchi Seas and winter breeding grounds in Mexico.Reconstruction of the migration from all available data shows that most of the American herd breeds and calves in January and February, migrates northward in March, April and May, feeds from June through October, and migrates southward in November and December.

scholarly journals Water masses and fish communities in north-western part of the Bering Sea and western part of the Chukchi Sea in 2003–2010

Trudy VNIRO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 137-156
Author(s):  
G. V. Khen ◽  
◽  
E. O. Basyuk ◽  
K. K. Kivva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
North Western ◽  
The Bering Sea

scholarly journals Processing Three-Dimensional Models of Archaeological Artifacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Chistyakov ◽  
Ekaterina N. Bocharova ◽  
Ksenia A. Kolobova
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

This article provides a detailed account of the process of scanning, post-processing and further manipulation of three-dimensional models obtained with structured light scanners. Purpose. The purpose of the study is determined by the need for national archaeologists to learn the methods of three-dimensional modeling for the implementation of scientific research corresponding to international standards. Unfortunately, this direction in national archaeology began to develop in a relatively recent time and there is a lag in the application of three-dimensional modeling of national archaeology compared to the world level. Results. Any archaeological, experimental or ethnographic artifact can be used for three-dimensional scanning. To perform post-processing of three-dimensional models it is necessary to carry out primary scanning of an artifact by one of the existing algorithms. The algorithm for creating models, their positioning, simplification, saving in various formats and export is described. The main sequence of 3D models post-processing includes: processing of groups of scanned projections (their cleaning and alignment), creation of artifact model and processing/rectification of the resulting model using special software. Conclusion. As a result of correct implementation of the algorithm, the researcher receives a scaled model completely corresponding to the original artifact. Obtaining a scalable, texture-free three-dimensional model of the artifact, which fully corresponds to the original and exceeds a photograph in the quality of detail transfer, allows a scientist to conduct precise metric measurements and any procedures of non-invasive manipulation of the models. The ability to access a database of three-dimensional models of archaeological collections greatly simplifies the work of archaeologists, especially in situations when country borders are closed.

3D Printed Glitches

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-93
Author(s):  
James F. Kerestes
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The United States ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Common Resource ◽  
Education Design ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Architecture And Design

3D printing is a common resource within the architecture and design disciplines in higher education. As is the case with all tools, there is a predetermined functionality and expected outcome when using additive manufacturing technology. There are also learning opportunities rooted in unforeseen equipment errors. The following chapter outlines alternate approaches for the use of 3D printing beyond mere representation and utilization in higher education design environments. Manufactured glitches enable students to analyze the predetermined functionality of the tools they engage with, and enter into a dialogue with technology as a medium for exploration and authorial exchange. To explore these concepts, a series of case studies that tested the parameters of glitches in both digital (three-dimensional modeling software) and physical mediums (rapid prototyping) was completed by a group of architecture and design students at a Midwestern University in the United States.

Three-Dimensional Modeling of MVT Lead-Zinc Deposit in Western Hunan and its Application

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 2674-2677
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Ke Yan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
The North ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
North Part ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Fault Belt

In order to study the evolution and metallogenic regularity of MVT lead-zinc deposits in western portion of Hunan province (China), two sets of three-dimensional model are established by Minexplorer software: 3D model in typical deposit and 3Dmodel on regional scale. On the basis of synthetic analyses of two sets of models, the further prospecting should be focused on the north part of ore-bearing layer along the Huayuan-Zhangjiajie fault belt. It is effective to observe occurrence and distribution characteristics from the 3D geological model, and to provide the basis for further exploration prospecting of the concealed deposits.

The Use of Digital Map Data to Provide Enhanced Navigation and Displays for Poor Weather Penetration and Recovery

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Position Information ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Cultural Details ◽  
Map Data

A GEC Marconi Avionics/MoD joint–funded integrated, digital terrain system called ' PENETRATE ' (passive enhanced navigation with terrain referenced avionics) is in its fourth year of flight trials on a Hunter fast–jet aircraft at the Defence Research Agency, Farnborough. Although originally designed to enable military aircraft to penetrate enemy defences at low level in poor weather conditions and at night, the system also has a direct read across to civil air transport operations. The heart of the PENETRATE system is a digital data–store housing a three–dimensional model of the terrain including cultural details, obstructions and tactical intelligence information.PENETRATE incorporates terrain-referenced navigation to provide accurate position information relative to the ground contours. A sophisticated digital map displays navigation information and includes intelligence and intervisibility overlays. Head-up visual enhancement options are provided which can be tailored to the outside visibility. These comprise monochrome skeletal perspective displays which are superimposed on the outside world view and also on the forward-looking infra-red (FUR) scene. The display enhancements range from obstruction cues through ridge line overlays to skeletal perspective terrain presentations.This paper covers the philosophy and architecture of PENETRATE together with details of the demonstration system. It also discusses the capability of this digital terrain system to enhance the safety of civil aircraft approaches into difficult airports such as Kathmandu and Hong Kong.

Three-Dimensional FEM Analysis of Sensitive Mechanism of Airflow Level Posture Sensor Based on Thermoelectric Coupling

2011 ◽  
Vol 271-273 ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Ming Ming Ji ◽  
Lin Hua Piao ◽  
Bai Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Equation Solving ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Simulation Based

Using ANSYS program, the finite element simulation based on thermoelectric coupling is conducted by a series of procedures, such as three-dimensional model building of airflow level posture sensor according to the actual size of the proportion, network modifying, loads applying and equation solving. The sensitive mechanism of airflow level posture sensor is explained by finite element method. The numerical results show that compared with two-dimensional modeling, the simulation result of three-dimensional modeling and thermoelectric analysis methods are more comprehensive and accurate, which provides more reliable basis for practical research of the airflow level posture sensor.

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