scholarly journals HEIGHT DISTRIBUTION OF ESTUARINE WAVES

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
V. Barthel
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Rayleigh Distribution ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
Empirical Distributions ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Sea Wave

A field investigation program on waves was carried out in the Weser estuary, German Bight of the North Sea. Wave height and period distributions in this complicated wave climate can be approximated by a Rayleigh distribution. Empirical distributions of the wave heights characterise the different regions of the estuary. The presence of wave grouping as well as the group bounded long waves are shown in a few examples. The necessity of further investigations and analysis is highlighted.

scholarly journals WAVE ENERGY DISTRIBUTION IN AN ESTUARY

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (17) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Volker Barthel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
German Bight ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
The North ◽  
Complex Wave ◽  
The North Sea

A field investigation program on waves in the Weser Estuary, German Bight of the North Sea, was started to learn about the complex wave climate in this region. The comparison of results in the various locations shows that most of the' wave energy is transferred from deep water across the reef region to the wadden area. The comparison of spectra in the different sites and the parametrization of these multipeak- spectra gives another feasibility to describe estuarine waves.

scholarly journals North Atlantic storm driving of extreme wave heights in the North Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 3253-3268 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bell ◽  
S. L. Gray ◽  
O. P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
The North Sea

Spectral wave climate of the North Sea

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Boukhanovsky ◽  
Leonid J. Lopatoukhin ◽  
C. Guedes Soares
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Impact of Climate Change on the North Sea Offshore Energy Sector

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Fournier ◽  
Galina Guentchev ◽  
Justin Krijnen ◽  
Andy Saulter ◽  
Caroline Acton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The North ◽  
Climate Indicators ◽  
The North Sea

The complex nature of the energy industry across extraction, transportation, processing, delivery and decommissioning creates significant challenges to how the sector responds, adapts and mitigates against risks posed by the changing future climate. Any disruption in this interconnected system will affect both industry and society. For example, in the summer of 2005 Hurricane Katrina and a month later Hurricane Rita had wide reaching impacts on the US offshore Oil and Gas industry which resulted in an increase in global oil prices due to loss of production and refinery shutdowns in the Gulf of Mexico. Preparing, mitigating and adapting to these climate changes is dependent upon identifying appropriate climate indicators as well as the associated critical operational thresholds and design criteria of the identified vulnerable assets. The characterization and understanding of the likely changes in these climate indicators will form the basis for adaptation plans and mitigating actions. The Met Office in collaboration with energy industry partners, under the Copernicus Clim4energy European project, has developed a Climate Change Risk Assessment tool, which allows the visualization and extraction of the most recent sea level and wave climate information to evaluate their future changes. This study illustrates the application of this tool for evaluation of the potential vulnerability of an offshore infrastructure in the North Sea. The analysis shows that for this asset there is a small increase in sea level of 0.20–0.30 m at the location of interest by 2050. However, there is a small decrease or no consistent changes projected in the future wave climate. This wave signal is small compared to the uncertainty of the wave projections and the associated inter-annual variability. Therefore, for the 2050s time horizon, at the location of interest, there is no strong impact of climate change at the annual scale on the significant wave height, the sea level and thus the associated climate change driven extreme water level. However, further analysis are required at the seasonal and monthly scales.

scholarly journals WAVE CLIMATE ANALYSIS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSE

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans H. Dette ◽  
Alfred Fuhrboter
Keyword(s):  
Wave Climate ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
Offshore Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Measurements ◽  
Wind Velocities ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
One Year ◽  
Climate Analysis

The North Sea (Fig. 1) is known as a random sea with depths in the southern part between 40 m and 100 m so that in contrary to the Atlantic and Pacific coastlines deep sea wave conditions do not exist. After four years of comprehensive wave measurements in the offshore area of the Island of Sylt near the Danish border a general analysis of the wave climate in that region was possible. In this paper results and suggestions will be presented under the aspect of replacing qualitative judgements by quantitative statements which are derived from the knowledge of the adjacent wave climate. Because the wave action varies from year to year a general time unit is not advisable for the evaluation of shore processes; therefore the time scale should be substituted by the integral of incoming wave energy occurring after a certain time. The investigated method of expressing the total energy of one season or one year in the electrical unit Kilowatthour (kWh) per meter (m) width of shoreline could prove in future as a feasible way of classifying the irregular seasonal and yearly wave intensities. It is further shown that wave measurements over a period of several years can be sufficient for the investigation of correlations between the wind velocities occurring from all directions and the resulting wave heights. In case of satisfying correlation factors it will then be possible to carry out feedback operations for periods from which only records of wind velocities and directions are available and even to hindcast the wave heights for certain not yet measured wind velocities.

Using a Dacon Scoop to Recover a Loaded Liferaft at Sea

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brown ◽  
Kerri-Ann Evely ◽  
Graham Small ◽  
Scott MacKinnon
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Safe Haven ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Significant Wave Heights

Service and supply vessels that perform standby duties in the offshore sector are equipped with a variety of resources with which to perform rescue at sea. For light to moderate sea conditions, techniques currently understood and practiced tend to involve using a fast rescue craft (FRC) to rescue survivors and subsequently transfer them to a safe haven (often a standby vessel). Rescuing evacuees in higher, more challenging sea states, however, is difficult given that it can be unsafe to launch and recover FRCs in such conditions. For these cases, many standby vessels in Eastern Canada and the North Sea are equipped with a device called a Dacon Scoop. The Dacon Scoop is a 6 to 8m semi-rigid net that is deployed directly from the side of the standby vessel and designed to rescue people directly from the water. While not a conventional use, it has been suggested that the scoop could also be used to recover small rescue craft (life rafts, lifeboats and fast rescue craft) at sea. Although life rafts provide occupants with some protection from the elements, there are still issues that can make it less than desirable to remain inside for extended periods of time if an effective means of system recovery is available. This paper presents the findings of research carried-out to determine if it is safe to use a Dacon Scoop to recover a loaded liferaft. The research trials made use of a loaded inflatable 25 person davit launched life raft and two different standby vessels 75m in length. A total of 34 tests were carried out over three days in significant wave heights up to 3.7m. Recommendations are given in the context of a human factor assessment related to the procedures, equipment and field trials experiences.

scholarly journals WAVE GROUP FORMATION AMONG STORM WAVES

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rye
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Wave Group ◽  
Average Correlation ◽  
The North ◽  
Storm Waves ◽  
Stormy Weather ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
The North Sea

Wave data obtained m the North Sea for stormy weather conditions are analyzed to determine the extent of wave group formation among large waves; i.e. the number of large waves succeeding each other in one single run. Three periods associated with the passage of high sea states are examined. The average correlation between succeeding wave heights is found to be +0.2H, which indicates that wave heights do have a "memory". Wave group formations are found to be more pronounced when the sea is growing than decaying. The average lengths of wave runs are calculated.

scholarly journals Wave Climate Change in the North Sea and Baltic Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bonaduce ◽  
Joanna Staneva ◽  
Arno Behrens ◽  
Jean-Raymond Bidlot ◽  
Renate Anna Irma Wilcke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Significant Wave Height ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Wave climate change by the end of the 21st century (2075–2100) was investigated using a regional wave climate projection under the RCP 8.5 scenario. The performance of the historical run (1980–2005) in representing the present wave climate was assessed when compared with in situ (e.g., GTS) and remote sensing (i.e., Jason-1) observations and wave hindcasts (e.g., ERA5-hindcast). Compared with significant wave height observations in different subdomains, errors on the order of 20–30% were observed. A Principal Component (PC) analysis showed that the temporal leading modes obtained from in situ data were well correlated (0.9) with those from the historical run. Despite systematic differences (10%), the general features of the present wave climate were captured by the historical run. In the future climate projection, with respect to the historical run, similar wave climate change patterns were observed when considering both the mean and severe wave conditions, which were generally larger during summer. The range of variation in the projected extremes (±10%) was consistent with those observed in previous studies both at the global and regional spatial scales. The most interesting feature was the projected increase in extreme wind speed, surface Stokes drift speed and significant wave height in the Northeast Atlantic. On the other hand, a decrease was observed in the North Sea and the southern part of the Baltic Sea basin, while increased extreme values occurred in the Gulf of Bothnia during winter.

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