scholarly journals SEDIMENTATION IN DREDGED NAVIGATION CHANNELS

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (17) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Lars Mikkelsen ◽  
Preben Mortensen ◽  
Torben Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Access Channel ◽  
The Future ◽  
Maintenance Dredging

The feasibility of a harbour project, which involves dredging of an access channel, may to a large extent depend on the future maintenance dredging in the channel. It is therefore important to be able to calculate sedimentation in dredged channels with sufficient accuracy. In 1974 and 1975 the Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI) carried out a study of the most feasible access channel to Warri Port situated in the Western Niger Delta, Nigeria. Two alternative entrances were studied and in conclusion it was recommended to improve the existing access channel through Escravos Entrance.

The Future of Santos Harbour (Brazil) Outer Access Channel

2013 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
P Alfredini ◽  
E Arasaki ◽  
A Moreira ◽  
C Fournier ◽  
P Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Access Channel ◽  
The Future

Ecologies of Oil and Trauma of the Future in Curse of the Black Gold

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-91
Author(s):  
Cajetan Iheka
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Trauma Studies ◽  
Ecological Degradation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One ◽  
A Site

Mineral extraction in Africa has exacerbated ecological degradation across the continent. This article focuses on the example of the Niger Delta scene of oil exploration depicted in Michael Watts and Ed Kashi’s multimedia project, Curse of the Black Gold: 50 Years of Oil in the Niger Delta. Analyzing the infringement on human and nonhuman bodies due to fossil fuel extraction, I read the Delta, inscribed in Watts and Kashi’s image-text, as an ecology of suffering and as a site of trauma. Although trauma studies tend to foreground the past and the present, I argue that Curse of the Black Gold invites serious consideration of trauma of the future, of-the-yet-to-come, in apprehending the problematic of suffering in the Delta. I conclude with a discussion of the ethics of representing postcolonial wounding, which on the one hand can create awareness of ecological degradation and generate affect, but which on the other hand, exploits the vulnerability of the depicted and leaves an ecological footprint.

scholarly journals Glacier Mapping to Confirm Results from Mass-Balance Measurements

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Haakensen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Good Basis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Normal Mass ◽  
Cumulative Mass ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Glacier Mapping

Annual mass-balance measurements have been made at a number of glaciers in Norway since the beginning of the 1960s, A detailed and reliable map is necessary as a base for field work and more than twenty glacier maps have been constructed photogrammetrically at scales of 1:10 000 or 1:20 000 since 1952. For some of the glaciers more than one map has been constructed and changes in glacier volume can be calculated, provided the maps have sufficient accuracy.For the glaciers, Nigardsbreen, Hellstugubreen, and Gråsubreen, two or more good maps are available and these form a good basis for comparisons and calculations of changes in volume between the years when the air photographs were taken.Comparisons have been made for Gråsubreen between 1968 and 1984, for Hellstugubreen between 1968 and 1980, and for Nigardsbreen between 1964 and 1984.The calculations are made by placing a 100 m grid on the glacier maps and comparing the altitude for corresponding points. The changes in height are regarded as representative for the 0.01 km2 glacier areas represented by each point.Results from the investigation have been used to check the accuracy in cumulative mass balance for corresponding periods.Repeated air photography, at intervals of 5—10 years, can be used in the future to find the cumulative mass balance for a great number of glaciers at lower cost than “normal” mass-balance work.

scholarly journals Armed Rebellion and the Future of Self-Determination in the Niger Delta

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Adebowale Adeyemi-Suenu
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future

Armed rebellion has remained a constant decimal in the relation between the states and rebel groups in contemporary strategic discourse. The resolve by the Niger people of Nigeria to resort to arms and their agitations appear to have found deeper understanding within the context of history. This paper takes a historical look at the foundations of the agitations of the people of the Niger Delta and the ultimate decision to address their displeasure through the use terror or armed rebellion. It addresses the philosophy underpinning self-determination programmes of the Niger Delta militants and the responses of Nigerian state to the agitations of the Niger Delta militants. The paper therefore concludes that the use of arms as the ultimate ratio may remain the future of relationship in the Niger Delta because of the fundamental defects in the policies of the Nigerian state.

scholarly journals Glacier Mapping to Confirm Results from Mass-Balance Measurements

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Haakensen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Good Basis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Normal Mass ◽  
Cumulative Mass ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Glacier Mapping

Annual mass-balance measurements have been made at a number of glaciers in Norway since the beginning of the 1960s, A detailed and reliable map is necessary as a base for field work and more than twenty glacier maps have been constructed photogrammetrically at scales of 1:10 000 or 1:20 000 since 1952. For some of the glaciers more than one map has been constructed and changes in glacier volume can be calculated, provided the maps have sufficient accuracy. For the glaciers, Nigardsbreen, Hellstugubreen, and Gråsubreen, two or more good maps are available and these form a good basis for comparisons and calculations of changes in volume between the years when the air photographs were taken. Comparisons have been made for Gråsubreen between 1968 and 1984, for Hellstugubreen between 1968 and 1980, and for Nigardsbreen between 1964 and 1984. The calculations are made by placing a 100 m grid on the glacier maps and comparing the altitude for corresponding points. The changes in height are regarded as representative for the 0.01 km2 glacier areas represented by each point. Results from the investigation have been used to check the accuracy in cumulative mass balance for corresponding periods. Repeated air photography, at intervals of 5—10 years, can be used in the future to find the cumulative mass balance for a great number of glaciers at lower cost than “normal” mass-balance work.

scholarly journals The efficiency of curved jetties in Bay of Santos – SP: numerical modeling

RBRH ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Zenker Gireli ◽  
◽  
Camila Maria Mateus Alves de Souza ◽  
Larissa Bertholdo Nobre ◽  
Patrícia Dalsoglio Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Access Channel ◽  
Navigation Channel ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Maintenance Dredging ◽  
Mike 21

ABSTRACT Nowadays, Port of Santos is the largest in Latin America, and it is undergoing a process of deepening of its access channel and, as its final target, is expected to attain 17 m. A considerable increase in the maintenance dredging volume is expected, particularly for the section of the maritime sandbar that is, currently, only maintained by dredging. Consequently, this study employed numerical modeling to propose an efficient layout for two curved, current-guiding jetties for the transposition of the maritime sandbar of Port of Santos navigation channel, and it’s evaluated their efficiency in maintaining depths throughout the channel. Therefore, it was used only the hydrodynamic model of Mike 21 to compare the results with the physical modeling realized in the same simulation conditionals. The results indicate, in both approaches, the current velocities increased with the proposal jetties. Thus, the accomplished study indicates that the adoption of permanent constructions for transposition of the maritime sandbar of the Port of Santos is clearly feasible and it could constitute a more economically attractive option for maintaining depths of 17 m than the current one.

Enhanced Strength Properties of Dredged Marine Sediments Using Electrokinetic Stabilization Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Nurul Syakeera Nordin ◽  
Chee Ming Chan
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Access Channel ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Electrokinetic Stabilization ◽  
Maintenance Dredging

Nearshore’s facilities are often require frequent and regular maintenance dredging in maintaining appropriate water depths and enlarging the access channel and turning basin. A large amount of sediment was spawned from the dredging work. The dredged marine sediments (DMS) are not apt to be used in construction activities because of its poor geophysical properties. The purpose of this research is to study the improvement in moisture content and strength of DMS by using electrokinetic (EK) method. DMS are classified as a high plasticity silt (MH) with 240.74 % of its natural water content. Stainless steel plate was invoked as the electrode, while distilled water (DW), citric acid (CA) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were applied as the stabilizing agents. The aforementioned stabilizers are electrically injected into the DMS which causing flow of the solutions through the pores in DMS under 50 V/m of applied direct current (DC). The results of treated DMS are presented in moisture content, undrained shear strength and SEM-EDX analysis. The EK treated DMS shows it increases in strength in the dry zone area after the 14 days treatment. The dry zone area was created near the anode and wet zone was made near the cathode. The application of calcium ions in the treatment had increased the strength and alters the pattern of the soil fabric. Largely, EK has significantly improved the quality of DMS even though the strength increase observed was not homogeneous throughout the specimen.

Engine Condition Monitoring Using Fibreoptic Probes

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. McCord
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Flow Time ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Aircraft Maintenance ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Visual Access ◽  
Military Aviation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Engine Condition

With the advent of U.S. military aviation changing from the fixed-cycle inspection concept to the On-Condition Maintenance (OCM) concept, it has become readily apparent to the aircraft maintenance people that their existing inspection methods and diagnostic tools are not adequate to keep pace with the new concept. Some of those components which required removal and disassembly to facilitate inspection should now be inspected on-the-wing to maintain the inspection flow time. Some means of gaining visual access to those components is required. A method has been developed to inspect the gas path of a turbine engine with sufficient accuracy to provide the user with the decisive information on whether to continue the engine in service or remove it for repair. The genesis of using controlled light and vision for engine internal inspection is presented and progress from the early days on the flightline to the future is discussed.

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