scholarly journals Decentralized Control of Ophiuroid Robot That Enables Self-organized Role Assignment of Arm Movements

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Wataru WATANABE ◽  
Shota SUZUKI ◽  
Takeshi KANO ◽  
Akio ISHIGURO
Keyword(s):  
Decentralized Control ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Role Assignment ◽  
Self Organized

scholarly journals A decentralized control scheme for orchestrating versatile arm movements in ophiuroid omnidirectional locomotion

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (66) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Watanabe ◽  
Takeshi Kano ◽  
Shota Suzuki ◽  
Akio Ishiguro
Keyword(s):  
Decentralized Control ◽  
Coupled Oscillators ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Rhythmic Movements ◽  
Role Assignment ◽  
Rotator Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Living Organisms

Autonomous decentralized control is a key concept for understanding the mechanism underlying the adaptive and versatile behaviour of animals. Although the design methodology of decentralized control based on a dynamical system approach that can impart adaptability by using coupled oscillators has been proposed in previous studies, it cannot reproduce the versatility of animal behaviours comprehensively. Therefore, our objective is to understand behavioural versatility from the perspective of well-coordinated rhythmic and non-rhythmic movements. To this end, we focus on ophiuroids as a simple good model of living organisms that exhibit spontaneous role assignment of rhythmic and non-rhythmic arm movements, and we model such arm movements by using an active rotator model that can describe both oscillatory and excitatory properties. Simulation results show that the spontaneous role assignment of arm movements is successfully realized by using the proposed model, and the simulated locomotion is qualitatively equivalent to the locomotion of real ophiuroids. This fact can potentially facilitate a better understanding of the control mechanism responsible for the orchestration of versatile arm movements in ophiuroid omnidirectional locomotion.

Adaptive role assignment for self-organized flocking of a real robotic swarm

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuda Toshiyuki ◽  
Shigehito Nakatani ◽  
Akitoshi Adachi ◽  
Masaki Kadota ◽  
Kazuhiro Ohkura
Keyword(s):  
Role Assignment ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Robotic Swarm ◽  
Adaptive Role

scholarly journals Eliciting Fairness in N-Player Network Games through Degree-Based Role Assignment

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Andreia Sofia Teixeira ◽  
Francisco C. Santos ◽  
Alexandre P. Francisco ◽  
Fernando P. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Ultimatum Game ◽  
Distributed Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Voting Rules ◽  
Network Games ◽  
Role Assignment ◽  
Climate Agreements ◽  
Social Contracts ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
High Degree

From social contracts to climate agreements, individuals engage in groups that must collectively reach decisions with varying levels of equality and fairness. These dilemmas also pervade distributed artificial intelligence, in domains such as automated negotiation, conflict resolution, or resource allocation, which aim to engineer self-organized group behaviors. As evidenced by the well-known Ultimatum Game, where a Proposer has to divide a resource with a Responder, payoff-maximizing outcomes are frequently at odds with fairness. Eliciting equality in populations of self-regarding agents requires judicious interventions. Here, we use knowledge about agents’ social networks to implement fairness mechanisms, in the context of Multiplayer Ultimatum Games. We focus on network-based role assignment and show that attributing the role of Proposer to low-connected nodes increases the fairness levels in a population. We evaluate the effectiveness of low-degree Proposer assignment considering networks with different average connectivities, group sizes, and group voting rules when accepting proposals (e.g., majority or unanimity). We further show that low-degree Proposer assignment is efficient, in optimizing not only individuals’ offers but also the average payoff level in the population. Finally, we show that stricter voting rules (i.e., imposing an accepting consensus as a requirement for collectives to accept a proposal) attenuate the unfairness that results from situations where high-degree nodes (hubs) play as Proposers. Our results suggest new routes to use role assignment and voting mechanisms to prevent unfair behaviors from spreading on complex networks.

Problem behavior in autism spectrum disorders: A paradigmatic self-organized perspective of network structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Tonello ◽  
Luca Giacobbi ◽  
Alberto Pettenon ◽  
Alessandro Scuotto ◽  
Massimo Cocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
The Self ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Critical Equilibrium ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Acute Agitation ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) subjects can present temporary behaviors of acute agitation and aggressiveness, named problem behaviors. They have been shown to be consistent with the self-organized criticality (SOC), a model wherein occasionally occurring “catastrophic events” are necessary in order to maintain a self-organized “critical equilibrium.” The SOC can represent the psychopathology network structures and additionally suggests that they can be considered as self-organized systems.

Command and Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Stuart D. H. Beveridge ◽  
Simon T. Henderson ◽  
Wayne L. Martin ◽  
Joleah B. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Air Transport ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Systematic Review Methodology ◽  
Role Assignment ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Policy Review ◽  
Reported Effect ◽  
And Control ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract. Compared with other team settings, flight crew in air transport present a unique situation where the leader or supervisor regularly engages in active control. When the captain is assigned cognitively demanding pilot flying duties, the subordinate and often less experienced first officer must perform equally crucial monitoring and support duties. Using a systematic review methodology, this study reviews the reported effect of crew role assignment on flight safety outcomes. Our review identified 18 relevant studies and suggests crew performance factors linked to flight safety are affected by crew role assignment. Findings suggest a greater number of inherent obstacles may exist for optimal crew performance with the captain as pilot flying, raising the need for further specific research and policy review in this area.

Perceiving Affect From Point-Light Displays of Arm Movements

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank E. Pollick ◽  
Helena Paterson ◽  
Andrew J. Calder ◽  
Armin Bruderlin ◽  
Anthony J. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Arm Movements ◽  
Point Light
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