scholarly journals Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors in Our Institutions According to the WHO 2010 Classification

2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunji Endo ◽  
Tsutomu Dousei ◽  
Yukinobu Yoshikawa ◽  
Nobutaka Hatanaka ◽  
Kiyomi Taniyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
World Health ◽  
Net G3 ◽  
Who 2010 Classification ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Tumor Related Death

Abstract In 2010, World Health Organization classified gastric neuroendocrine tumor (NET) as follows: NET grade (G) 1, NET G2, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). We reviewed 22 gastric NETs that were encountered in our institutions. Nine, 6, and 4 were NET G1, G2, and NEC, respectively. We also encountered 3 NET G3. NET G1 was treated with observation in 2 patients, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in 3, and gastrectomy in 4 patients. No recurrence was experienced during a median of 53 months of follow-up. All NET G2 was treated with gastrectomy. No patient experienced recurrence during a median of 25 months of follow-up. NET G3 was treated with gastrectomy. One patient died of liver metastasis 52 months after gastrectomy. For NEC, gastrectomy was performed in 3 cases and no patients died of tumor-related death. We conclude that the prognoses of NET G1 and G2 were good. We also experienced long-term survivors of NEC. An accumulation of more patients is needed for further investigation.

scholarly journals Lifestyle Modification in Cervical Cancer Survivors: An Ongoing Need

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Schlumbrecht ◽  
Charlotte C. Sun ◽  
Marilyn S. Huang ◽  
Fran Zandstra ◽  
Diane C. Bodurka
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
World Health ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Long Term Survivors

ObjectiveWith the introduction of multimodality therapy for cervical cancer, many women will be long-term survivors in need of comprehensive surveillance care. Our goals were to evaluate patterns of obesity and smoking in a cohort of cervical cancer survivors and to assess the potential influence of these comorbidities on subsequent follow-up.MethodsWe reviewed the records of patients treated for invasive cervical cancer at our institution from 2000 to 2003 who had no evidence of disease for 3 or more years. Demographic and clinical data were collected, including smoking history and anthropometric measurements. Body mass index (BMI) was categorized according to World Health Organization criteria. Logistic regression and Wilcoxon rank sum analyses were performed.ResultsTwo hundred ninety-eight women had complete follow-up data at 3 years. The median age at diagnosis was 43.5 years (range, 17.6–87.1 years). At diagnosis, 31.9% had a normal BMI, 28.2% were overweight, and 34.6% were obese compared with 31.7%, 21.1%, and 30.2% at 3 years, respectively. Of the 51 women whose BMI categorization changed, 33 (64.7%) had weight gain, and 18 (35.3%) had weight loss. By paired analyses, increase in BMI was significant over the 3-year interval (P < 0.001). Seventy patients actively smoked at diagnosis. Compared with nonsmokers, current smokers had a greater odds of referral to the pain service (odds ratio [OR], 6.56; confidence interval [CI], 6.26–16.43; P < 0.001), physical therapy (OR, 4.74; CI, 1.29–17.36; P = 0.02), and gastroenterology (OR, 2.25; CI, 1.14–4.24; P = 0.02).ConclusionsObesity and smoking are significant comorbidities that may complicate care in cervical cancer survivors. Interventions aimed at modifying these risk factors should be routinely undertaken in this population.

scholarly journals Succinate Dehydrogenase–Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Heng Tsai ◽  
Wen-Ying Lee
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Health Organization

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)–deficient renal cell carcinoma is a recently recognized distinct subtype of renal cell carcinoma in the 2016 World Health Organization classification. It is associated with SDH gene germline mutations, which also cause paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and pituitary adenoma. The tumor most commonly presents in young adulthood. The tumors are arranged in solid nests or in tubules and frequently show cystic change. The tumors are composed of cuboidal to oval cells with round nuclei, dispersed chromatin, and inconspicuous nucleoli. The cytoplasm is eosinophilic or flocculent but not truly oncocytic. The most distinctive histologic feature is the presence of cytoplasmic vacuoles or inclusions. Loss of SDH subunit B immunostaining is needed for a definite diagnosis. The prognosis is good for low-grade tumors but worse for tumors with high-grade nuclei, sarcomatoid change, or coagulative necrosis. Long-term follow-up is indicated.

Long-Term Results of Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Skull Base Meningiomas

Neurosurgery ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Or Cohen-Inbar ◽  
Cheng-chia Lee ◽  
David Schlesinger ◽  
Zhiyuan Xu ◽  
Jason P. Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Scale ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Skull Base Meningiomas ◽  
Performance Scale

Abstract BACKGROUND: Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is well established in the management of inaccessible, recurrent, or residual benign skull base meningiomas. Most series report clinical outcome parameters and complications in the short intermediate period after radiosurgery. Reports of long-term tumor control and neurological status are still lacking. OBJECTIVE: To report the presentation, treatment, and long-term outcome of skull base meningiomas after GKRS. METHODS: From a prospectively collected institutional review board-approved database, we selected patients with a World Health Organization grade I skull base meningioma treated with a single-session GKRS and a minimum of 60 months follow-up. One hundred thirty-five patients, 54.1% males (n = 73), form the cohort. Median age was 54 years (19–80). Median tumor volume was 4.7 cm3 (0.5–23). Median margin dose was 15 Gy (7.5–36). Median follow-up was 102.5 months (60.1–235.4). Patient and tumor characteristics were assessed to determine the predictors of neurological function and tumor progression. RESULTS: At last follow-up, tumor volume control was achieved in 88.1% (n = 119). Post-GKRS clinical improvement or stability was reported in 61.5%. The 5-, 10-, and 15-year actuarial progression-free survival rates were 100%, 95.4%, and 68.8%, respectively. Favorable outcome (both tumor control and clinical preservation/improvement) was attained in 60.8% (n = 79). Pre-GKRS performance status (Karnofsky Performance Scale) was shown to influence tumor progression (P = .001) and post-GKRS clinical improvement/preservation (P = .003). CONCLUSION: GKRS offers a highly durable rate of tumor control for World Health Organization grade I skull base meningiomas, with an acceptably low incidence of neurological deficits. The Karnofsky Performance Scale at the time of radiosurgery serves as a reliable long-term predictor of overall outcome.

Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG) Consensus Review for Ovarian Small Cell Cancers

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (Supp 3) ◽  
pp. S30-S34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Simon Reed ◽  
Patricia Pautier ◽  
Elizabeth Åvall-Lundqvist ◽  
Chel-Hun Choi ◽  
Andreas du Bois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
The World ◽  
Aggressive Tumors ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Long Term Survivors

AbstractSmall cell carcinomas of the ovary are uncommon and account for less than 1% of ovarian cancers. They were first recognized in 1979, and a number of reports appeared during the next 2 decades. They are highly aggressive tumors and usually carry a poor prognosis, although this may reflect that most are diagnosed at advanced stage; however, those diagnosed as stage 1A have only 30% to 40% of long-term survivors. More reports followed extending our experience in the diagnosis and management of these rare cancers. The classification is described below and shown in Table 1, but a revision is expected to be published from the World Health Organization in 2014.

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: clinicopathological evaluation at Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad. A single centre experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nadira Mamoon ◽  
Hania Naveed ◽  
Mariam Abid ◽  
Humaira Nasir ◽  
Imran Nazir Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Single Centre Experience ◽  
Who 2010 Classification ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objective: Clinicopathological features of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) have rarely been studied in the Pakistani population. We investigated the clinical characteristics of these tumors according to the updated World Health Organization (WHO) 2010 classification. Methods: The data of Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad was retrospectively analysed for pathologically confirmed GEP-NETs from January 2013 to March 2018. Results: One hundred and eighteen patients (mean age, 52.2 years; male, 55.1%) were identified. 83.1% of the patients were symptomatic including5.1% functional tumors. Pancreas (28%) was the most frequent primary site noted. The most common histologic type was well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (WDNET) in 81.4% followed by neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) in 16.1%. 45.8% cases of WDNET were grade 1, 27.1% were grade 2, and 8.5% were grade 3.15.3% had distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis with liver (77.7%) as the most common metastatic site. Synaptophysin positivity was seen in 96.8% of grade 1 & grade 2 WDNET, 100% of grade 3 WDNET and 92.3% of NEC and chromogranin was positive in 94.2% of grade 1 &grade 2 WDNET, 83.3% of grade 3 WDNET and 45.4% of NEC. Conclusion: GEP-NETs showed a wide clinicopathological spectrum. Pancreas is the most site of involvement by the GEP-NET however grade 3 WDNET had a predilection for the colon. Small cell carcinomas were commonly observed in esophagus. Keywords: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tu­mor, well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor, neuroendocrine carcinoma. Continuous...

scholarly journals Consensus on the principles of physical development monitoring in children, possible or not?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-274
Author(s):  
Anna Świąder-Leśniak ◽  
◽  
Anna Majcher ◽  
Beata Pyrżak ◽  
Piotr Dziechciarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization

Regular, long-term anthropometric follow-up is one of the fundamental methods of assessing the child’s health and well-being. However, there is still a lot of inconsistency in anthropometric practices and standards that may have a negative impact on clinical practice (e.g. delay in diagnosing children with growth or feeding disorders, genetic and metabolic syndromes). The paper discusses the principles of basic measurements: length/height, body weight, circumferences: head, chest and arm. Attention was also paid to the use of professional anthropometric equipment. Appropriately performed measurements allow the calculation of weight-height indices, which define nutrition disturbances (overweight, obesity and malnutrition), and also constitute the basis for conducting specialised diagnostics. In 2011, a group of experts recommended standards of body length/height, body weight, head circumference and body mass index developed by the World Health Organization for children up to 5 years of age. In 2013, nationwide reference values for weight, height and body mass index for children aged from 3 to 6 years were published and accepted as valid (OLA project). They complemented previously developed percentile charts for children aged 7–18 years (OLAF project). The paper proposes to adopt uniform standards of anthropometric measurements and to initiate a discussion in the paediatric community on the acceptance of common growth charts for the basic anthropometric measurements.

scholarly journals Case Report: Mitral Valve Involvement and First-Degree Atrial-Ventricular Block in Two Patients With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Di Filippo ◽  
Massimiliano Raso ◽  
Marta Cacciatore ◽  
Roberta Patacchiola ◽  
Giulia Renda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cutaneous Rash ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Recommended Therapy

COVID-19 seems to be less frequent and severe in children compared to adults. Despite the very few symptoms usually found in children, great attention was recorded when in April 2020 a hyperinflammatory process in children with fever and multiorgan involvement after a paucisymptomatic COVID infection was reported. The United States Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organization recognized and defined this syndrome as “Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).” We describe two cases of MIS-C presenting with fever, cutaneous rash, and a mild cardiac involvement expressed with a transient mitral valve involvement and a first-degree atrioventricular block. Acute treatment was managed with intravenous immunoglobulin, oral aspirin, and intravenous corticosteroids reaching consequent good outcome. Clinical characteristics, treatment management, follow-up, and long-term evolution of children with MIS-C are still poorly defined. Further research is needed to better understand the pathogenesis of this newly described condition, to validate a high-level recommended therapy and a specific therapy tapering timings.

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