Including secondary structure, fossils and molecular dating in the centipede tree of life (project)

10.7934/p625 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Murienne ◽  
D Edgecombe ◽  
G Giribet
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Life Project

Including secondary structure, fossils and molecular dating in the centipede tree of life

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Murienne ◽  
Gregory D. Edgecombe ◽  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Molecular Dating

scholarly journals Flying rocks and flying clocks: disparity in fossil and molecular dates for birds

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1788) ◽  
pp. 20140677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Ksepka ◽  
Jessica L. Ware ◽  
Kristin S. Lamm
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Temporal Information ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Critical Nodes ◽  
Molecular Divergence ◽  
Divergence Dates ◽  
Divergence Estimates ◽  
Age Estimates

Major disparities are recognized between molecular divergence dates and fossil ages for critical nodes in the Tree of Life, but broad patterns and underlying drivers remain elusive. We harvested 458 molecular age estimates for the stem and crown divergences of 67 avian clades to explore empirical patterns between these alternate sources of temporal information. These divergence estimates were, on average, over twice the age of the oldest fossil in these clades. Mitochondrial studies yielded older ages than nuclear studies for the vast majority of clades. Unexpectedly, disparity between molecular estimates and the fossil record was higher for divergences within major clades (crown divergences) than divergences between major clades (stem divergences). Comparisons of dates from studies classed by analytical methods revealed few significant differences. Because true divergence ages can never be known with certainty, our study does not answer the question of whether fossil gaps or molecular dating error account for a greater proportion of observed disparity. However, empirical patterns observed here suggest systemic overestimates for shallow nodes in existing molecular divergence dates for birds. We discuss underlying biases that may drive these patterns.

The contribution of peer trainers to the Tree of Life project for young people living with Type 1 Diabetes: Building community

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910452095281
Author(s):  
Lucy Casdagli ◽  
Glenda Fredman ◽  
Ellie Huckle ◽  
Ella Mahony ◽  
Deborah Christie
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Young People ◽  
Narrative Therapy ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Building Community ◽  
Narrative Practice ◽  
Collective Narrative

This paper describes the involvement of peer trainers in Tree of Life groups for young people living with Type 1 Diabetes. The approach is informed by narrative therapy and collective narrative practice and principles, where people are seen as separate from problems and the focus is on creating opportunities for people to tell and witness one another’s preferred identity stories. Young people who have participated in a Tree of Life day are invited to join the project as peer trainers who help facilitate, engage group participants, witness their stories and consult to the project. Involving peer trainers also aims to create a community where preferred identity stories can be lived and witnessed. This paper describes the training for peer trainers and the building of community.

scholarly journals A synthetic phylogeny of freshwater crayfish: insights for conservation

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1662) ◽  
pp. 20140009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Owen ◽  
Heather Bracken-Grissom ◽  
David Stern ◽  
Keith A. Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Rate Variation ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Taxonomic Framework ◽  
Status Data ◽  
Synthesis Approach

Phylogenetic systematics is heading for a renaissance where we shift from considering our phylogenetic estimates as a static image in a published paper and taxonomies as a hardcopy checklist to treating both the phylogenetic estimate and dynamic taxonomies as metadata for further analyses. The Open Tree of Life project ( opentreeoflife.org ) is developing synthesis tools for harnessing the power of phylogenetic inference and robust taxonomy to develop a synthetic tree of life. We capitalize on this approach to estimate a synthesis tree for the freshwater crayfish. The crayfish make an exceptional group to demonstrate the utility of the synthesis approach, as there recently have been a number of phylogenetic studies on the crayfishes along with a robust underlying taxonomic framework. Importantly, the crayfish have also been extensively assessed by an IUCN Red List team and therefore have accurate and up-to-date area and conservation status data available for analysis within a phylogenetic context. Here, we develop a synthesis phylogeny for the world's freshwater crayfish and examine the phylogenetic distribution of threat. We also estimate a molecular phylogeny based on all available GenBank crayfish sequences and use this tree to estimate divergence times and test for divergence rate variation. Finally, we conduct EDGE and HEDGE analyses and identify a number of species of freshwater crayfish of highest priority in conservation efforts.

scholarly journals Nurturing a sustainable Open Tree of Life

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. e25727
Author(s):  
Emily Jane McTavish ◽  
Mark Holder ◽  
Karen Cranston
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Collaborative Effort ◽  
Biodiversity Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Information ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
Ready Access

The Open Tree of Life project is a collaborative effort to synthesize, share and update a comprehensive tree of life Fig. 1. We have completed a draft synthesis of a tree summarizing digitally available taxonomic and phylogenetic knowledge for all 2.6 million named species, available at tree.opentreeoflife.org Hinchliff et al. 2015. . . This tree provides ready access to phylogenetic information which can link together biodiversity data on the basis of what we know about relevant evolutionary history. Both the unified reference taxonomy Rees and Cranston 2017 and the published phylogenetic statements underlying the tree McTavish et al. 2015 are available and accessible online. Taxa in the phylogenies are mapped to the the reference taxonomy, which aligns Open Tree taxon identifiers to those from NCBI and GBIF, among several other taxonomy resources. The synthesis tree is revised as new data become available, and captures conflict and consensus across different published phylogenetic estimates. This undertaking requires both development of novel infrastructure and analysis tools, as well as community engagement with the Open Tree of Life project. I will discuss the challenges in and the progress towards achieving these goals.

scholarly journals Physcraper: a python package for continual update of evolutionary estimates using the Open Tree of Life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luna L. Sanchez Reyes ◽  
Martha Kandziora ◽  
Emily Jane McTavish
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
List Type ◽  
Matrix Assembly ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Character Matrix ◽  
Molecular Dataset ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses

AbstractPhylogenies are a key part of research in many areas of biology. Tools that automate some parts of the process of phylogenetic reconstruction, mainly molecular character matrix assembly, have been developed for the advantage of both specialists in the field of phylogenetics and nonspecialists. However, interpretation of results, comparison with previously available phylogenetic hypotheses, and selection of one phylogeny for downstream analyses and discussion still impose difficulties to one that is not a specialist either on phylogenetic methods or on a particular group of study.Physcraper is a command-line Python program that automates the update of published phylogenies by adding public DNA sequences to underlying alignments of previously published phylogenies. It also provides a framework for straightforward comparison of published phylogenies with their updated versions, by leveraging upon tools from the Open Tree of Life project to link taxonomic information across databases.Physcraper can be used by the nonspecialist, as a tool to generate phylogenetic hypotheses based on publicly available expert phylogenetic knowledge. Phylogeneticists and taxonomic group specialists will find it useful as a tool to facilitate molecular dataset gathering and comparison of alternative phylogenetic hypotheses (topologies).The Physcraper workflow demonstrates the benefits of doing open science for phylogenetics, encour-aging researchers to strive for better sharing practices. Physcraper can be used with any OS and is released under an open-source license. Detailed instructions for installation and use are available at https://physcraper.readthedocs.

scholarly journals OpenTree: A Python package for Accessing and Analyzing data from the Open Tree of Life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Jane McTavish ◽  
Luna L Sanchez Reyes ◽  
Mark T. Holder
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Service Application ◽  
The University ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Programming Interfaces ◽  
Python Package

The Open Tree of Life project constructs a comprehensive, dynamic and digitally-available tree of life by synthesizing published phylogenetic trees along with taxonomic data. Open Tree of Life provides web-service application programming interfaces (APIs) to make the tree estimate, unified taxonomy, and input phylogenetic data available to anyone. Here, we describe the python package 'opentree', which provides a user friendly python wrapper for these APIs and a set of scripts and tutorials for straightforward downstream data analyses. We demonstrate the utility of these tools by generating an estimate of the phylogenetic relationships of all bird families, and by capturing a phylogenetic estimate for all taxa observed at the University of California Merced Vernal Pools and Grassland Reserve.

scholarly journals Physcraper: a Python package for continually updated phylogenetic trees using the Open Tree of Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luna L. Sánchez-Reyes ◽  
Martha Kandziora ◽  
Emily Jane McTavish
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Matrix Assembly ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Character Matrix ◽  
Molecular Dataset ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses

Abstract Background Phylogenies are a key part of research in many areas of biology. Tools that automate some parts of the process of phylogenetic reconstruction, mainly molecular character matrix assembly, have been developed for the advantage of both specialists in the field of phylogenetics and non-specialists. However, interpretation of results, comparison with previously available phylogenetic hypotheses, and selection of one phylogeny for downstream analyses and discussion still impose difficulties to one that is not a specialist either on phylogenetic methods or on a particular group of study. Results Physcraper is a command-line Python program that automates the update of published phylogenies by adding public DNA sequences to underlying alignments of previously published phylogenies. It also provides a framework for straightforward comparison of published phylogenies with their updated versions, by leveraging upon tools from the Open Tree of Life project to link taxonomic information across databases. The program can be used by the nonspecialist, as a tool to generate phylogenetic hypotheses based on publicly available expert phylogenetic knowledge. Phylogeneticists and taxonomic group specialists will find it useful as a tool to facilitate molecular dataset gathering and comparison of alternative phylogenetic hypotheses (topologies). Conclusion The Physcraper workflow showcases the benefits of doing open science for phylogenetics, encouraging researchers to strive for better scientific sharing practices. Physcraper can be used with any OS and is released under an open-source license. Detailed instructions for installation and usage are available at https://physcraper.readthedocs.io.

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