Paleocene diversification of Araceae: The fossil spadix Bognerospadix gen. nov. and associated fossil leaves (project)

10.7934/p3807 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Stockey ◽  
G Hoffman ◽  
G Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Leaves

scholarly journals Review of fossiliferous localities at Antioquia department, Colombia

2016 ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yenny Paola Valencia Giraldo ◽  
Luis Carlos Escobar Arenas ◽  
Juliana Mendoza Ramirez ◽  
Daniel Delgado Sierra ◽  
Andrés Leonardo Cárdenas Rozo
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Marine Mollusks ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
Petrified Wood ◽  
Fossil Assemblages

Even though only 11.5% of Antioquia’s area has outcrops of sedimentary rocks, a review of the literature and the development of a digital map of fossil localities (27), allows us to conclude that the region has a great palaeontological potential. The data show that Antioquia’s fossil occurrences date from Ordovician (~ 485.4 to ~ 443.8Ma) to Quaternary (~ 2.6Ma to the Present). Moreover, there are macro-fossils belonging to different phyla (i.e. Chordata, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, Mollusca and Trachaeophyta). The oldest paleofauna in the area, consists of graptolites and trilobites recorded in Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks, whereas marine mollusks and echinoderms compose the major fossil assemblages of the Cretaceous. The paleoflora (i.e. fossil leaves and petrified wood) in the area is associated with to the Amagá Formation (Oligocene - Miocene). Finally, fossils of terrestrial vertebrates (i.e. mastodons and horses) are recorded in Quaternary deposits.

scholarly journals Leaf anatomy of a late Palaeozoic cycad

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 20170456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Feng ◽  
Yong Lv ◽  
Yun Guo ◽  
Hai-Bo Wei ◽  
Hans Kerp
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
The Family ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
Anatomical Evidence

Today, cycads are a small group of gymnospermous plants with a limited distribution in the (sub)tropics, but they were major constituents of Mesozoic floras. Fossil leaves sporadically found in latest Carboniferous and Permian floras have putatively been ascribed to cycads. However, their true affinity remains unclear due to the lack of anatomical evidence. Virtually all modern cycads have pinnate leaves, but this type of leaf morphology is by no means unique for cycads. Pinnate leaves of Plagiozamites oblongifolius Halle 1927 with well-preserved cuticles showing the epidermal anatomy are here described from the upper Permian Xuanwei Formation of Yunnan Province, Southwest China. The cuticles show a clear differentiation into costal and intercostal zones; stomata are confined to the intercostal zones on both the upper and lower leaf surfaces. The external morphology and the epidermal anatomy of these fossil leaves are closely comparable with those of extant cycads, particularly members of the family Zamiaceae.

A LATE CRETACEOUS PLANT ASSEMBLAGE FROM EAST-CENTRAL BRITISH COLUMBIA: I, FOSSIL LEAVES

1967 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1185-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spores And Pollen ◽  
East Central ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Plant Assemblage ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Leaf compressions, spores, and pollen grains referrable to about 45 species were collected from a series of fine silts and coal stringers in the Parsnip River valley of the Rocky Mountain Trench. The leaf assemblage described in this paper indicates a late Maestrichtian to Danian age, somewhat younger than generally comparable assemblages previously reported from the lower part of the Edmonton Formation of Alberta, and from the Hell Creek, Lance, and Fox Hills Formations in the western interior of the United States. It also contains several species reported from the Nanaimo Group on eastern Vancouver Island. Plant microfossils (to be described in a later paper) include species of Glyptostrobus, Sciadopitys, Aquilapollenites, Pistillipollenites, Alnus, Myrica, Tilia, Pterocarya, and Carya, together with tricolpate pollen of uncertain affiliation. The combined leaf and microfossil assemblages indicate a warm mesothermal and humid paleoecological setting of low relief, suggesting absence of major mountain ranges westward to the Pacific Ocean.

Fossil flowers and leaves of the Ebenaceae from the Eocene of southern Australia

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 1825-1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Basinger ◽  
David C. Christophel
Keyword(s):  
Guard Cells ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Late Tertiary ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fossil Flowers ◽  
Subsidiary Cells ◽  
Clay Lenses ◽  
Coal Measures

Numerous flowers and a diverse assemblage of leaves are mummified in clay lenses in the base of the Demons Bluff Formation overlying the Eastern View Coal Measures. Fossil localities occur in the Alcoa of Australia open cut near Anglesea, Victoria, Australia. Flowers are tubular, less than 10 mm long, and about 5 mm wide. Four sepals are connate forming a cup-shaped calyx. Four petals are fused in their basal third and alternate with sepals. Flowers are all unisexual and staminate. Stamens are epipetalous and consistently 16 in number, arranged in 8 radial pairs. Pollen is subprolate, tricolporate, and about 32 μm in diameter. The exine is smooth to slightly scabrate. A rudimentary ovary occurs in some flowers. Sepals usually have a somewhat textureless abaxial cuticle with actinocytic stomata. Some sepals, however, have frill-like cuticular thickenings over some abaxial epidermal cells and some subsidiary cells with pronounced papillae overarching guard cells. One of the more common leaf types found associated with the flowers is characterized by the same peculiar cuticular thickenings and overarching papillae on subsidiary cells that occur on sepals. This cuticular similarity indicates that flowers and leaves represent a single taxon. Leaves are highly variable in size and shape but are consistently entire margined, with pinnate, brochidodromous venation. The suite of features characterizing the flowers is unique to the Ebenaceae. Flowers of many extant species of Diospyros (Ebenaceae) closely resemble the fossil flowers. Fossil leaves, too, are typical of leaves of extant Diospyros. Both flowers and leaves are considered conspecific and have been assigned the name Austrodiospyros cryptostoma gen. et sp. nov. The Anglesea fossils represent one of the earliest well-documented occurrences of the Ebenaceae and are the earliest known remains of Ebenaceae from Australia. They support the hypothesis of a Gondwanan origin for the family with late Tertiary diversification in the Malesian region.

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