scholarly journals Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziming Xuan ◽  
Jason G. Blanchette ◽  
Toben F. Nelson ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Thien H. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Lower State ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving

Xuan, Z., Blanchette, J., Nelson, T., Heeren, T., Nguyen, T., & Naimi, T. (2015). Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 4(2), 119-130. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v4i2.205Aims: To test the hypotheses that stronger policy environments are associated with less impaired driving and that driving-orientedand drinking-oriented policy subgroups are independently associated with impaired driving.Design: State-level data on 29 policies in 50 states from 2001-2009 were used as lagged exposures in generalized linearregression models to predict self-reported impaired driving.Setting: Fifty United States and Washington, D.C.Participants: A total of 1,292,245 adults (≥ 18 years old) biennially from 2002–2010.Measures: Alcohol Policy Scale scores representing the alcohol policy environment were created by summing policies weightedby their efficacy and degree of implementation by state-year. Past-30-day alcohol-impaired driving from 2002–2010 wasobtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys.Findings: Higher Alcohol Policy Scale scores are strongly associated with lower state-level prevalence and individual-level risk of impaired driving. After accounting for driving-oriented policies, drinking-oriented policies had a robust independent association with reduced likelihood of impaired driving. Reduced binge drinking mediates the relationship between drinking-oriented policies and impaired driving, and driving-oriented policies reduce the likelihood of impaired driving among binge drinkers.Conclusions: Efforts to reduce alcohol-impaired driving should focus on reducing excessive drinking in addition to preventing driving among those who are impaired.

scholarly journals Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Ziming Xuan ◽  
Jason G. Blanchette ◽  
Toben F. Nelson ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Thien H. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Lower State ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving

Xuan, Z., Blanchette, J., Nelson, T., Heeren, T., Nguyen, T., & Naimi, T. (2015). Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 4(2), 119-130. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v4i2.205Aims: To test the hypotheses that stronger policy environments are associated with less impaired driving and that driving-orientedand drinking-oriented policy subgroups are independently associated with impaired driving.Design: State-level data on 29 policies in 50 states from 2001-2009 were used as lagged exposures in generalized linearregression models to predict self-reported impaired driving.Setting: Fifty United States and Washington, D.C.Participants: A total of 1,292,245 adults (≥ 18 years old) biennially from 2002–2010.Measures: Alcohol Policy Scale scores representing the alcohol policy environment were created by summing policies weightedby their efficacy and degree of implementation by state-year. Past-30-day alcohol-impaired driving from 2002–2010 wasobtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys.Findings: Higher Alcohol Policy Scale scores are strongly associated with lower state-level prevalence and individual-level risk of impaired driving. After accounting for driving-oriented policies, drinking-oriented policies had a robust independent association with reduced likelihood of impaired driving. Reduced binge drinking mediates the relationship between drinking-oriented policies and impaired driving, and driving-oriented policies reduce the likelihood of impaired driving among binge drinkers.Conclusions: Efforts to reduce alcohol-impaired driving should focus on reducing excessive drinking in addition to preventing driving among those who are impaired.

scholarly journals Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Ziming Xuan ◽  
Jason G. Blanchette ◽  
Toben F. Nelson ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Thien H. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Lower State ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving

Xuan, Z., Blanchette, J., Nelson, T., Heeren, T., Nguyen, T., & Naimi, T. (2015). Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 4(2), 119-130. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v4i2.205Aims: To test the hypotheses that stronger policy environments are associated with less impaired driving and that driving-orientedand drinking-oriented policy subgroups are independently associated with impaired driving.Design: State-level data on 29 policies in 50 states from 2001-2009 were used as lagged exposures in generalized linearregression models to predict self-reported impaired driving.Setting: Fifty United States and Washington, D.C.Participants: A total of 1,292,245 adults (≥ 18 years old) biennially from 2002–2010.Measures: Alcohol Policy Scale scores representing the alcohol policy environment were created by summing policies weightedby their efficacy and degree of implementation by state-year. Past-30-day alcohol-impaired driving from 2002–2010 wasobtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys.Findings: Higher Alcohol Policy Scale scores are strongly associated with lower state-level prevalence and individual-level risk of impaired driving. After accounting for driving-oriented policies, drinking-oriented policies had a robust independent association with reduced likelihood of impaired driving. Reduced binge drinking mediates the relationship between drinking-oriented policies and impaired driving, and driving-oriented policies reduce the likelihood of impaired driving among binge drinkers.Conclusions: Efforts to reduce alcohol-impaired driving should focus on reducing excessive drinking in addition to preventing driving among those who are impaired.

scholarly journals Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Ziming Xuan ◽  
Jason G. Blanchette ◽  
Toben F. Nelson ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Thien H. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Lower State ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving

Xuan, Z., Blanchette, J., Nelson, T., Heeren, T., Nguyen, T., & Naimi, T. (2015). Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 4(2), 119-130. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v4i2.205Aims: To test the hypotheses that stronger policy environments are associated with less impaired driving and that driving-orientedand drinking-oriented policy subgroups are independently associated with impaired driving.Design: State-level data on 29 policies in 50 states from 2001-2009 were used as lagged exposures in generalized linearregression models to predict self-reported impaired driving.Setting: Fifty United States and Washington, D.C.Participants: A total of 1,292,245 adults (≥ 18 years old) biennially from 2002–2010.Measures: Alcohol Policy Scale scores representing the alcohol policy environment were created by summing policies weightedby their efficacy and degree of implementation by state-year. Past-30-day alcohol-impaired driving from 2002–2010 wasobtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys.Findings: Higher Alcohol Policy Scale scores are strongly associated with lower state-level prevalence and individual-level risk of impaired driving. After accounting for driving-oriented policies, drinking-oriented policies had a robust independent association with reduced likelihood of impaired driving. Reduced binge drinking mediates the relationship between drinking-oriented policies and impaired driving, and driving-oriented policies reduce the likelihood of impaired driving among binge drinkers.Conclusions: Efforts to reduce alcohol-impaired driving should focus on reducing excessive drinking in addition to preventing driving among those who are impaired.

scholarly journals Alcohol policies, firearm policies, and suicide in the United States: a lagged cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon M. Coleman ◽  
Marlene C. Lira ◽  
Jason Blanchette ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Timothy S. Naimi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol Policies

Abstract Background Alcohol and firearms are commonly involved in suicide in the United States. State alcohol and firearm policies may impact alcohol and firearm related suicide, yet little is known about these relationships. This study examines relationships between state alcohol and firearm policies and suicides involving alcohol, guns, or both, and explores interactive policy associations. Methods Alcohol policies were assessed with the Alcohol Policy Scale. Firearm policies were assessed using the Gun Law Scorecard from Giffords Law Center. Suicide data from the National Violent Death Reporting System in 2015 covered 22 states. State- and individual-level GEE Poisson and logistic regression models assessed relationships between policies and firearm- and/or alcohol-involved suicides with a 1-year lag. Results In 2015, there were 8996 suicide deaths with blood alcohol concentration test results in the 22 included states. Of those deaths, alcohol and/or firearms were involved in 5749 or 63.9%. Higher alcohol and gun law scores were associated with reduced incidence rates and odds of suicides involving either alcohol or firearms (adjusted incidence rate ratios [IRR] 0.72 (95% CI 0.63, 0.83) for alcohol policies, 0.86 (95% CI 0.82, 0.90) for firearm policies). Relationships were similar for suicides involving both alcohol and firearms, and there was an interactive effect, such that states with restrictive policies for both had the lowest rates of suicides involving alcohol or guns. Conclusions More restrictive alcohol and firearm policies are associated with lower rates and odds of suicides involving alcohol or firearms, and alcohol and firearms, and may be a promising means by which to reduce suicide.

Deterrence and prevention of alcohol-impaired driving in Australia, the United States, and Norway

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale E. Berger ◽  
John R. Snortum ◽  
Ross J. Homel ◽  
Ragnar Hauge ◽  
Wendy Loxley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving

scholarly journals Enforcement of Alcohol-Impaired Driving Laws in the United States: A National Survey of State and Local Agencies

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darin J. Erickson ◽  
Kian Farbakhsh ◽  
Traci L. Toomey ◽  
Kathleen M. Lenk ◽  
Rhonda Jones-Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Agencies

Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol-Impaired Driving in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole T. Flowers ◽  
Timothy S. Naimi ◽  
Robert D. Brewer ◽  
Randy W. Elder ◽  
Ruth A. Shults ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving

scholarly journals Perceptions of alcohol-impaired driving and the blood alcohol concentration standard in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Eby ◽  
Lisa J. Molnar ◽  
Lidia P. Kostyniuk ◽  
Renée M. St. Louis ◽  
Nicole Zanier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving
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