Are hand-raised flying-foxes (Pteropus conspicillatus) better learners than wild-raised ones in an operant conditioning situation?

2011 ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitta Flick ◽  
Hugh Spencer ◽  
Rick van der Zwan
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Flying Foxes ◽  
Conditioning Situation

Response Patterning in the Operant-Conditioning Situation with Twenty-Four-Hour Intertrial Interval

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Davis ◽  
Bobby R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Intertrial Interval ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Operant Conditioning Chamber ◽  
Single Alternation ◽  
Conditioning Chamber ◽  
Conditioning Situation ◽  
Double Alternation ◽  
Sequential Hypothesis ◽  
Response Patterning

16 female, albino rats served as Ss in an investigation of performance on single and double-alternation sequences of reward-nonreward. Ss were run in an operant conditioning chamber with a 24-hr. intenrial interval. The results indicated that Ss receiving the single-alternation reward-nonreward sequence learned to respond appropriately, i.e., fast on reward days, slow on nonreward days, while Ss run under the double-alternation sequence did not exhibit appropriate responding. The results are seen as being supportive of Capaldi's sequential hypothesis.

Dominance among Captive Red-Winged Blackbirds (Agelaius Phoeniceus) in a Competitive/Cooperative Situation

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Potential Usefulness ◽  
Agelaius Phoeniceus ◽  
Food Hopper ◽  
Dominance Behavior ◽  
Conditioning Situation ◽  
Cooperative Tasks

8 pairs of male red-winged blackbirds were tested in an operant conditioning situation wherein both the response perch and food hopper were freely available to both members of a pair. It was observed that familiarization with a territory and epaulet visibility are not critical to maintenance of dominance in reproductively inactive birds. The potential usefulness of competitive/cooperative tasks for the study of dominance behavior is discussed.

Reinforcement Schedule, Intertrial Activity, and Verbal Operant Conditioning

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1037-1040
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. David ◽  
T. E. Dielman
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Correct Response ◽  
Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
Reinforcement Schedules ◽  
Conditioning Situation ◽  
Completion Task ◽  
Verbal Operant

An investigation of the effect of different reinforcement schedules (RS) upon conditioning and awareness in a verbal operant conditioning situation (VOC). 40 Ss were given Taffel's sentence-completion task with one-half of Ss given an intertrial color-naming task (ICN). Ss were placed on a 100%, 66%, 33%, or 0% RS for Trials 11–100, with no reinforcement given during Trials 101 to 150. The 100% and 66% RS groups showed conditioning of “I-we” responses ( p < .01) and a decrease in the correct response during extinction ( p < .01). The 33% RS group failed to condition ( p > .05). ICN had no effect upon VOC or awareness as measured by Dulany's post-conditioning interview ( p > .05).

A Study of Social Transmission in Juvenile Dicentrarchus Labrax (Pisces, Serranidae), in an Operant Conditioning Situation

Behaviour ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Anthouard
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Adaptive Behaviour ◽  
Conditioning Situation

Abstractjuvenile Dicentrarchus labrax having achieved good or poor performance in a task involving pushing a lever to obtain food served as demonstrators for conspecifics naive to the task. The results show that fish exposed to good demonstrators were subsequently more likely to engage in the same operant act than same-aged fish that observed poor demonstrators. Thus the development of traditions is shown to be possible in small groups of fish of the same age, originating in the appearance of a novel, adaptive behaviour by certain innovative individuals.

A Note on Generalization by Schizophrenics

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
James R. Morris ◽  
John E. Hannon ◽  
Michael Dinoff
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Conditioning Situation ◽  
Conditioning Experiment ◽  
Interaction Behavior

Six chronic, regressed schizophrenic Ss who had been identified as “poor” generalizers in an earlier operant conditioning experiment designed to foster interaction behavior, e.g., other-oriented speech, were Ss. By partially reinstating the cues from the original operant conditioning situation, generalization of interaction behavior appeared in five of the six Ss.

A Test of the Small-Trials Partial Reinforcement Extinction Effect in an Operant Conditioning Situation

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 803-808
Author(s):  
Laurence Miller ◽  
Cindy Reas
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Operant Chamber ◽  
Straight Alley ◽  
Behavioral Momentum ◽  
Magazine Training ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Partial Reinforcement Extinction Effect ◽  
Conditioning Situation ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Two Measures

Following familiarization and magazine training, three groups of rats received either: (1) four food pellets for each of four lever-presses, (2) food for only the first and third lever-presses, or (3) food for only the second and fourth lever-presses. Responding was then extinguished. There were no significant differences between the groups in number of lever presses during extinction or time to extinguish and no significant correlations between these two measures and the number of pellets received during magazine training or the elapsed time to emit the four lever-presses. These data contradict the small-trials partial reinforcement extinction effect commonly reported with the straight alley. However, these data are consistent with those recently reported by Nevin (1985) and with his concept of behavioral momentum, which may apply to the operant chamber but not to the runway.

Response and Reinforcement in Operant Audiometry

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Primus
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Space Versus ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Operant Discrimination ◽  
Conditioning Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simple Detection ◽  
Variable Success ◽  
Response Task

Variable success in audiometric assessment of young children with operant conditioning indicates the need for systematic examination of commonly employed techniques. The current study investigated response and reinforcement features of two operant discrimination paradigms with normal I7-month-old children. Findings indicated more responses prior to the onset of habituation when the response task was based on complex central processing skills (localization and coordination of auditory/visual space) versus simple detection. Use of animation in toy reinforcers resulted in more than a twofold increase in the number of subject responses. Results showed no significant difference in response conditioning rate or consistency for the response tasks and forms of reinforcement examined.

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