Attitudes towards wildlife conservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan C. Fabian ◽  
Amelia S. Cook ◽  
Julie M. Old
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Acanthaster Planci ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Alectura Lathami ◽  
People’S Attitudes

People's attitudes towards the conservation of Australian wildlife is of particular importance as the types of attitudes people hold can have a significant impact on conservation solutions. We investigated attitudes held towards Australian wildlife and conservation solutions. A sample of 312 residents participated in an online questionnaire. An ‘ecoscientistic’ attitude was the most commonly held attitude, highlighting that wildlife are appreciated for the role they play within our ecosystem. There was a significant association between age and attitude towards Koala Phascolarctos cinereus and Crownof-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci conservation and a significant association between socio-economic status and attitude towards Brush-turkey Alectura lathami conservation. Most participants agreed that action should be taken towards wildlife conservation in the future. Conservation managers and other key stakeholders need to capitalise on this information to increase public support for Australian wildlife, and encourage conservation action. Significant associations between attitude and some sociodemographic characteristics were observed, however more research between attitude and sociodemographic associations is recommended, including in other regions of Australia and internationally.

Do Australians have the willingness to participate in wildlife conservation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-584
Author(s):  
Megan C. Fabian ◽  
Amelia S. Cook ◽  
Julie M. Old
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Impact

People's behaviour towards the conservation of Australian wildlife is important, because people's actions are the main causative factor associated with the demise and future recovery of wildlife conservation. We investigated the type and prevalence of behaviour performed by NSW residents towards wildlife conservation, investigate participants’ willingness to perform conservation behaviours in the future, and identify the barriers preventing people from engaging in conservation action. New South Wales (NSW) residents (n=312) participated in an online questionnaire in a cross-sectional study. Overall, participants’ intention to engage, and rates of actual participation, in conservation behaviours was low. The latter was mostly due to lack of time, money, knowledge, and the impact of health and fitness levels. The knowledge gained from this study can be harnessed to inform future policy and management decisions, design interventions to change conservation behaviours, and provides a foundation for further enquiry into the ‘human dimensions of wildlife’. There remains a wildlife conservation ‘attitude-intention-action gap’, where we are limited with our knowledge on how to transform pro-conservation attitudes into conservation action, which warrants further research.

scholarly journals SWK-07. A MULTINATIONAL SURVEY OF PAEDIATRIC NEURO-ONCOLOGY SERVICES: A EUROPEAN RESEARCH NETWORK (ERN) PAEDCAN PROJECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii465-iii466
Author(s):  
Katherine Cooper ◽  
Barry Pizer ◽  
Steven Lane ◽  
Stefan Rutkowski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Proton Beam Therapy ◽  
Paediatric Oncology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Patient Advice

Abstract BACKGROUND Brain tumours are clinically and biologically highly diverse and account for 25% of paediatric neoplasms. They carry the highest mortality and morbidity of tumour groups. Their management presents significant challenges with performing modern diagnostic assessments, applying multimodal treatment and establishing interdisciplinary cooperation. Outcomes across Europe differ significantly with varying 5year survival reports of 42–79%. This SIOP-Europe PaedCan survey assessed the structures and facilities for individual states and highlight areas for cooperation and support. DESIGN: An online questionnaire was sent to SIOP-Europe Brain Tumour Group members. This had 55 questions assessing pathology, staging, surgery, radiotherapy and paediatric oncology infrastructure. For analysis of the data we divided countries into lower and higher economic status according to GDP (World Bank 2019) with a cut off of $30,100. RESULTS There were 388 respondents from 44 countries in 181 different institutions. In the lower GDP group we noted decreased access to biological characterisation of tumours and interdisciplinary tumour boards. In this group of nations, patients were less likely to have treatment by a paediatric specialist neurosurgeon, paediatric neuro-oncologist, neuroradiologist, and paediatric radiation oncologist. There was also less availability to perform early MRI (ventilated) and less access to proton beam therapy. This study supports the aim of the ERN to produce a roadmap document with specific standards and publish guidelines for all relevant diagnostic and therapeutic components of care. The ERN also aims to identify a network of institutions to provide patient advice and training to equalise treatment and outcomes for all children across Europe.

scholarly journals A comprehensive analysis on cigarettes smoking and its determinants in Bangladesh using logistic regression model

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Afrin Sadia Rumana ◽  
Asia Khatun ◽  
Sukanta Das
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Household Economic Status

Background: In Bangladesh, smoking is one of the leading preventable causes of death. Despite possessing knowledge about the consequences of smoking and the resultant non-communicable diseases, individuals have become considerably habituated to it. The study aims to identify the factors associated with smoking cigarettes and as well as to examine the existing situation of this issue among adult males in Bangladesh.Methods: Total 480 adult males were surveyed from Bangladesh through personal interview and online questionnaire, (from June 2018 to June 2019). To measure the effect of the explanatory variables on cigarettes smoking, authors perform χ2 test of independence as bivariate analysis. After performing bivariate analysis, a logistic regression analysis has been performed to assess the effect of the explanatory variables.Results: Findings of the study revealed that educational level, household economic status, media exposure, division have significant contribution for smoking cigarettes among the adult male in Bangladesh. A comparison of religious affiliation showed smoking cigarettes to be higher among non-muslim counterparts. Respondents living in rural area are found to have smoking cigarettes comparing with urban area.Conclusions: From the study it can be concluded that education and socio-economic status of male make a significant contribution in cigarettes smoking.

scholarly journals Daylight saving time can decrease the frequency of wildlife–vehicle collisions

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 20160632 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Ellis ◽  
Sean I. FitzGibbon ◽  
Benjamin J. Barth ◽  
Amanda C. Niehaus ◽  
Gwendolyn K. David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Traffic Patterns ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Daylight Saving Time ◽  
Daylight Saving ◽  
Southeast Queensland

Daylight saving time (DST) could reduce collisions with wildlife by changing the timing of commuter traffic relative to the behaviour of nocturnal animals. To test this idea, we tracked wild koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus ) in southeast Queensland, where koalas have declined by 80% in the last 20 years, and compared their movements with traffic patterns along roads where they are often killed. Using a simple model, we found that DST could decrease collisions with koalas by 8% on weekdays and 11% at weekends, simply by shifting the timing of traffic relative to darkness. Wildlife conservation and road safety should become part of the debate on DST.

Confronting the unprecedented: micro and small businesses in the age of coronavirus disease 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bressan ◽  
Abel Duarte Alonso ◽  
Seng Kiat Kok
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Key Stakeholders

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to understand how micro and small firms are navigating through the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) threat, and the alternatives they are implementing to coexist with the ongoing crisis. To this end, Italy's socioeconomically and traditionally significant wine industry is examined. The study considers insights of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and develops a theoretical framework, which proposes various emerging theoretical dimensions, including proactiveness, support-reliance and resourcefulness.Design/methodology/approachWinery owners–managers were contacted and invited to partake in the study completing an online questionnaire. Overall, 167 useable responses were collected.FindingsWhile facing the loss of vital income through decreasing demand and exports, participants resort to exploiting various initiatives, including “reinventing” their firms. Their observations also recognise the vital supporting role of various key stakeholders, first and foremost family members, as well as clients and staff. Concerning how owners-managers envision managing their firm post-COVID-19, two predominant groups are identified, one strongly favouring modern-day alternatives, and the second committing to the firm's traditional business model. Overall, the different predictors of the TPB, namely attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control emerged.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first that empirically analyses micro and small firms in a socioeconomically and traditionally significant industry during an unprecedented event. In addition, the proposed theoretical framework provides a roadmap and guide to examine, understand and assimilate the entrepreneurial journey through a devastating event.

scholarly journals School Food Policies Related to Soft Drink and Fruit Juice Consumption as a Function of Education Type in Flanders, Belgium

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2718
Author(s):  
Francisca Marro ◽  
Peter Bottenberg ◽  
Wolfgang Jacquet ◽  
Luc Martens
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
School Food ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Food Policies ◽  
Acidic Beverages

Recent data on erosive tooth wear (ETW) in Belgium have associated a vocational/technical type of education with ETW risk. Since the role of schools is essential to the promotion of healthy diets, this study aimed to investigate school food policies (SFP) related to soft drink and fruit juice consumption and to detect differences among schools in Flanders, Belgium (BE-F). An online questionnaire related to the control of acidic beverages and promotion of healthy drinking habits was sent to all Flemish secondary schools. For analysis, schools (n = 275) were grouped by type of education (vocational secondary education (VSE) and general secondary education (GSE)), and by socioeconomic status. Multiple factor analyses (MFA) were performed to identify schools with a similar SFP profile. Additionally, descriptive analyses were performed to determine other associations. Overall, 44% of schools in BE-F claimed to have written SFP related to the consumption of soft drinks. SFP expressly prohibiting or limiting acidic beverages were significantly more frequent in GSE schools (p < 0.05), where a higher economic status was present. This study shows that a considerable group of schools in BE-F have no or incomplete rules concerning acidic beverage consumption. Such rules differ between types of education, with VSE schools reporting less control regarding the consumption of drinks.

Neither the public nor experts judge species primarily on their origins

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENÉ VAN DER WAL ◽  
ANKE FISCHER ◽  
SEBASTIAN SELGE ◽  
BRENDON M. H. LARSON
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
The Public ◽  
Species Origin ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Species Management ◽  
People’S Attitudes

SUMMARYIn contemporary environmental conservation, species are judged in terms of their origin (‘nativeness’), as well as their behaviour and impacts (‘invasiveness’). In many instances, however, the term ‘non-native’ has been used as a proxy for harmfulness, implying the need for control. Some scientists have attempted to discourage this practice, on the grounds that it is inappropriate and counterproductive to judge species on their origin alone. However, to date, no empirical data exist on the degree to which nativeness in itself (that is, a species’ origin) shapes people's attitudes towards management interventions in practice. This study addresses this void, demonstrating empirically that both the public and invasive species professionals largely ignore a species’ origin when evaluating the need for conservation action. Through a questionnaire-based survey of the general public and invasive species experts in both Scotland and Canada, the study revealed that perceived abundance and damage to nature and the economy, rather than non-nativeness, informed attitudes towards species management, empirically substantiating the claim that a species’ perceived abundance and impact, and not its origin, is what really matters to most people. Natural resource management should thus focus explicitly on impact-related criteria, rather than on a species’ origin.

Baby-Led-Weaning (BLW) from maternal perspective: Polish experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Barbara Poniedziałek ◽  
Natalia Paszkowiak ◽  
Piotr Rzymski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Maternal Experience ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Polish Experience ◽  
Sensory Learning

Background. Baby-Led-Weaning (BLW) is increasingly popular as a complementary feeding practice although its safety, limitations and advantages have not been widely studied as yet. Material and Methods. The present survey employed an anonymous online questionnaire to learn from experience (their concerns, perceived advantages, disadvantages, and overall satisfaction) of Polish mothers (n = 373) that adopted BLW.Results. Most of surveyed mothers adopting BLW had tertiary education and good economic status, and inhabited urban areas. Non-scientific online resources were the most important source of knowledge on BLW; none of surveyed mentioned healthcare professionals as having played any role in this respect. The risk of choking was the greatest concern expressed while considering the BLW prospect. At least one choking event during B:W adoption was reported by 55.6%, mostly involving an apple, occurring at beginning of introduction, and perceived as non-serious. The BLW advantages included: (i) promotion of infant self-reliance, motor skills, biting and chewing of food and speech), sensory learning of food, and (ii) motivation to eat family meals and make more healthier dietary choices. The greatest disadvantage was an in-house mess. Nearly all mothers recommended the BLW adoption to other caregivers.Conclusion. In view of the scarcity of data on this feeding practice, the maternal experience demonstrated in the present study may offer valuable information for health professionals as well as future caregivers who consider the adoption of BLW to be a complementary feeding practice.

Getting over yuck: moving from psychological to cultural and sociotechnical analyses of responses to water recycling

Water Policy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Russell ◽  
Colleen Lux
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Sociotechnical Systems ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Opportunities To Learn ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Cultural Explanation ◽  
People’S Attitudes

Discussion of public reactions to water recycling is now framed around the idea of a ‘yuck factor’: advocates tend to assume an emotional response is the primary determinant of people's attitudes to reuse and they despair of people accepting rational arguments on its merits. Academic and consultancy work in the area has been dominated by particular work from social psychology: theories of disgust, models of attitude causation, and psychometric methods for measuring attitudes and determining the influences on them. This paper questions the models, their assumptions, the methods used to apply and validate them, their implications for change, and the practical consequences of framing the problem this way. It suggests that more fruitful explanations and more effective public engagement both require a shift to a more sociological and cultural explanation, one that examines users’ practices around the sociotechnical systems of providing water and handling waste. The paper concludes there are no compelling arguments or evidence that negative reactions to recycled water cannot change with opportunities to learn about the issues; indeed deliberative consultation mechanisms are essential if people are to reach an informed, reasoned and robust evaluation of the option. The ‘yuck’ discourse is of limited value in explaining public responses and counterproductive in formulating strategies for increasing public support.

Satisfaction with and recommendations to improve telehealth visits among adolescents and young adults with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (28_suppl) ◽  
pp. 280-280
Author(s):  
Maria Chang Swartz ◽  
Michael Roth ◽  
Goldy George ◽  
J. Andrew Andrew Livingston ◽  
Stephanie J. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Video And Audio ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Vaccine Availability

280 Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted morbidity, mortality, and economic status globally. Adolescents and young adults (AYAs, age 15-39) with cancer may experience disparities in access to health care, compounded by social distancing and stay-at-home orders aimed at reducing the spread of COVID-19. The use of telehealth platforms for clinical visits has accelerated rapidly due to policy changes during the pandemic. Telehealth may provide an avenue for accessing healthcare services among AYAs with cancer; yet, there are few data on AYAs’ preferences and satisfaction relating to telehealth. Our study examined telehealth utilization, satisfaction, preferences and future recommendations among AYAs with a cancer diagnosis. Methods: AYAs in active cancer treatment or in post-treatment survivorship completed an online questionnaire that assessed their experience with telehealth, including: satisfaction with the telehealth visit, likelihood of participating in a future telehealth visit, topics participants would like to discuss via telehealth, and open-ended comments regarding suggestions for improving future telehealth visits. Participants were recruited in two cohorts: a pre-vaccine cohort (September 2020 - January 2021) prior to availability of COVID-19 vaccines in Texas; and, a post-vaccine cohort (April 2021 - May 2021) after vaccine availability. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize preliminary findings. Results: Participants included 273 AYAs with cancer (mean age, 33.8 years old, 26% male, 73% non-Hispanic White, 11% in active treatment, 53% in post-vaccine cohort). Of 71.7% who participated in at least one telehealth visit, 50.9% were somewhat or very satisfied with their visit(s). Topics that all participants preferred to address via telehealth included: stress management (34%); sleep quality (31.7%); diet/nutrition (32.1%); and mental health (29.5%).Topics least preferred for telehealth included fertility counseling (16.7%) and sexual health (13.7%). Open-ended comments from participants highlighted the importance of healthcare providers taking time to listen to their concerns during their visits. Participants suggested that telehealth encounters can be improved by ensuring adequate time for the visit plus good video and audio quality, and using telehealth for follow-up visits rather than initial consultations. Conclusions: About half of AYAs who had participated in a telehealth visit indicated satisfaction with the visit(s). Findings indicated AYAs’ preferences for the types of topics that are most and least preferred to address in telehealth visits, as well as specific recommendations for improving the quality of visits. Consideration of AYAs’ preferences and recommendations in the ongoing implementation of telehealth may help improve patient satisfaction.

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