scholarly journals On the Alternative Structures for a Three-Grade Markov Manpower System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent A. Amenaghawon ◽  
Virtue U. Ekhosuehi ◽  
Augustine A. Osagiede
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Structures ◽  
Manpower System

scholarly journals Non-B DNA Secondary Structures and Their Resolution by RecQ Helicases

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Secondary Structures ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Dna Helicases ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Recq Helicases ◽  
Alternative Structures ◽  
Dna Secondary Structures ◽  
Secondary Dna Structures

In addition to the canonical B-form structure first described by Watson and Crick, DNA can adopt a number of alternative structures. These non-B-form DNA secondary structures form spontaneously on tracts of repeat sequences that are abundant in genomes. In addition, structured forms of DNA with intrastrand pairing may arise on single-stranded DNA produced transiently during various cellular processes. Such secondary structures have a range of biological functions but also induce genetic instability. Increasing evidence suggests that genomic instabilities induced by non-B DNA secondary structures result in predisposition to diseases. Secondary DNA structures also represent a new class of molecular targets for DNA-interactive compounds that might be useful for targeting telomeres and transcriptional control. The equilibrium between the duplex DNA and formation of multistranded non-B-form structures is partly dependent upon the helicases that unwind (resolve) these alternate DNA structures. With special focus on tetraplex, triplex, and cruciform, this paper summarizes the incidence of non-B DNA structures and their association with genomic instability and emphasizes the roles of RecQ-like DNA helicases in genome maintenance by resolution of DNA secondary structures. In future, RecQ helicases are anticipated to be additional molecular targets for cancer chemotherapeutics.

scholarly journals Impact of a Single Nucleotide Change or Non-Nucleoside Modifications in G-Rich Region on the Quadruplex–Duplex Hybrid Formation

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Dorota Gudanis ◽  
Karolina Zielińska ◽  
Daniel Baranowski ◽  
Ryszard Kierzek ◽  
Piotr Kozłowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Sequence ◽  
Rich Region ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Alternative Structures ◽  
Single Nucleotide Change ◽  
G Quadruplex ◽  
Quadruplex Formation ◽  
Target Rna ◽  
Insight Into

In this paper, a method to discriminate between two target RNA sequences that differ by one nucleotide only is presented. The method relies on the formation of alternative structures, i.e., quadruplex–duplex hybrid (QDH) and duplex with dangling ends (Dss), after hybridization of DNA or RNA G-rich oligonucleotides with target sequences containing 5′–GGGCUGG–3′ or 5′–GGGCGGG–3′ fragments. Using biophysical methods, we studied the effect of oligonucleotide types (DNA, RNA), non-nucleotide modifications (aliphatic linkers or abasic), and covalently attached G4 ligand on the ability of G-rich oligonucleotides to assemble a G-quadruplex motif. We demonstrated that all examined non-nucleotide modifications could mimic the external loops in the G-quadruplex domain of QDH structures without affecting their stability. Additionally, some modifications, in particular the presence of two abasic residues in the G-rich oligonucleotide, can induce the formation of non-canonical QDH instead of the Dss structure upon hybridization to a target sequence containing the GGGCUGG motif. Our results offer new insight into the sequential requirements for the formation of G-quadruplexes and provide important data on the effects of non-nucleotide modifications on G-quadruplex formation.

On the limiting behaviour of a non-homogeneous Markovian manpower model with independent Poisson input

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-C. G. Vassiliou
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Homogeneous Markov Chain ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Poisson Random Variable ◽  
Poisson Input ◽  
Manpower System ◽  
Limiting Behaviour ◽  
Mutually Independent

We study the limiting behaviour of a manpower system where the non-homogeneous Markov chain model proposed by Young and Vassiliou (1974) is applicable. This is done in the cases where the input is a time-homogeneous and time-inhomogeneous Poisson random variable. It is also found that the number in the various grades are asymptotically mutually independent Poisson variates.

Alternative structures for water rights markets

1983 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wayland Eheart ◽  
Randolph M. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Water Rights ◽  
Alternative Structures

Geopolitical Challenges

The Hijaz ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 207-278
Author(s):  
Malik R. Dahlan
Keyword(s):  
New Order ◽  
United Arab Republic ◽  
Alternative Structures ◽  
New States ◽  
Arab League ◽  
Regional Organisation ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Mandate System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second World

This geopolitical Chapter covers the impact of decolonization on Arab statehood and the challenge to accept the new order. It includes a discussion on the revival and reform of Arab self-determination after the mandate system was submerged. It gives an overview of independence and models of statehood. It describes the emergence of new states after the Second World War including: Saudi Arabia, the liberal monarchy model; Iran and Turkey, the secular western models. This Chapter also discusses failed attempts at regional organisation - ‘Arab disorganization’- including the United Arab Republic, the short-lived political union between Syria and Egypt between 1958 and 1961. Existing attempts at international Islamic organization in the form of the League of Arab States (now the Arab League) and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) are also discussed here. The common theme being a recognition of the importance of governance and of the Islamic worldview but ultimately a failure to unite and provide alternative structures to effectively compete with inherited Westphalian structures. In a chronological progression it covers the Cold War era leading up to the Mujahideen in Afghanistan, Taliban, Al-Qaida and Daesh neo medievalism.

scholarly journals The D1-V185N mutation alters substrate water exchange by stabilizing alternative structures of the Mn4Ca-cluster in photosystem II

2021 ◽  
Vol 1862 (1) ◽  
pp. 148319
Author(s):  
Casper de Lichtenberg ◽  
Anton P. Avramov ◽  
Minquan Zhang ◽  
Fikret Mamedov ◽  
Robert L. Burnap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Alternative Structures
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