scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis in order to Select the Reasonably Practical Risk Reduction Measures(RRMs) on High Pressure Urban Gas Pipelines

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Young-Don Ryou ◽  
Young-Seob Kim ◽  
Su-Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Risk Reduction Measures

Costing for ALARP

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirous F. Yasseri ◽  
Peter Menhennett
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Risk Reduction Measure ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Design Options ◽  
The Cost

A key principle for achieving Tolerable Risk under the UK Health and Safety Executive’s (HSE) approach is the reduction of risks to “As Low As Reasonably Practicable” or ALARP. This principle is founded on the ideal of reducing risks to a point of diminishing returns where additional risk reduction would cost “disproportionally” more than the risk reduction benefit achieved. The HSE approach of estimating the degree of disproportionality between the cost and benefits associated with a potential risk reduction measure is a variation of the Cost Effectiveness approach to ALARP Evaluation. A probabilistic cost-benefit analysis method is outlined for evaluating design options and establishing whether the conditions of ALARP are met. This paper demonstrates the value of probabilistic cost-benefit analysis for the selection of a target safety level and also presents an example of its practical application by way of a case history.

scholarly journals Optimal Maintenance Decision Method for Urban Gas Pipelines Based on as Low as Reasonably Practicable Principle

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Guojin Qin ◽  
Yihuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
City Gas ◽  
Optimal Maintenance ◽  
Maintenance Decision

In the transportation process of urban gas pipelines, there are various uncontrollable risks and uncertainties possibly leading to the failure of gas pipelines and thereby serious consequences, such as city gas shutdown, nearby casualties, and environmental pollution. To avoid these hazards, numerous studies have been performed in identifying and evaluating the occurrence of risks and uncertainties to pipelines. However, discussions on risk reduction and other maintenance work are scarce; therefore, a scientific method to guide decision making is non-existent, thereby resulting in excessive investment in maintenance and reduced maintenance cost of other infrastructures. Therefore, the as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP) principle combined with optimization theory is used to discuss pipeline maintenance decision-making methods in unacceptable regions and ALARP regions. This paper focuses on the analysis of pipeline risk reduction in the ALARP region and proposes three optimization decision models. The case study shows that maintenance decision making should consider the comprehensive impact of maintenance cost to reduce risk and loss cost caused by pipeline failure, and that the further cost–benefit analysis of measures should be performed. The proposed pipeline maintenance decision-making method is an economical method for pipeline operators to make risk decisions under the premise of pipeline safety, which can improve the effectiveness of the use of maintenance resources.

scholarly journals The Value of Citizen Science for Flood Risk Reduction: Cost-benefit Analysis of a Citizen Observatory in the Brenta-Bacchiglione Catchment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Ferri ◽  
Uta Wehn ◽  
Linda See ◽  
Steffen Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Flood Risk Reduction ◽  
Reduction Cost

Abstract. Citizen observatories are a relatively recent form of citizen science, which involve citizens in making environmental observations over a period of time. These observations can help to inform the decision making of local authorities and other stakeholders, creating a platform for two-way interaction between citizens and public agencies. Although citizen observatories can clearly generate many different benefits, they also have an associated cost. There are currently no examples of quantifying the costs and benefits of citizen observatories in the literature, yet this type of analysis is critical if there is to be real uptake of citizen observatories by public agencies more generally. This paper presents and applies a generic methodology for capturing the value of a citizen observatory for flood risk reduction in the Brenta-Bacchiglione catchment using a cost-benefit analysis. The results show that the benefits of implementing a citizen observatory approach outweigh the costs by approximately 2 to 1 and can reduce the annual expected damage to a greater degree than a much more costly structural approach.

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