scholarly journals The Role of Fusion Mechanism in the Word Formation of Early Turkic Languages and the Etymology of One Kinship Term

2011 ◽  
Vol Volume 6 Issue 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 259-267
Author(s):  
Ayten HACIYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Kinship Term ◽  
Turkic Languages

Niuean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Massam
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Left Periphery ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Noun Incorporation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Theta Role ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure

This book presents a detailed descriptive and theoretical examination of predicate-argument structure in Niuean, a Polynesian language within the Oceanic branch of the Austronesian family, spoken mainly on the Pacific island of Niue and in New Zealand. Niuean has VSO word order and an ergative case-marking system, both of which raise questions for a subject-predicate view of sentence structure. Working within a broadly Minimalist framework, this volume develops an analysis in which syntactic arguments are not merged locally to their thematic sources, but instead are merged high, above an inverted extended predicate which serves syntactically as the Niuean verb, later undergoing movement into the left periphery of the clause. The thematically lowest argument merges as an absolutive inner subject, with higher arguments merging as applicatives. The proposal relates Niuean word order and ergativity to its isolating morphology, by equating the absence of inflection with the absence of IP in Niuean, which impacts many aspects of its grammar. As well as developing a novel analysis of clause and argument structure, word order, ergative case, and theta role assignment, the volume argues for an expanded understanding of subjecthood. Throughout the volume, many other topics are also treated, such as noun incorporation, word formation, the parallel internal structure of predicates and arguments, null arguments, displacement typology, the role of determiners, and the structure of the left periphery.

Teaching Turkic-speaking school students the morphemic structure of the word in the Russian language classes: ethno-cognitive approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Elena A. Zheleznyakova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Word Structure ◽  
Language Classes ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
Group Words ◽  
Linguistic Material

In a modern Russian school, together with Russian-speaking school students, children of migrants study, for most of whom are native Turkic languages. For foreigners, traditional lessons should be supplemented with corrective lessons in Russian as a non-native language, the effectiveness of which will be high provided that an ethno-cognitive approach to teaching is followed. Learning the morphemic structure of a word based on an ethno-cognitive approach is the subject of this study. The aim is to develop methodic recommendations based on the analysis of the features of the morphemic structure of Turkic words, to identify possible difficulties in mastering the morphemic structure of the Russian word by Turkic-speaking students, and to highlight methods and techniques based on the principles of consciousness and the development of students’ cognitive abilities. Two main difficulties in the field of the morphemic word structure for foreign children are highlighted: Russian inflection and morphological ways of word formation: prefix and prefix-suffix. When working with these topics, the teacher should develop students’ ability to think analytically, comparing and identifying the essential features of a linguistic phenomenon, make assumptions and find confirmation for them. Mastering inflection will be more effective if you group words thematically, work according to ready-made patterns and models of inflection, increase the number of tasks “for substitution” and “for replacement”. The following stages of work on concepts are substantiated: analysis of linguistic material and highlighting the main fea-tures of a concept; generalization of signs, establishing a connection between them and introducing the desired term; concretization of concepts based on new linguistic material.

THE ROLE OF PRODUCTIVE WORD-FORMATION MODELS IN COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Диана Григорьевна Акубекова
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Language Classes

В статье освещается проблема использования продуктивных словообразовательных моделей на занятиях иностранного языка. The article presents the problem of using productive word-formation models in foreign language classes.

scholarly journals COMPOUND NOUNS IN GERMAN LANGUAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(78)) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Svitlana Korol
Keyword(s):  
Component Composition ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Regular Growth ◽  
German Language ◽  
New Words ◽  
Plural Form ◽  
Compound Nouns ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Relationship Of

The article deals with one of the most common types of word formation in German as word compounding. Compound nouns have become the object of study, as this part of the language leads the way in the formation of new words in this way. The relevance of the research is reinforced by the fact that German compound nouns differ by their multicomponent structure and are in the process of regular growth of their numbers, so they are attracting the attention of Germanists of different generations continuously. The study has examined the nature of the component composition of composites, the types of bonding between components, the types of constituent components, the role of the connecting element, the syllable’s accentuation of components of the compound noun etc. The compound can be built from nouns, adjectives, verbs or an invariable element (prepositions). There is no limit of the number of the associated words. The last word in the compound always determines the gender and plural form of the compound noun. The connectors or linking elements in existing German compound words often correspond to old case endings (e.g., plural, genitive). These endings expressed the relationship of the compound parts to one another. The article considers the causes of the formation of complex nouns. Compounds make the German language more flexible. In general, compounds are used to convey more information in one word and for reasons of language economy. Special attention deserves such a phenomenon as Denglish. This is the mashing of words from the two languages to create new hybrid words.

scholarly journals Root desemantization as a problem of derivatology (based on the material of derived verbs in Russian dialects)

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-177
Author(s):  
Anatoly F. Zhuravlev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Dialect

In derivatology (in a broader sense, in the theory of nomination), the role of an important factor in the emergence of lexical units — the semantic emptying of root morphemes — is underestimated. The article considers Russian dialect expressive verbs formed by confixation, in which there is no connection between the etymological meaning of the root and the semantics of the derived word. The meaning of such a word is not concentrated in the root, but is transmitted by the word-formation construction as a whole. According to the author, the theoretical ignoring of regular desemantization does not allow achieving adequacy in the description of the principles and mechanisms of nomination.

Motivating an English-German contrast in word-formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Haas
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Relevant Word

Abstract German has a set of nouns which are derived from a combination of a preposition and the reciprocal pronoun einander ‘one another’. Compounds of this type are strikingly absent from English, although all the components that enter the German formations are available in English, as well. This paper takes a closer look at the relevant word-formation patterns, focusing on compounding and different types of conversion, also taking into account the diachrony of reciprocal pronouns (einander in German and each other/one another in English) and the role of morphological schemas. It will be argued that for explaining the lack of English nouns corresponding to the German nouns under discussion contrasts in the history and the grammar of reciprocals are less relevant than (i) the availability of well-entrenched word-formation patterns, and (ii) the more significant role of ‘syntactic conversion’ in German.

Appositive compounds in dialectal and sociolinguistic varieties of French

2020 ◽  
pp. 326-346
Author(s):  
Brigitte L. M. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Different Types

Over the last 100 years, appositive compounding—combining two nouns in apposition—has become one of the most productive word formation processes in French. In an attempt to account for this dramatic spread and building on existing diachronic research, this article examines the occurrence of appositive compounds in non-standard French during the twentieth century, in a number of Gallo-Romance dialects and in Poilu, a sociolect from the early twentieth century, bringing together historical, dialectal, and sociolinguistic data. Analysis includes the identification of the different types of appositive compound and their underlying structure. Moreover word order patterns and their potential geographic correlates will be investigated as well as the role of metaphors and metonymy. Data reflecting geographic variation and sociolinguistic stratification will thus help to determine what factors were at play in the expansion of appositive compounding in contemporary French.

The Role of Word-Formation Families and Subfamilies in the Organization of German Diminutive Compounds

Complex Words ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 293-310
Author(s):  
Wolfgang U. Dressler ◽  
Sonja Schwaiger ◽  
Jutta Ransmayr
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation

Formation features of Persian toponyms

Neophilology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Vusal I. Yuzbashyev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Spatial Concepts ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Formal Element ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Turkic Languages

This research is dedicated to the comprehension toponyms in the Persian language, which have their own formation features. Being a class of nouns, Persian toponyms have a wide variety of formation due to common linguistic processes in this region. It is proved that the spread of the Arabic and the Turkic languages had a huge impact on the formation of Persian toponyms as well as of many adverbs, dialects of the Persian language and its group. Suffixes with spatial meaning, prefixes, words-affixes, which play the critical role in the formation of spatial concepts, emerge. Topography factors are defined, due to what names of natural resources are included in the name of space, religious faiths and traditions of inhabitants, their economic way of life and household are reflected. Four ways of formation of toponyms in the Persian language, created with the help of affixes, are described; toponyms, which are formed by a combination of different words and particles; names, which combine different word formation techniques; toponyms, consisting of names without any formal element.

A morphosemantic investigation of term formation processes in English and Spanish

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Fernández-Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Driven by a shortage of studies on the morphosemantics of word-formation from a contrastive perspective, this article examines 200 English and Spanish terms from the olive oil industry with the aim of shedding light on their linguistic nature. This is achieved by use of a corpus which makes it possible to retrieve the units and their contexts from specialised texts. Besides considering the derivational features of the relevant terminogenesic processes, this investigation considers their semantic characteristics and connects the terms’ formal and meaning aspects. This, in turn, allows observing the close relationship between morphology and semantics in terminological spheres, which is directly linked with the role of these units as a tool for specialised communication. Once the morphosemantic features of the terms have been fully accounted for in English and Spanish individually, a comparison is drawn between the two languages in order to spot and describe similarities and differences.

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