Measurement of Bubble Point Pressures of Zirconium and Hafnium Tetrachloride Mixture for Zirconium Tetrachloride Purification Process

2012 ◽  
pp. 427-429
Author(s):  
Le Quang Minh ◽  
Young Mi Jung ◽  
Gyeong Min Kim ◽  
Moonyong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Purification Process ◽  
Zirconium Tetrachloride ◽  
Bubble Point ◽  
Hafnium Tetrachloride

Pressure Effect on the Kinetics of Reaction Between Solid NaCl and ZrCl4 or HfCl4 Vapors

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (17) ◽  
pp. 2885-2890 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pint ◽  
S. N. Flengas
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Pressure Effect ◽  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Zirconium Tetrachloride ◽  
Hafnium Tetrachloride ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Kinetics Of Reaction ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of reaction between single crystals of sodium chloride and zirconium tetrachloride and hafnium tetrachloride vapors, to form sodium hexachlorozirconate and sodium hexachlorohafnate, respectively, have been investigated as a function of the tetrachloride pressures at a constant temperature of 485 °C. The rate of formation of Na2ZrCl6 is kinetically more favorable. The heterogeneous reaction is diffusion controlled, with the rate of diffusion depending on the availability of Cl− vacancies.

scholarly journals The Vapor Pressures of Zirconium Tetrachloride and Hafnium Tetrachloride

1958 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Palko ◽  
A. D. Ryon ◽  
D. W. Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Zirconium Tetrachloride ◽  
Hafnium Tetrachloride

Analysis of galanthamine and related alkaloids in plant extracts and during the purification process by GC-MS

Planta Medica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Berkov ◽  
C Codina ◽  
F Viladomat ◽  
J Bastida
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Purification Process

PENGARUH PELARUT KLOROFORM DALAM PEMURNIAN GLISEROL DENGAN PROSES ASIDIFIKASI ASAM KLORIDA

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Windi Monica Surbakti ◽  
Gerson Rico M.H ◽  
Mersi Suriani Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Soap Content ◽  
Test Volume ◽  
Base Content ◽  
Water Salt

Glycerol as a byproduct of biodiesel production was approximately formed 10% of the biodiesel weight. Impurities which contained in the glycerol such as catalyst, soap, methanol, water, salt, and matter organic non glycerol (MONG) have a significant effect on the glycerol concentration. So, it is necessary to treat the impurities. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of chloroform to glycerol purification process with acidification method using hydrochloric acid as pretreatment process. This research was begun with acid addition to the glycerol to neutralize the base content and to split the soap content into free fatty acid and salt, that are more easily separated from glycerol. Then the process was continued with extraction by the solvent chloroform using the variable of test volume ratio (v/v) (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2)  and the extraction time (20, 40, and 60 minutes). The results showed that the more volume of solvent used, gave less extraction time to produce high purity of glycerol. The highest purity produced in this study amounted to 90,9082% is obtained at the ratio of the volume solvent (v/v) 1:1 with extraction time 60 minutes.

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