scholarly journals Identification of Significant Anatomical Variations in the Nose and Anterior Skull Base Using Computed Tomography: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cureus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naureen Farhan ◽  
Syeda Uzma Naqvi ◽  
Binish Rasheed ◽  
Amjad Sattar ◽  
Maria Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anterior Skull Base ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Anatomical Variations in Circle of Willis in Patients Undergoing CT Cerebral Angiography in a Tertiary Hospital in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (232) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prajwal Dhakal ◽  
Prakash Kayastha ◽  
Sharma Paudel ◽  
Sundar Suwal ◽  
Mohan Raj Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebral Angiography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Variation in Circle of Willis is a commonly encountered entity in patients undergoing computed tomography angiography, identification of which is crucial in the management of patients with vascular pathologies. The aim of the study was to find out the anatomical variations in the Circle of Willis in patients undergoing Computed Tomography cerebral angiography in a tertiary hospital in Nepal. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 95 patients using convenient sampling techniques who were sent to the Department of Radiology and Imaging, Tribhuvan University Teaching hospital, for further evaluation of suspected vascular pathologies in the brain from April 2017 to September 2017. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of the Institute of Medicine with reference number 326 (6-11-E). CT angiographic images of these patients were evaluated for the presence of variations in Circle of Willis, aneurysms, and other vascular pathologies. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Among 95 subjects included in the study, the anatomical variations in the arteries of Circle of Willis was seen in 52 (54.7%) patients, hypoplastic posterior communicating artery being the most common variation 33 (34.7%). The aneurysm was seen in 22 (23.2%) of cases. Conclusions: CT Angiography is a commonly performed imaging modality for suspected cases of cerebral aneurysms and various other vascular pathologies. Multidetector computed tomography can effectively detect variations in arteries of Circle of Willis, recognition of which is crucial in operative management of vascular pathologies.

Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) Evaluation of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Md Tauhidul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Sadekur Rahman Sarkar ◽  
KM Ahasan Ahmed ◽  
Md Nazmul Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Aneurysm ◽  
Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
One Year ◽  
Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background: In evaluation of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage CT angiography (CTA) has 97-98% sensitivity and near 100% specificity. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the CTA findings of CT positive non traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methodology: This is an observational cross sectional study performed in Neurology department of National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka over one year period (January 2019 to December 2019). Total 87 CT positive subarachnoid hemorrhage cases were purposively included in this study. All CT positive patients underwent CTA of Cerebral vessels for further evaluation. The angiography were evaluated by competent neuro-radiologists blinded about the study. Result: Among 87 patients, 40.2% were male and 59.8% were female. The average age was 53.33±11.1 years. Among the studied patient the source of bleeding was found 78.16% aneurysmal and 21.84% non-aneurysmal. 85.30% patients had single aneurysm and 14.70% had multiple aneurysm. The highest number of patient had Acom aneurysm (41.17%) followed by MCA (22.05%), ICA (13.23%), ACA (7.35%) and vertebral artery (1.14%) in order of frequency. Among the multiple aneurysm group most of the patients had combination of Acom, MCA and ICA aneurysm. Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that CTA can be used as the primary diagnostic tool in evaluation of spontaneous SAH. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 78-81

scholarly journals Bone quality and quantity of the mandibular symphyseal region in autogenous bone grafting using cone-beam computed tomography: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaser Safi ◽  
Reza Amid ◽  
Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh ◽  
Hamed Mortazavi ◽  
Mohamad Payam Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Loop Length ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Loop ◽  
Bone Graft Harvesting

Abstract Background Bone volume plays a pivotal role in the success of dental implant treatment. Autogenous bone grafts should be harvested from reliable sites in the maxillofacial region. This study sought to assess the quantity and quality of bone in the mandibular symphysis for autogenous bone graft harvesting using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated the CBCT scans of 78 adults presenting to three oral and maxillofacial radiology centers. The vertical (VD) and horizontal (HD) alveolar bone dimensions, cortical thickness (CT), and cancellous to cortical bone ratio (C/C) were measured in the interforaminal region of the mandible at the sites of central incisor to first premolar teeth. The interforaminal distance (ID) and the anterior loop length were also measured. Nonparametric statistical tests were used to analyze the data with respect to sex, age, and tooth position. Results The median VD, HD, and CT of the symphysis were 20.21 (3.26), 4.13 (0.37), and 2.25 (0.23) mm, respectively. The median C/C was 1.51 (0.11). The median ID was 52.24 (8.24) mm, and the median anterior loop length was 1.82 (1.06) mm. Significant differences were observed in all parameters among different teeth. Most of the measured parameters were greater in males compared with females. There were significant differences in ID, VD, and CT between different age groups. Conclusions The quantity and quality of the available bone in the mandibular symphysis for bone graft harvesting vary by gender, age, and harvesting site, necessitating careful preoperative evaluation.

scholarly journals Stone Clearance by Computed Tomography after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (228) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitaranjan Shah ◽  
Robin Bahadur Basnet ◽  
Arvind Shah ◽  
Prakash Chhettri ◽  
Anup Chapagain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Residual Stone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stone Clearance ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography ◽  
Residual Fragments

Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy has the highest stone free rate among other procedures with relatively higher complication rate. Post-operative imaging after stone surgeries has not been uniform. This study was done to study about the stone clearance by computed tomography after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Urology, Bir Hospital for six months duration. The patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy and those with intra-operative fluoroscopic clearance were evaluated with a low dose computed tomography after 48 hours to assess residual fragments its size and location. Patient’s demographics, stone characteristics and complications were compared between the stone free and with residual stone patients. Results: Out of 72 percutaneous nephrolithotomy performed, 40 patients were included in the study. Low dose computed tomography kidney, ureter and bladder after 48 hours of surgery detected residual fragments in 11 (27.5%) patients. The RFs size of <4mm were found in 7 (63.63%) of cases whereas RFs of >4mm were found in 4 (36.36%). The stone size was 352.47 ± 97.47 mm2 and 254.79 ± 172.68mm2 in group with residual fragments and stone free group respectively. Conclusions: Low dose computed tomography kidney, ureter and bladder done for assessment of stone clearance after 48 hours of percutaneous nephrolithomy detected residual in around one fourth of patients, however majority of them had residual fragments <4mm. Intra-operative fluoroscopic clearance may over estimate stone clearance after percutaneous nephrolithomy as about one third of patients still may have residual fragments of >4mm size.

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