scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibodies Among Healthcare Workers After Vaccine Administration in an Intensive Care Unit

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Lemos ◽  
Sofia Ferreira ◽  
Cláudio Gouveia ◽  
Érica Mendonça ◽  
Ana Marta Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccine Administration

scholarly journals Risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure among hospital healthcare workers in relation to patient contact and type of care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Klevebro ◽  
Fuad Bahram ◽  
K. Miriam Elfström ◽  
Ulrika Hellberg ◽  
Sophia Hober ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Patient Contact ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples

AbstractAimWe aimed to assess the risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a large cohort of healthcare workers (HCWs).MethodsFrom May 11 until June 11, 2020, 3,981 HCWs at a large Swedish Emergency Care hospital provided serum samples and questionnaire data. Exposure was measured by assaying IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2.ResultsThe total seroprevalence was 17.7% and increased during the study period. Among the seropositive HCWs, 10.5% had been entirely asymptomatic. Participants who worked with COVID-19 patients had higher odds for seropositivity: ORadj 1.96 (95% CI 1.59 – 2.42). HCWs from three of the departments managing COVID-19 patients had significantly higher seroprevalences, whereas the prevalence among HCWs from the Intensive Care Unit (also managing COVID-19 patients) was significantly lower.ConclusionHCWs in contact with SARS-CoV-2 infected patients had a variable, but on average higher, likelihood for SARS-CoV-2 infections.

scholarly journals A Timely Call to Arms: COVID-19, the Circadian Clock, and Critical Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Haspel ◽  
Minjee Kim ◽  
Phyllis Zee ◽  
Tanja Schwarzmeier ◽  
Sara Montagnese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Human Physiology ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Disease Expression ◽  
Severe Manifestation ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

We currently find ourselves in the midst of a global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the highly infectious novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we discuss aspects of SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathology and how these might interact with the circadian clock of the host. We further focus on the severe manifestation of the illness, leading to hospitalization in an intensive care unit. The most common severe complications of COVID-19 relate to clock-regulated human physiology. We speculate on how the pandemic might be used to gain insights on the circadian clock but, more importantly, on how knowledge of the circadian clock might be used to mitigate the disease expression and the clinical course of COVID-19.

scholarly journals 375. COVID 19 infection in a Massachusetts community hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S257-S258
Author(s):  
Raul Davaro ◽  
alwyn rapose
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Case Series ◽  
World Health ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections has led to 105690 cases and 7647 deaths in Massachusetts as of June 16. Methods The study was conducted at Saint Vincent Hospital, an academic health medical center in Worcester, Massachusetts. The institutional review board approved this case series as minimal-risk research using data collected for routine clinical practice and waived the requirement for informed consent. All consecutive patients who were sufficiently medically ill to require hospital admission with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection by positive result on polymerase chain reaction testing of a nasopharyngeal sample were included. Results A total of 109 consecutive patients with COVID 19 were admitted between March 15 and May 31. Sixty one percent were men, the mean age of the cohort was 67. Forty one patients (37%) were transferred from nursing homes. Twenty seven patients died (24%) and the majority of the dead patients were men (62%). Fifty one patients (46%) required admission to the medical intensive care unit and 34 necessitated mechanical ventilation, twenty two patients on mechanical ventilation died (63%). The most common co-morbidities were essential hypertension (65%), obesity (60%), diabetes (33%), chronic kidney disease (22%), morbid obesity (11%), congestive heart failure (16%) and COPD (14%). Five patients required hemodialysis. Fifty five patients received hydroxychloroquine, 24 received tocilizumab, 20 received convalescent plasma and 16 received remdesivir. COVID 19 appeared in China in late 2019 and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Our study showed a high mortality in patients requiring mechanical ventilation (43%) as opposed to those who did not (5.7%). Hypertension, diabetes and obesity were highly prevalent in this aging population. Our cohort was too small to explore the impact of treatment with remdesivir, tocilizumab or convalescent plasma. Conclusion In this cohort obesity, diabetes and essential hypertension are risk factors associated with high mortality. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit who need mechanical ventilation have a mortality approaching 50 %. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals More skilled clinical management of COVID-19 patients modified mortality in an intermediate respiratory intensive care unit in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna E. Carpagnano ◽  
Giovanni Migliore ◽  
Salvatore Grasso ◽  
Vito Procacci ◽  
Emanuela Resta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Average Length Of Stay ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Respiratory Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Transferred Patients

Abstract Background Some studies investigated epidemiological and clinical features of laboratory-confirmed patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but limited attention has been paid to the follow-up of hospitalized patients on the basis of clinical setting and the expertise of clinical management. Methods In the present single-centered, retrospective, observational study, we reported findings from 87 consecutive laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients with moderate-to-severe acute respiratory syndrome hospitalized in an intermediate Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU), subdividing the patients in two groups according to the admission date (before and after March 29, 2020). Results With improved skills in the clinical management of COVID-19, we observed a significant lower mortality in the T2 group compared with the T1 group and a significantly difference in terms of mortality among the patients transferred in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) from our intermediate RICU (100% in T1 group vs. 33.3% in T2 group). The average length of stay in intermediate RICU of ICU-transferred patients who survived in T1 and T2 was significantly longer than those who died (who died 3.3 ± 2.8 days vs. who survived 6.4 ± 3.3 days). T Conclusions The present findings suggested that an intermediate level of hospital care may have the potential to modify survival in COVID-19 patients, particularly in the present phase of a more skilled clinical management of the pandemic.

scholarly journals Hand hygiene compliance in the intensive care unit of the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dikeledi Carol Sebola ◽  
Charlie Boucher ◽  
Caroline Maslo ◽  
Daniel Nenene Qekwana
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hand Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Patient Contact ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Hand Wash ◽  
Hygiene Compliance

Abstract Hand hygiene compliance remains the cornerstone of infection prevention and control (IPC) in healthcare facilities. However, there is a paucity of information on the level of IPC in veterinary health care facilities in South Africa. Therefore, this study evaluated hand hygiene compliance of healthcare workers and visitors in the intensive care unit (ICU) at the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital (OVAH). Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare workers (HCWs) and visitors in the ICU using the infection control assessment tool (ICAT) as stipulated by the South African National Department of Health. Direct observations using the “five hand hygiene moments” criteria as set out by the World helath Organisation were also recorded. The level of compliance and a 95% confidence interval were calculated for all variables. Results: Individual bottles of alcohol-based hand-rub solution and hand-wash basins with running water, soap dispensers, and paper towels were easily accessible and available at all times in the ICU. In total, 296 observations consisting of 734 hand hygiene opportunities were recorded. Hand hygiene compliance was also evaluated during invasive (51.4%) and non-invasive (48.6%) procedures. The overall hand hygiene compliance was 24.3% (178/734). In between patients, most HCWs did not sanitize stethoscopes, leashes, and cellular phones used. Additionally, the majority of HCWs wore jewellery below the elbows. The most common method of hand hygiene was hand-rub (58.4%), followed by hand-wash (41.6%). Nurses had a higher (44%) level of compliance compared to students (22%) and clinicians (15%). Compliance was also higher after body fluid exposure (42%) compared to after patient contact (32%), before patient contact (19%), after contact with patient surroundings (16%), and before an aseptic procedure (15%). Conclusion: Hand hygiene compliance in this study was low, raising concerns of potential transmission of hospital-acquired infections and zoonoses in the ICU. Therefore, it is essential that educational programs be developed to address the low level of hand hygiene in this study.

Qua pote quisque, in ea conterat arte diem: COVID-19 and Australian and New Zealand intensive care

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-104
Author(s):  
Andrew Udy ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Health Care Practice

The current global severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has thrust intensive care medicine to the forefront of health care practice in Australia and New Zealand. Indeed, reports from other countries and jurisdictions convey highly confronting statistics about the scale of this public health emergency, particularly in terms of the demand on intensive care unit (ICU)services. Whether this occurs here remains to be seen, although if such a scenario does eventuate, it will represent an unprecedented challenge to our community. In parallel, these events offer the opportunity for greater coordination, improved communication, and innovation in clinical care, which are principles that in many ways define our specialty.

scholarly journals Student nurses’ ethical views on responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 924-934
Author(s):  
Joseph KM Kam ◽  
Eric Chan ◽  
Albert Lee ◽  
Vivian WI Wei ◽  
Kin On Kwok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Intensive Care Unit Care ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Collateral Damage

Background Fifteen years have passed since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. At that time, there were reports of heroic acts among professionals who cared for these patients, whose bravery and professionalism were highly praised. However, there are concerns about changes in new generation of nursing professionals. Objective We aimed to examine the attitude of nursing students, should they be faced with severe acute respiratory syndrome patients during their future work. Research design A questionnaire survey was carried out to examine the attitude among final-year nursing students to three ethical areas, namely, duty of care, resource allocation, and collateral damage. Ethical considerations This study was carried out in accordance with the requirements and recommendations of the Central Research and Ethics Committee, School of Health Sciences at Caritas Institute of Higher Education. Findings Complete responses from 102 subjects were analyzed. The overwhelming majority (96.1%) did not agree to participate in the intubation of severe acute respiratory syndrome patients if protective measures, that is, N95 mask and gown, were not available. If there were insufficient N95 masks for all the medical, nursing, and allied health workers in the hospital (resource allocation), 37.3% felt that the distribution of N95 masks should be by casting lot, while the rest disagreed. When asked about collateral damage, more than three-quarters (77.5%) said that severe acute respiratory syndrome patients should be admitted to intensive care unit. There was sex difference in nursing students’ attitude toward severe acute respiratory syndrome care during pregnancy and influence of age in understanding intensive care unit care for these patients. Interestingly, 94.1% felt that there should be a separate intensive care unit for severe acute respiratory syndrome patients. Conclusion As infection control practice and isolation facilities improved over the years, relevant knowledge and nursing ethical issues related to infectious diseases should become part of nursing education and training programs, especially in preparation for outbreaks of infectious diseases or distress.

scholarly journals COVID-19-Associated Coagulopathy: A Case Report of Thrombosis despite Therapeutic Anticoagulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habiba Hussain ◽  
Matthew Sehring ◽  
Bhagat Singh Aulakh
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Disease Prognosis ◽  
Therapeutic Anticoagulation

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to tremendous morbidity and mortality. Various inflammatory markers have been monitored and considered to be associated with disease prognosis. One of the major sources of comorbidity involved has been development of thrombosis alongside the infection. This prothrombotic phenomenon considered, COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC), has been the center of discussion in dealing with this infection. There still remains ambiguity regarding management guidelines for thromboprophylaxis dosing and therapeutic anticoagulation. We present a case of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection complicated by thrombosis despite therapeutic anticoagulation contributing to prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stay.

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