scholarly journals Effects of Different Progesterone Doses on the Concentrations of Proinflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Pregnant Women With Threatened Abortion

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pınar Kırıcı ◽  
Elif Seren Tanrıverdi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Threatened Abortion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Plasma levels of melatonin, certain cytokines and placental growth factor at non-pharmacological correction of pineal function in pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Berbets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The pineal gland produces the important hormone melatonin, the level of which in the blood of pregnant women decreases in case of placental insufficiency. The effect of dysfunction of the pineal gland on the immune system of pregnant women and on the angiogenic activity of the placenta during pregnancy remains insufficiently studied. Objective: to establish the effect of our method of non-drug correction of function of pineal gland on the state of the cytokine part of the immune system and on the synthesis of placental growth factor (PlGF) in pregnant women with placental insufficiency manifesting as fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Material and methods. 46 pregnant women with IUGR at 30-36 weeks of gestation were examined. The group was divided into two subgroups: with non-drug correction of the pineal gland function (n = 25) and without correction (n = 21). The method of correction included a set of measures of following of lighting regimen, activity and sleep for 14 days. The control group consisted of 20 women with uncomplicated pregnancy. Levels of melatonin, PlGF, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10 were determined in the venous blood by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. It was established that the concentration of melatonin in the blood of pregnant women with IUGR was significantly reduced, as well as the concentration of PlGF (p < 0.01). Significant changes were also found in pregnant women with placental insufficiency, namely, increased concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α (p < 0.05), IL-1-β (p < 0.001) and IL-6 (p < 0.05), comparing to healthy pregnant women. Also, in the group of pregnant women with IUGR the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 (p <0.001) and IL-10 (p < 0.001) were elevated in comparison to the control group. After application of the developed complex of non-drug correction of pineal gland function, the concentration of melatonin in the blood of pregnant women in the subgroup of correction increased significantly, comparing to the subgroup without correction (p < 0.001), as well as the level of PlGF (p < 0.05). Also, significantly lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1-β and IL-6 were observed in pregnant women in the subgroup of correction (p < 0.01). Regarding anti-inflammatory cytokines, under the influence of the developed complex of measures there was a decrease in the level of IL-4 and an increase in the level of IL-10 (p < 0.01). Conclusions. When the measures, aimed at non-drug correction of function of pineal gland, are applied in pregnant women with placental insufficiency, manifested as IUGR, the following changes are observed: increased of plasma levels of melatonin and placental growth factor, decreased of levels of proinflammatory cytokines. We suggest that the pineal gland exerts its effect on the immune system through melatonin, which moderates the activity of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing the influence of inflammation on placental tissue, what results in increasing of concentrations of placental growth factor in the blood of pregnant women.

Levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and interferons in pregnant women with vaginal infections during vitamin D therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9_2019 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Kostinov M.P. Kostinov ◽  
Ignat’eva M.A. Ignat’eva ◽  
Novikova S.V. Novikova ◽  
Shmit’ko A.D. Shmit’ko ◽  
Polishchuk V.B. Polishchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Pregnant Women Infected with Zika Virus Show Higher Viral Load and Immunoregulatory Cytokines Profile with CXCL10 Increase

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Camacho-Zavala ◽  
Clara Santacruz-Tinoco ◽  
Esteban Muñoz ◽  
Rommel Chacón-Salinas ◽  
Ma Isabel Salazar-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy usually shows only mild symptoms and is frequently subclinical. However, it can be vertically transmitted to the fetus, causing microcephaly and other congenital defects. During pregnancy, the immune environment modifications can alter the response to viruses in general and ZIKV in particular. Objective: To describe the role of pregnancy in the systemic pro- and anti-inflammatory response during symptomatic ZIKV infection. Materials and Methods: A multiplex assay was used to measure 25 cytokines, chemokines, and receptors in 110 serum samples from pregnant and nonpregnant women with and without ZIKV infection with and without symptoms. Samples were collected through an epidemiological surveillance system. Results: Samples from pregnant women with ZIKV infection showed a higher viral load but had similar profiles of inflammatory markers as compared with nonpregnant infected women, except for CXCL10 that was higher in infected pregnant women. Notably, the presence of ZIKV in pregnancy favored a regulatory profile by significantly increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-10, receptors IL-1RA, and IL-2R, but only those pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-γ and IL-17 that are essential for the antiviral response. Interestingly, there were no differences between symptomatic and weakly symptomatic ZIKV-infected groups. Conclusion: Our results revealed a systemic anti-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine profile that could participate in the control of the virus. The anti-inflammatory response in pregnant women infected with ZIKA was characterized by high CXCL10, a cytokine that has been correlated with congenital malformations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Levels of Some Inflammatory Cytokines in Preeclamptic Women in Owerri

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Obioma Raluchukwu Emeka-Obi ◽  
Nancy C. Ibeh ◽  
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu ◽  
Hope M. Okorie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Preeclampsia is a serious and life-threatening pregnancy complication. In this study, the levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured in preeclamptic women in Owerri, Imo State. A total of 120 pregnant women aged 18-45 years at 20-40 weeks of pregnancy were recruited; 60 were preeclamptic women (test group) while 60 were normotensive pregnant women (control group). Preeclampsia was determined by the presence of ≥2+ protein in the urine using combi 2 dipstick for urinalysis and sphygmomanometer blood pressure reading of ≥ 140/90 mmHg. From the demographic data obtained in the studied subject through questionnaire, it showed that nulliparity and family history of high blood pressure were the most dominant risk factor of preeclampsia. The mean of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in the test group were 4.33±1.42 pg/ml and 8.23±2.73 pg/ml while that of the control group were 3.38±1.22 pg/ml and 6.89±1.88 pg/ml. There was a significant increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines of the preeclamptic women when compared to the control group. The mean of the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 & IL-4) of the group were 78.88±14.28 pg/ml and 27.92±7.22pg/ml while the control group was 91.39± 18.46 pg/ml and 31.25±6.90 pg/ml. There was a significant decrease in the result obtained from the test group when compared to the control group. The levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines were higher than the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines of the test group when compared with the control group. Hence there is need to manage the disorder with an anti inflammatory drugs in order to enhance obstetric care, thereby reducing maternal mortality and morbidity that may occur from haemostatic abnormalities.

scholarly journals DIFFERENTIATION FACTORS OF M1 AND M2 SUBPOPULATIONS OF DECIDUAL MACROPHAGES IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PREECLAMPSIA, THEIR IMBALANCE AND WAYS TO CORRECT IT

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
V. L. Vashchenko ◽  
V. K. Likhachov ◽  
O. Ye. Akimov ◽  
O. O. Taranovska
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Placental Site ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

According to the literature, inappropriate polarization of decidual macrophages is associated with abnormal pregnancy conditions such as spontaneous abortion, premature childbirth, preeclampsia, foetal growth retardation, etc.; therefore, studying the relationship between subpopulations of decidual macrophages and factors promoting their production in women with preeclampsia is of great clinical relevance. The purpose of this study was to identify the features of differentiation in subpopulations M1 and M2 of decidual macrophages in pregnant women with preeclampsia and to assess the impact of factors promoting their induction. Materials and methods. The concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-10) and the activity of iNOS and arginase in cervical mucus in pregnant women with preeclampsia were studied in comparison with the corresponding indicators in healthy pregnant women, with subsequent comparison of these indicators with the number of decidual macrophages M1 and M2 in the placentas of the examined women. We determined the concentration of cytokines by using immunoassay. NO synthase activity was determined by the difference in nitrite concentration before and after cervical mucus incubation. The total arginase activity was assessed by the difference in the concentration of L-ornithine before and after incubation in phosphate buffered saline, which contained L-arginine. Immunohistochemical study of macrophages M1 and M2 in placental tissue was carried out in the pathomorphological laboratory "CSD Health Care" (Kiev). A total of 62 pregnant women were examined: the control group included 30 healthy pregnant women who did not have risk factors for preeclampsia and unimpaired circulation in the uterine spiral arteries in the area of ​​the placental site at 18-20 + 6 weeks of gestation. The study group included 32 pregnant women at high risk to develop preeclampsia, with impaired circulation in the uterine spiral arteries in the area of ​​the placental site at 18-20 + 6 weeks of gestation; 14 of them then developed preeclampsia. Results. In pregnant women with preeclampsia, the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is impaired in favour of TNF-α and INF-γ with a decrease in IL-10 content that results in an imbalance in the activity of enzymes regulating the L-arginine metabolism with the following increase in iNOS activity. The activity of arginine is significantly reduced. In the placentas of women with preeclampsia, the content of decidual macrophages M1 phenotype is 1.7 times higher than their number in healthy women, while the content of macrophages M2 phenotype, on the contrary, goes down in 1.5 times. The study has shown that the predominance of decidual M1 macrophages in women with preeclampsia occurs due to the stimulating effect of INF-γ and the activation of inducible NO-synthase. This imbalance of decidual macrophages in favour of the M1 subpopulation is likely to cause the progression of endothelial dysfunction, manifestation of preeclampsia, and dysfunction of the placenta in the second trimester and in the early phase of the third trimester of gestation.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN THE ACTIVITY OF INDUCIBLE NO-SYNTHASE AND ARGINASE, THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE LEVEL OF PRO- AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN CERVICAL MUCUS IN PREGNANT WOMEN, WHO UNDERWENT IVF AND ARE AT RISK OF PRETERM CHILDBIRTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
V. K. Likhachov ◽  
Ya. V. Shymanska ◽  
L. M. Dobrovolska ◽  
O. Ye. Akimov ◽  
O. H. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Arginase Activity ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Inducible No Synthase ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction. Nitric oxide (NO) produces a wide range of bioregulatory effects. Imbalance in the ratio of the activity of inducible NO-synthase and arginase in favor of iNOS can lead to a pro-inflammatory reaction. At the risk of preterm childbirth, the content of proinflammatory cytokines increases both at the local and systemic levels. The aim of this work is to study the relationship between changes in the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and the activity of inducible NO-synthase and arginase in the cervical mucus of women with in vitro fertilization (IVF), who are at risk of preterm childbirth. Materials and methods. The test group (TG) included 37 women, who underwent IVF and presented prognostic signs, indicating a high risk of preterm birth in the future. The control group (CP) consisted of 20 healthy pregnant women, who did not undergo assisted reproductive technologies. We determined the indicators of inducible NO-synthase activity and total arginase activity, as well as the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the mucus of the cervical canal of the participants at their 28-34 weeks of pregnancy. Results and discussion. The activity of iNOS in TG significantly increased (in 2.57 times) compared to healthy pregnant women (CP), while the activity of arginase, on the contrary, decreased significantly (in 1.91 times). There was a significant increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines INF-γ and TNF-α in the TG women, while they demonstrated the significantly reduced concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In cervical mucus taken from TG women, positive correlations were found between an increase in the concentration of the proinflammatory cytokine INF-γ and an increase in iNOS activity, between a decrease in IL-10 levels and arginase activity, and a negative relationship between an increase in iNOS activity and a decrease in arginase activity. Conclusions. The detected cytokine imbalance in pregnant women, who underwent in vitro fertilization and were at risk of preterm childbirth, together with a impaired ratio of iNOS and arginase, indicates an inappropriate level of immunosuppression. These immune changes, by activating cellular responses of maternal immunity, can contribute to preterme childbirth.

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