scholarly journals Deployment of Infectious Disease Experts and Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Okayama: A Call for Training of Specialists

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideharu Hagiya ◽  
Koji Fujita ◽  
Shinya Kamiyama ◽  
Kazuki Ocho ◽  
Haruto Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance

scholarly journals Diagnostic Tests Can Stem the Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance: Infectious Disease Professionals Can Help

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Trevas ◽  
Angela M Caliendo ◽  
Kimberly Hanson ◽  
Jaclyn Levy ◽  
Christine C Ginocchio
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Federal Funding ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Advisory Council ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Abstract Uptake of existing diagnostics to identify infections more accurately could minimize unnecessary antibiotic use and decrease the growing threat of antibiotic resistance. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (PACCARB) agree that, to improve uptake of existing diagnostics, healthcare providers, health systems, and payors all need better clinical and economic outcomes data to support use of diagnostic tests over empiric use of antibiotics, providers need better tools and education about diagnostic tests, and diagnostics developers need federal funding in the absence of a viable diagnostics market. Recommendations from PACCARB and the IDSA are amplified. Incentives for—and challenges to—diagnostics research, development, and uptake are summarized. Advocacy opportunities are given for infectious disease professionals to join the fight against antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals A study on antibiotic prescription among the hospitalized pediatric patients at a referral center in Puducherry, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
M. Bala Gopal ◽  
P. Thiyagarajan ◽  
Vinayagamoorthy Venugopal ◽  
Venkata Naveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Referral Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microbial Resistance ◽  
The Cost

Background: Antimicrobial resistance has reached to a significant proportion globally. This antimicrobial resistance increases the cost of health care in addition to the existing burden of the prevalence of infectious disease in developing countries. We need to have institutional protocols based on the standard guidelines. It is important for the clinician to use antibiotics only when it is necessary. The aim of the study was to analyze the rationality of the antibiotics used among the hospitalized children in the referral centre located in the rural area, to evaluate the pattern of antibiotics prescribed among the hospitalized children and to find out the factors associated with the usage of antibiotics among them.  Methods: Analytical, cross sectional study was performed on all patients admitted to the inpatient pediatric medical service at a referral centre situated in the rural part of the Puducherry, India during the period from July 2015 to June 2016. Results: 959 children were included in our study.607 children belong to less than 5 years of age group. Overall 60% of the children have received either oral or parenteral antibiotics. Based on the categorization of children as per the final clinical diagnosis children requiring antibiotic, can be used and not required are 13% (125), 38.6% (370) and 48.4% (464) respectively. Respiratory, gastrointestinal and systemic infectious diseases were the major group of cases admitted in our centre. Antibiotic use in respiratory and systemic infectious disease were maximum with 248 (70.1%) and 179 (71.6%) respectively. Among the antibiotics cephalosporin, penicillin group and azithromycin constitute more than 90% of the antibiotics prescribed cases.Conclusions: Overuse of antibiotic is universal and seen in both developed and developing countries. This increases the cost of treatment and increases the chances of microbial resistance. As per the W.H.O. recommendations surveillance system is required in all the hospitals to assess the antibiotic use and to monitor the prevalence of microbial resistance. 

scholarly journals Special Issue: Antimicrobial Resistance in Livestock

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Kim Stanford
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Special Issue

Antimicrobial resistance threatens the health of both humans and livestock as antimicrobials become continually less effective for controlling infectious disease [...]

scholarly journals Emerging Infectious Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance (EIDAR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Charlotte Lanteri ◽  
Katrin Mende ◽  
Mark Kortepeter
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Military Readiness ◽  
Military Populations

Abstract Introduction The Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program’s (IDCRP) Emerging Infectious Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance (EIDAR) Research Area is a Department of Defense (DoD) clinical research capability that is responsive and adaptive to emerging infectious disease (EID) threats to US military readiness. Among active-duty and other Military Health System (MHS) beneficiaries, EIDAR research is largely focused on evaluating the incidence, risk factors, and acute- and long-term health effects of military-relevant EIDs, especially those caused by high-consequence pathogens or are responsible for outbreaks among US military populations. The EIDAR efforts also address Force Health Protection concerns associated with antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship practices within the MHS. Methods The EIDAR studies utilize the approach of: (1) Preparing for emergent conditions to systematically collect clinical specimens and data and conduct clinical trials to assist the military with a scientifically appropriate response; and (2) Evaluating burden of emergent military-relevant infectious diseases and assessing risks for exposure and development of post-infectious complications and overall impact on military readiness. Results In response to the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa, the IDCRP partnered with the National Institutes of Health in developing a multicenter, randomized safety and efficacy study of investigational therapeutics in Ebola patients. Subsequently, the EIDAR team developed a protocol to serve as a contingency plan (EpICC-EID) to allow clinical research activities to occur during future outbreaks of viral hemorrhagic fever and severe acute respiratory infections among MHS patients. The EIDAR portfolio recently expanded to include studies to understand exposure risks and impact on military readiness for a diversity of EIDs, such as seroincidence of non-Lyme disease borreliosis and Coccidioides fungal infections among high-risk military populations. The team also launched a new prospective study in response to the recent Zika epidemic to conduct surveillance for Zika and other related viruses among MHS beneficiaries in Puerto Rico. Another new study will prospectively follow U.S. Marines via an online health assessment survey to assess long-term health effects following the largest DoD Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli outbreak at the U.S. Marine Corps Recruit Depot-San Diego. In cooperation with the Trauma-Related Infections Research Area, the EIDAR Research Area is also involved with the Multidrug-Resistant and Virulent Organisms Trauma Infections Initiative, which is a collaborative effort across DoD laboratories to characterize bacterial and fungal isolates infecting combat-related extremity wounds and link lab findings to clinical outcomes. Furthermore, the EIDAR team has developed an Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Collaborative Clinical Research Consortium, comprised of Infectious Disease and Pharmacy specialists. Conclusions The EIDAR Research Area is responsive to military-relevant infectious disease threats that are also frequently global public health concerns. Several new EIDAR efforts are underway that will provide Combatant Command Surgeons, Infectious Diseases Service Chiefs, and other Force Health Protection stakeholders with epidemiological information to mitigate the impact of EIDs and antimicrobial resistance on the health of U.S. military service members and their dependents.

scholarly journals The BURDEN project - Assessing the burden of resistance and disease in Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
U Frank
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
European Union ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Public Health Threat

The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance has become a major public health threat in Europe. The number of infections caused by resistant pathogens continues to increase in the European Union (EU) and worldwide. Treating illness, which includes infectious disease, already places a resource burden on society.

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