scholarly journals The Sensitivity and Specificity of White Blood Cells and Nitrite in Dipstick Urinalysis in Association With Urine Culture in Detecting Infection in Adults From October 2016 to October 2019 at King Abdulaziz Medical City

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman T Mohanna ◽  
Khalid M Alshamrani ◽  
Majd A SaemAldahar ◽  
Abdulbari O Kidwai ◽  
Abdulrahman H Kaneetah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Dipstick Urinalysis

Performance of flow cytometry to screen urine for bacteria and white blood cells prior to urine culture

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 810-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callen D. Giesen ◽  
Amanda M. Greeno ◽  
Katherine A. Thompson ◽  
Robin Patel ◽  
Sarah M. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
White Blood Cells

scholarly journals Detection of Significant Bacteriuria by Automated Urinalysis Using Flow Cytometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 2870-2872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Okada ◽  
Yutaka Sakai ◽  
Shigenori Miyazaki ◽  
Soichi Arakawa ◽  
Yukio Hamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria ◽  
Screening Procedures ◽  
Urine Specimens

A new flow cytometry-based automated urine analyzer, the UF-50, was evaluated for its ability to screen urine samples for significant bacteriuria. One hundred eighty-six urine specimens from patients attending an outpatient clinic of a university-based hospital were examined. The results obtained with the UF-50 were compared with those obtained by conventional quantitative urine culture. The UF-50 detected significant bacteriuria with a sensitivity of 83.1%, a specificity of 76.4%, a positive predictive value of 62.0%, a negative predictive value of 90.7%, and an accuracy of 78.5%. These results are comparable to those obtained by previously reported screening procedures. Besides detecting significant bacteriuria, the UF-50 can also perform routine urinalysis, including measurement of concentrations of red blood cells, white blood cells, epithelial cells, and casts, within 70 s. This capability renders this new flow cytometry-based urine analyzer superior to previously reported rapid screening methods.

Role of Dipstick Testing in the Evaluation of Urinary Tract Infection in Nursing Home Residents

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 889-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Juthani-Mehta ◽  
Mary Tinetti ◽  
Eleanor Perrelli ◽  
Virginia Towle ◽  
Vincent Quagliarello
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Among 101 nursing home residents with suspected urinary tract infection (UTI), we determined the negative predictive value of dipstick testing for leukocyte esterase and nitrite to be 100% (95% confidence interval, 74%-100%), compared with laboratory evidence of UTI (greater than 10 white blood cells/mm3 on urinalysis and greater than 100,000 colony forming units/mL on urine culture). Nursing home dipstick testing effectively excluded the possibility of UTI.

Urinary Tract Infections in Infants and Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Leonard G. Feld ◽  
Saul P. Greenfield ◽  
Pearay L. Ogra
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
High Power ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Tract Infections

CASE HISTORY AND OFFICE DIAGNOSIS A 7-month-old uncircumcised male infant had vomiting, diarrhea, and low grade fever (38.4°C) 2 days before coming to the pediatrician's office. One day before seeing the baby, the physician prescribed Pedialyte and acetaminophen elixir. The child appeared active to the pediatrician. Mucous membranes were slightly dry and tears were present. His blood pressure was 98/62 mm Hg, pulse rate 92 beats per minute, and temperature 38°C. Laboratory evaluation included an analysis and culture of catheterized urine sample: specific gravity, 1.025; pH, 6.0; protein, trace; blood, negative; sugar and ketones, negative; sediment—0 to 1 red blood cells per high-power field; 6 to 8 white blood cells per high-power-field and no bacteria. Based on the differential diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis vs urinary tract infection, the patient was sent home with a prescription for Pedialyte and acetaminophen and the parents were told to call the office in 24 hours for test results. The urine culture was positive for greater than 100 000 colonies per milliliter of a single organism which was later identified as Escherichia coli and sensitive to all antibiotics. The child was started on a regimen of amoxicillin. Two weeks later, a repeat urine culture was negative for bacteria.

scholarly journals Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in the genitourinary tract: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Ornnicha Prohsoontorn ◽  
◽  
Chaowat Pimratana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
The Right ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Melioidosis, caused by the gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei, is an infectious disease which is endemic in areas like Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. Urogenital involvement is less common in Thailand. This is a case study of a 60-year-old Thai male who had no underlying diseases and developed a renal abscess from melioidosis. He presented with a high grade fever for about 2 weeks. Physical examination disclosed costovertebral angle tenderness but otherwise was unremarkable. Laboratory and imaging investigations revealed leukocytosis in the complete blood count. White blood cells and red blood cells were detected in urinalysis. There was no growth in either the hemoculture or urine culture but melioidosis antibody level was positive (1:5, 120). Computerized tomography of the whole abdomen showed multiple areas of hypodensity lesions at mid and lower pole extended to the right perirenal space indicating likely renal abscesses. The final diagnosis was melioidosis with renal abscesses.

Ultrastructural changes in murine lymphoma cells exposed to ultraviolet-A radiation

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
Delma P. Thomas ◽  
Dianne E. Godar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Murine Lymphoma ◽  
Transmission Electron

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from all three waveband regions of the UV spectrum, UVA (320-400 nm), UVB (290-320 nm), and UVC (200-290 nm), can be emitted by some medical devices and consumer products. Sunlamps can expose the blood to a considerable amount of UVR, particularly UVA and/or UVB. The percent transmission of each waveband through the epidermis to the dermis, which contains blood, increases in the order of increasing wavelength: UVC (10%) < UVB (20%) < UVA (30%). To investigate the effects of UVR on white blood cells, we chose transmission electron microscopy to examine the ultrastructure changes in L5178Y-R murine lymphoma cells.

The Effect of Red Blood Cells on the ADP-induced Aggregation of Human Platelets in Flow Through Tubes

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (01) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N Bell ◽  
Samira Spain ◽  
Harry L Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryThe effect of red blood cells, rbc, and shear rate on the ADPinduced aggregation of platelets in whole blood, WB, flowing through polyethylene tubing was studied using a previously described technique (1). Effluent WB was collected into 0.5% glutaraldehyde and the red blood cells removed by centrifugation through Percoll. At 23°C the rate of single platelet aggregtion was upt to 9× greater in WB than previously found in platelet-rich plasma (2) at mean tube shear rates Ḡ = 41.9,335, and 1,920 s−1, and at both 0.2 and 1.0 µM ADP. At 0.2 pM ADP, the rate of aggregation was greatest at Ḡ = 41.9 s−1 over the first 1.7 s mean transit time through the flow tube, t, but decreased steadily with time. At Ḡ ≥335 s−1 the rate of aggregation increased between t = 1.7 and 8.6 s; however, aggregate size decreased with increasing shear rate. At 1.0 µM ADP, the initial rate of single platelet aggregation was still highest at Ḡ = 41.9 s1 where large aggregates up to several millimeters in diameter containing rbc formed by t = 43 s. At this ADP concentration, aggregate size was still limited at Ḡ ≥335 s−1 but the rate of single platelet aggregation was markedly greater than at 0.2 pM ADP. By t = 43 s, no single platelets remained and rbc were not incorporated into aggregates. Although aggregate size increased slowly, large aggregates eventually formed. White blood cells were not significantly incorporated into aggregates at any shear rate or ADP concentration. Since the present technique did not induce platelet thromboxane A2 formation or cause cell lysis, these experiments provide evidence for a purely mechanical effect of rbc in augmenting platelet aggregation in WB.

White blood cells levels and PCOS: direct and indirect relationship with insulin resistance, but not with hyperandogenemia

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Papalou ◽  
Sarantis Livadas ◽  
Athanasios Karachalios ◽  
Nektarios Benetatos ◽  
George Boutzios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Indirect Relationship

Endogenous Heparinoids Detected by anti-Xa Activity are Present in Blood during Acute Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhosis. A Prospective Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Triantos ◽  
Emmanuel Louvros ◽  
Maria Kalafateli ◽  
Anne Riddell ◽  
Ulrich Thalheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Variceal Bleeding ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Ulcer Bleeding ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis

Background & Aims: Endogenous heparinoids have been detected by thromboelastography and quantified by clotting based anti-Xa activity assays in patients with cirrhosis, but their presence in variceal bleeding has not been established yet.Methods: Clotting based anti-Xa activity was measured in A) 30 cirrhotics with variceal bleeding, B) 15 noncirrhotics with peptic ulcer bleeding, C) 10 cirrhotics without infection or bleeding, and D) 10 cirrhotics with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Results: Anti-Xa activity was not detected in ulcer bleeders or in cirrhotics without infection or bleedingbut was present in seven (23%) variceal bleeders (median levels: 0.03 u/mL (0.01-0.07)) and was quantifiable for 3 days in six of seven patients. Four of seven variceal bleeders with anti-Xa activity present had HCC (p=0.023). Age, creatinine, platelet count and total infections the second day from admission were significantly correlated with the presence of measureable anti-Xa levels (p=0.014, 0.032, 0.004 and 0.019, respectively). In the HCC group, anti-Xa activity was present in three patients (30%) [median levels: 0.05 u/mL (0.01-0.06)].Conclusions: In this study, variceal bleeders and 30% of the patients with HCC had endogenous heparinoids that were detected by a clotting based anti-Xa activity assay, whereas there was no anti Xa activity present in patients with cirrhosis without infection, or bleeding or HCC, nor in those with ulcer bleeding. Thus, the anti-Xa activity is likely to be a response to bacterial infection and/or presence of HCC in cirrhosis.List of abbreviations: AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; CP, Child-Pugh; FXa, activated factor X; GAGS, glycosaminoglycans; Hb, hemoglobin; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HVPG, hepatic venous pressure gradient; INR, International normalized ratio; LMWHs, low molecular weight heparins; MELD, Model for End-stage Liver Disease; PPP, platelet-poor plasma; PRBC, packed red blood cells; PT, prothrombin time; SBP, sponataneous bacterial peritonitis; TEG, thromboelastography; WBC, white blood cells.

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