Fulminant Pseudomembranous Colitis Leading to Clostridium Paraputrificum Bacteremia

Pseudomembranous colitis. Searching for the cause in a patient with gynaecologic carcinoma on radiation therapy

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1278514 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 49 (05) ◽

Author(s):

A Székely ◽

A Taller

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Pseudomembranous Colitis

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Nomenclature Abstract for Clostridium paraputrificum (Bienstock 1906) Snyder 1936 (Approved Lists 1980).

The NamesforLife Abstracts ◽

10.1601/nm.3986 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Charles Thomas Parker ◽

Sarah Wigley ◽

George M Garrity ◽

Dorothea Taylor

Keyword(s):

Clostridium Paraputrificum

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Colonisation Factor CD0873, an Attractive Oral Vaccine Candidate against Clostridioides difficile

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9020306 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 306

Author(s):

Cansu Karyal ◽

Jaime Hughes ◽

Michelle L. Kelly ◽

Jeni C. Luckett ◽

Philip V. Kaye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Oral Vaccine ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Oral Route ◽

Hamster Model ◽

Clostridioides Difficile ◽

Mucosal Antibody ◽

Gut Pathogens ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin

Clostridioides difficile is the main cause of health-care-associated infectious diarrhoea. Toxins, TcdA and TcdB, secreted by this bacterium damage colonic epithelial cells and in severe cases this culminates in pseudomembranous colitis, toxic megacolon and death. Vaccines in human trials have focused exclusively on the parenteral administration of toxin-based formulations. These vaccines promote toxin-neutralising serum antibodies but fail to confer protection from infection in the gut. An effective route to immunise against gut pathogens and stimulate a protective mucosal antibody response (secretory immunoglobulin A, IgA) at the infection site is the oral route. Additionally, oral immunisation generates systemic antibodies (IgG). Using this route, two different antigens were tested in the hamster model: The colonisation factor CD0873 and a TcdB fragment. Animals immunised with CD0873 generated a significantly higher titre of sIgA in intestinal fluid and IgG in serum compared to naive animals, which significantly inhibited the adherence of C. difficile to Caco-2 cells. Following challenge with a hypervirulent isolate, the CD0873-immunised group showed a mean increase of 80% in time to experimental endpoint compared to naïve animals. Survival and body condition correlated with bacterial clearance and reduced pathology in the cecum. Our findings advocate CD0873 as a promising oral vaccine candidate against C. difficile.

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