scholarly journals Are Automated and Visual Greulich and Pyle-Based Methods Applicable to Caucasian European Children With a Moroccan Ethnic Origin When Assessing Bone Age?

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grammatina Boitsios ◽  
Alessandro De Leucio ◽  
Marco Preziosi ◽  
Laurence Seidel ◽  
Maria P Aparisi Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Age ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Greulich And Pyle

DIFFERENCES IN BONE AGE READINGS BETWEEN PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND RADIOLOGISTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey B. Eitel ◽  
Erica A. Eugster
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Greulich And Pyle ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinologist ◽  
Greulich And Pyle Method

Objective: Pediatric endocrinologists (PEs) have historically read their own bone age (BA) X-rays based on the belief that radiologists do not accurately interpret these tests. Whether there are significant differences in BA interpretations between these two groups has not been systematically explored. The objectives of the study were to compare BA readings performed by PEs and radiologists and determine whether clinical variables were associated with discrepancies in readings. Methods: A retrospective chart review of children presenting for initial evaluation of short stature (SS) or precocious puberty (PP) who had a BA X-ray completed was performed. Clinical variables analyzed included age, gender, ethnicity, Tanner stage, body mass index, reason for referral, radiologist location (Children's vs. outside hospital), and PE and radiologist BA readings using the Greulich and Pyle method. Results: Of 103 patients aged 9 ± 3.66 years, there was a discrepancy between the PE and radiologist readings on 70 images (68%). Discrepancy ranged from −1.5 to 3.5 years, with a mean of 4 ± 12 months. Patients referred for PP were more likely to have discrepant interpretations than those referred for SS (8.4 months vs. 0.8 months; P = .007). No differences were seen in interpretations between in-house radiologists and those at outside hospitals. Conclusion: Radiologists interpreted BAs differently than PEs in the majority of images. In patients referred for PP, BAs were interpreted as being older by radiologists than by PEs, perhaps due to bias from the reason for referral. Our results provide support for continued independent BA interpretations by PEs. Abbreviations: BA = bone age; GP = Greulich and Pyle; PE = pediatric endocrinologist; PP = precocious puberty; SS = short stature

Assessment of bone age: a comparison of the Greulich and Pyle, and the Tanner and Whitehouse methods

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Milner ◽  
R.K. Levick ◽  
R. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Bone Age ◽  
Greulich And Pyle

SKELETAL MATURATION IN THE CURRENT PEDIATRIC MEXICAN POPULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1053-1061
Author(s):  
Miguel Klünder-Klünder ◽  
Montserrat Espinosa-Espindola ◽  
Desiree Lopez-Gonzalez ◽  
Mariana Sánchez-Curiel Loyo ◽  
Pilar Dies Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Mexican Population ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Greulich And Pyle ◽  
Reference Curves ◽  
End Of Puberty

Objective: The most commonly used methods for bone age (BA) reading were described in the Caucasian population decades ago. However, there are secular trends in skeletal maturation and different BA patterns between ethnic groups. Automated BA reading makes updating references easier and more precise than human reading. The objective of the present study was to present automated BA reference curves according to chronological age and gender in the Mexican population and compare the maturation tempo with that of other populations. Methods: The study included 923 healthy participants aged 5 to 18 years between 2017 and 2018. A hand radio-graph was analyzed using BoneXpert software to obtain the automated BA reading according to Greulich and Pyle (G&P) and Tanner-Whitehouse 2 (TW2) references. We constructed reference curves using the average difference between the BA and chronological age according to sex and age. Results: The G&P and TW2 automated reference curves showed that Mexican boys exhibit delays in BA during middle childhood by 0.5 to 0.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.9 to −0.2) years; however, they demonstrate an advanced BA of up to 1.1 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.4) years at the end of puberty. Mexican girls exhibited a delay in BA by 0.3 to 0.6 (95% CI, −0.9 to −0.1) years before puberty and an advanced BA of up to 0.9 (95% CI, 0.7 to 1.2) years at the end of puberty. Conclusion: Mexican children aged <10 years exhibited a delay in skeletal maturity, followed by an advanced BA by approximately 1 year at the end of puberty. This may affect the estimation of growth potential in this population. Abbreviations: BA = bone age; CA = chronological age; G&P = Greulich and Pyle; TW2 = Tanner-Whitehouse 2

Bone Age

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-158
Keyword(s):  
Bone Age ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skeletal Age ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Greulich And Pyle ◽  
Ossification Centers ◽  
Greulich And Pyle Method

Skeletal maturation is expressed as bone age or skeletal age. Bone age is based on the orderly appearance of the ossification centers and, therefore, on the successive stages of the development (or maturity) of the skeleton as seen on radiographs. This is not a measure of size, but rather of shape and position. There are many methods of estimating bone age, and almost any part of the body can be used. The hand and wrist are the most practical and the most often used. The Greulich and Pyle method employs an atlas of examples of radiographs of the entire left hand and wrist of healthy children at various ages.

The reliability of bone age determination in central European children using the Greulich and Pyle method.

1999 ◽  
Vol 72 (857) ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Groell ◽  
F Lindbichler ◽  
T Riepl ◽  
L Gherra ◽  
A Roposch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Determination ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Central European ◽  
Greulich And Pyle ◽  
Greulich And Pyle Method

scholarly journals Rethinking Greulich and Pyle: A Deep Learning Approach to Pediatric Bone Age Assessment Using Pediatric Trauma Hand Radiographs

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. e190198
Author(s):  
Ian Pan ◽  
Grayson L. Baird ◽  
Simukayi Mutasa ◽  
Derek Merck ◽  
Carrie Ruzal-Shapiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Pediatric Trauma ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Age Assessment ◽  
Greulich And Pyle ◽  
Bone Age Assessment ◽  
Hand Radiographs

Effect of Knowledge of Chronologic Age on the Variability of Pediatric Bone Age Determined Using the Greulich and Pyle Standards

2001 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Berst ◽  
Lori Dolan ◽  
Marta M. Bogdanowicz ◽  
Max A. Stevens ◽  
Shirley Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Age ◽  
Greulich And Pyle

scholarly journals Comparative study between bone ages: Carpal, Metacarpophalangic, Carpometacarpophalangic Ebrí, Greulich and Pyle and Tanner Whitehouse2

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Torné
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Greulich And Pyle ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Comprehensive Study

We have carried out a review study in order to remind the pediatrician of the differences in bone age (EO) between the existing Greulich-Pyle (GP) or Tanner-Whitehouse 2 (TW2) methods compared to Ebrí ages: EO Ebrí-carpal (EOIC) metacarpophalangic (EOIMF) and Carpometacarpophalangic (EOICMF). The study was carried out in Spanish longitudinal casuistry “Andrea Prader”. It comprises 160 healthy children: 73 males and 87 females, distributed by sex and age from 0.5 to 20 years. By obtaining the EO for each method, a comprehensive study can be carried out between them, and thus, observing if there are differences, being able to offer a quantification to the pediatrician for him to take them into account. In previous studies, the equations for obtaining the EO were expressed by the Ebrí methods. These quantifications are presented throughout this review.

scholarly journals Automatic assessment of bone age in Taiwanese children: A comparison of the Greulich and Pyle method and the Tanner and Whitehouse 3 method

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 937-943
Author(s):  
Yi‐Ming Wang ◽  
Tzu‐Hsueh Tsai ◽  
Jui‐Sheng Hsu ◽  
Min‐Fang Chao ◽  
Yu‐Tsang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Age ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Greulich And Pyle ◽  
Greulich And Pyle Method
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