scholarly journals Two extremely rare new species of fossorial salamanders of the genus Oedipina (Plethodontidae) from northwestern Ecuador

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9934
Author(s):  
Carolina Reyes-Puig ◽  
David B. Wake ◽  
Ramachandran Kotharambath ◽  
Jeffrey W. Streicher ◽  
Claudia Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Phalangeal Formula ◽  
Specific Identity

We describe two new species of salamanders of the genus Oedipina, subgenus Oedopinola, from two localities on the northwestern foothills of Ecuador, at elevations between 921 and 1,067 m. These are the southernmost members of the genus. We examined different museum collections and we found just three specimens of Oedipina from Ecuador, obtained throughout the history of herpetological collections in the country. We identify two of the three specimens as new species, but refrain from assigning a specific identity to the third, pending further study. Oedipina villamizariorum sp. n. is a medium-sized member of the genus, with a narrow, relatively pointed head and blunt snout; dorsolaterally oriented eyes, moderate in size; and digits that are moderately long and having pointed tips. Oedipina ecuatoriana sp. n., somewhat larger, has a narrow head and broadly rounded snout; this new species differs from all known Oedipina by the distinctive presence of paired prefrontal bones and a reduced phalangeal formula: 0-0-1-0; 0-1-2-1-1. We provide detailed descriptions of the osteology of both new species. Finally, we present a phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus, including one of the two new species, based on partial sequences of mitochondrial DNA.

Two new species of Enderleina Jewett (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from northern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4712 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEUSA HAMADA ◽  
JEFERSON OLIVEIRA DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Amazonas State ◽  
Small Genus ◽  
Specific Identity

Enderleina Jewett, 1960 is a small genus of Perlidae with seven species occurring in Venezuela and northern Brazil. Specimens deposited in the Invertebrate Collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil, identified formerly as E. flinti Stark, 1989 (n = 3) and E. yano Stark, 1989 (n = 6), were determined to represent three taxa, two of which are new species. Both new species were collected in Amazonas State, Brazil and are distinctive within the genus due to their unique adult color patterns. The third taxon is represented by a female similar to E. khazeni Derka & Tierno Figueroa, 2013, the male of which was described from the nearby Gran Sabana, Venezuela. However, since the female of this species is not known, the specific identity of this female cannot be assigned specifically with confidence. In this paper, we describe two new species of Enderleina from Brazil, clarifying the specific status of the Enderleina specimens in the collection of INPA, and correcting the geographical distributions of E. flinti and E. yano. There are no valid records of these two species for Brazil. Currently, four species of the genus are known from Brazil. 

Rhamphothrips genus-group in China, with description of two new species and two new records (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5039 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-432
Author(s):  
YAJIN LI ◽  
ZHUOCHENG LIU ◽  
HONGRUI ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two New Species

Amalothrips bifurcus sp.n. is described from Southwestern China as the third species of Amalothrips, characterized by the forked sense cone on antennal segments III–IV. Rhamphothrips yunnanensis sp.n. is described as the second known species of Rhamphothrips in which the male has laterally on the mesosternum one thorn-like seta and one stout shaded seta. Two species, Amalothrips noorazlani Ng and Parexothrips palumai Mound, are newly recorded from China.  

Two new species of freshwater sponges from Neotropical and Afrotropical Regions

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4728 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-371
Author(s):  
ULISSES PINHEIRO ◽  
LUDIMILA CALHEIRA ◽  
CELINA MARTINS ◽  
LIESL JANSON ◽  
RICKY TAYLOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
Freshwater Sponges ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
Morphological Complexity ◽  
Afrotropical Region ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climatic History

Geographic distributions of freshwater sponges are related to the geological and climatic history of the continents, on the presence of gemmules and the morphological complexity of this resistant body to withstand change. Gemmules are characteristic of the freshwater Families Spongillidae, Metaniidae and Potamolepidae. However, Acanthotylotra alvarengai, Echinospongilla brichardi and a number of other species within the genus Potamolepis do not produce gemmules. Potamolepis is endemic to the Afrotropical region with seven valid species. African freshwater sponges however, are mostly known from a single specimen (the holotype), due to the scarcity of material from these freshwater systems. In the present study, we describe two new species of non-gemmule bearing freshwater sponges from the Neotropical and Afrotropical Regions.  

Three new species of nocturnal geckos of the Paroedura oviceps clade from xeric environments of Madagascar (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4433 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
FRANK GLAW ◽  
JÖRN KÖHLER ◽  
MIGUEL VENCES
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Haplotype Sharing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Transitional Forest ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Karst Habitats

We describe three new gecko species of the Paroedura oviceps clade, diagnosed by deep divergences in mitochondrial DNA, absence of haplotype sharing in two nuclear genes (sacs and kiaa1239), and morphological differences. Paroedura spelaea sp. nov. is an extremely slender species from karst habitats in the limestone massif of the Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park in western Madagascar, morphologically reminiscent of P. homalorhina but distinguished by the absence of distinct dorsal rows of spiny tubercles. Paroedura fasciata sp. nov. from the small karstic island Nosy Hara in northern Madagascar is phylogenetically placed sister to P. spelaea despite radical morphological differences. It is morphologically most similar to P. hordiesi from the geographically close Montagne des Français massif, but is smaller, has slightly more spiny dorsal scales, and a distinctive colour pattern with light grey dorsal crossbands. The third species, Paroedura kloki sp. nov., is known from Ankarafantsika National Park and the western slopes of Makira, two sites of dry to transitional forest in western Madagascar. It is at least partly arboreal and morphologically very similar to P. oviceps, from which it differs by spiny scales extending over its entire tail. Although incomplete, the available phylogenetic evidence suggests that the karst specialists in the P. oviceps clade (P. fasciata, P. homalorhina, P. hordiesi, P. spelaea) form a monophyletic group which might have diversified by vicariance after becoming isolated, respectively, in their limestone habitats in Tsingy de Bemaraha, Ankarana, Nosy Hara and Montagne des Français. 

On the ancestry of woodrats

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1564-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A Martin ◽  
Richard J Zakrzewski
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Lower Elevation ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Fourth Root ◽  
Extinct Genus ◽  
Coniferous Ecosystems

Abstract We evaluated the fossil record of extinct and extant woodrats, and generated a comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis of woodrat origins and relationships based on these data. The galushamyinin cricetines are redefined and reclassified as a subtribe of the Neotomini, including Repomys, Miotomodon, Galushamys, Nelsonia, and a new extinct genus with two new species. The geographic distribution of Nelsonia, restricted to montane coniferous forests of western Mexico, suggests that this subtribe was mostly confined to western coniferous ecosystems or similar ecosystems at lower elevation during glacial advances. A second subtribe of the Neotomini includes a new archaic genus and species, Neotoma, Hodomys, and Xenomys. Lindsaymys, a possible neotominin from the late Clarendonian (late Miocene) of California, demonstrates an occlusal morphology consistent with ancestry for the Neotomini, but the presence of a fourth root on M1 is problematic and may preclude the known populations from filling that role. Molars identified as Neotoma sp. from the Hemphillian (latest Miocene or early Pliocene) Rancho el Ocote assemblage of Guanajuato, Mexico, may represent the earliest Xenomys. Extant Neotoma species with a bilobed m3 appear to have originated subsequent to about 2.0 Ma, whereas Hodomys alleni and Xenomys nelsoni likely originated earlier from one or more extinct ancestors with an S-shaped m3.

Anystipalpus, Antennoseius and Vitzthumia: a taxonomic and nomenclatural conundrum of genera (Acari: Mesostigmata: Dermanyssina), with description of four species of Anystipalpus

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2243 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVERT E. LINDQUIST ◽  
MARÍA L. MORAZA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Family Level ◽  
History Of

The genus Anystipalpus Berlese, 1911, of uncertain prior placement in the superfamilies Ascoidea or Dermanyssoidea, is redescribed, based on reexamination of type and other material of the type-species, A. percicola Berlese, and of material representing Anystipalpus livshitsi (Eidelberg) new combination and two new species, A. labiduricola n. sp. and A. kazemii n. sp. Anystipalpus nataliae (Eidelberg) new combination and Anystipalpus ukrainicus (Sklyar) new combination are determined to be junior synonyms of A. percicola Berlese and A. livshitsi (Eidelberg), respectively, new synonymies. The genus is known thus far only from adult females phoretic under the elytra of carabid beetles and the tegmina of labidurid earwigs in Eurasia. The relationships between it and the closely related Antennoseius Berlese, 1916 and Vitzthumia Thor, 1930, are reviewed, and the options for the family level placement of these genera are reconsidered. Attention is given to some gnathosomatic attributes that are commonly overlooked in description of species of these closely related genera. Phoresy and the role of adult female morphs in the life history of these mites, as well as the extraordinary phoretic association of one species with earwigs are discussed.

scholarly journals New species of Metatrichia Coquillett (Diptera: Scenopinidae) from Australia and Venezuela

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2094 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAUN L. WINTERTON ◽  
NORMAN E. WOODLEY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New World ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
The Third ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Arnhem Land ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Australasian Region

Two new species of the cosmopolitan genus Metatrichia Coquillett are described. Metatrichia dhimurru sp. nov. is described from Arnhem Land (Northern Territory), Australia and represents the third species of the genus to be described from the Australasian region. Metatrichia venezuelensis sp. nov. from Venezuela is the third extant species of the genus to be described from the New World.

A new Leptobrachella (Anura: Megophryidae) from the Cardamom Mountains of Cambodia 

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4834 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRYAN L. STUART ◽  
JODI J. L. ROWLEY
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Gene Fragment ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
The Third ◽  
16S Gene ◽  
Adult Females

The species-rich, megophryid frog genus Leptobrachella Smith, 1925 is distributed throughout the uplands of mainland Southeast Asia but is conspicuously absent from the Cardamom Mountains of southwestern Cambodia, where it has been known only by a single, undetermined metamorphic specimen collected nearly two decades ago. We report two adult female specimens of Leptobrachella collected a decade later at a second locality in the Cardamom Mountains and use mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA, and morphology to show that it represents a distinct species. Leptobrachella neangi sp. nov., named after its collector, is most closely related in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA to L. fuliginosa (Matsui, 2006) and L. melanoleuca (Matsui, 2006) from western Thailand, but has uncorrected pairwise distances of 8.69–10.99% in a mitochondrial 16S gene fragment from its two sister species. The new species is also readily distinguished from these and other congeners by having the combination of (1) SVL 35.4–36.3 mm in two adult females, (2) distinct dorsolateral glandular line absent, (2) belly transparent, immaculate purplish gray in life, creamy white in preservative, (3) dark inguinal blotch absent, (4) tympanum with black coloration extending from line under supratympanic fold, (5) dorsal skin with small, irregular bumps and ridges, and (6) iris coppery orange around pupil, fading to gold at periphery, not distinctly bicolored. The new species is the first named Leptobrachella from the Cardamom Mountains and the third from Cambodia. 

Two new species of Megophrys Kuhl & van Hasselt (Amphibia: Megophryidae), from western Thailand and southern Cambodia

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2734 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN MAHONY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Tak Province ◽  
Respective Type

Two new species of the genus Megophrys are described from historical collections presented by Malcolm A. Smith to The Natural History Museum, London, in the early twentieth century. These specimens were previously misidentified as Megophrys parva, a widespread Asian species apparently comprised of a species complex. Megophrys damrei sp. nov., from the Bokor Plateau in the Cardamom Mountains of southern Cambodia and Megophrys takensis sp. nov., from Ban Pa Che, Tak Province, in western Thailand, are herein distinguished morphologically from all congeners from their respective and neighbouring countries. These, or further specimens representing either species, do not appear to have been reported on by other authors in the past and the conservation status of the two new species remains to be assessed. An attempt to locate both species at and near their respective type localities was successful for Megophrys takensis sp. nov., allowing the documentation of observations in the wild and live colouration. This study highlights the importance of examining historical museum collections often overlooked in recent decades by modern taxonomists.

Two new species of shrub frogs (Rhacophoridae: Pseudophilautus) from Sri Lanka

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2747 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MADHAVA MEEGASKUMBURA ◽  
KELUM MANAMENDRA-ARACHCHI
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitats ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Sri Lankan shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus are described. These species are diagnosed from their congeners on the basis of morphology, morphometrics and mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Pseudophilautus schneideri, new species, is distinguished from all Sri Lankan Pseudophilautus by its small size (< 22.8 mm SVL), distinct tympanum and supratympanic fold, sharp canthal edges, granular throat, chest and belly, and absence or presence of a vomerine ridge. Pseudophilautus hankeni, new species, is distinguished by its diminutive size (< 21.9 mm SVL), distinct tympanum, rounded canthal edges, tuberculated outer edge of lower arm, tuberculated dermal fold on outer edge of foot, granular throat, chest and belly, and the absence of a vomerine ridge. Pseudophilautus schneideri inhabits shrubs in open areas of the low to mid-elevations of the island’s south-western ‘wet zone’ (rainfall > 2,000 mm•yr -1 ), including anthropogenic habitats, while P. hankeni is found on shrubs in the understorey of montane forests of the highest peaks (c. 1,200– 1,600 m elevation) of the Knuckles region. These descriptions bring the total number of valid species of Sri Lankan Pseudophilautus to 67, 48 of which are extant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document