scholarly journals A new tiny toad species of Amazophrynella (Anura: Bufonidae) from east of the Guiana Shield in Amazonia, Brazil

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9887
Author(s):  
Sarah Mângia ◽  
Ricardo Koroiva ◽  
Diego José Santana
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Guiana Shield ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Palmar Surface ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
A New Species

The combination of different approaches has successfully delimited new species within many Neotropical species complexes traditionally classified as a single nominal organism. Recent studies have shown that the Amazonian endemic genus Amazophrynella, currently composed of 12 small-sized species, could harbor several additional species. Based on morphology and molecular data, we describe a new species of Amazophrynella from east of the Guiana Shield, in Pará state, Brazil. The new species is characterized by having one of the biggest size of the genus (SVL of males 16.0–17.8 mm and females 22.9–24.4 mm), presence of a large palmar tubercle (occupying 2/4 of the palmar surface), 5.6–8.1% uncorrected p-distance from its sister clade (including A. teko, A. sp.1, and A. manaos) for the 16S mitochondrial gene, and 8.8% for the COI. The new species described here represents a newly discovered lineage. Of the 12 Amazophrynella species currently recognized, two were describe in the last century (A. bokermanni and A. minuta) and the remaining species were recently discovered and described (in the last six years), which underscores the degree to which species richness of Amazophrynella is underestimated.

A new species of Omolicna (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea: Derbidae) from coconut palm in Costa Rica and new country records for Omolicna brunnea and Omolicna triata

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4577 (3) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN W. BAHDER ◽  
CHARLES R. BARTLETT ◽  
EDWIN A. BARRANTES BARRANTES ◽  
MARCO A. ZUMBADO ECHAVARRIA ◽  
ALESSANDRA R. HUMPHRIES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
A New Species

An ongoing survey for novel phytoplasmas and viruses that affect palms (Arecaceae) is being conducted in Costa Rica along with potential vectors. During that survey, a new species of derbid planthopper (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) in the genus Omolicna Fennah was detected from Heredia and Limón State and is here described as Omolicna xavieri sp. n. This new taxon was first found on declining coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) and subsequently on healthy coconut palms in Tortuguero National Park. Also, two additional species of Omolicna, O. brunnea and O. triata, were collected on coconut in the same habitat and represent new country records. There are no previously published records of Omolicna from Costa Rica. Sequence data for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the 18S ribosomal RNA gene were obtained. In addition, novel 18S primers specific to auchenorrhynchan insects were developed and presented. The molecular data show high pairwise distances between O. xavieri sp. n. and other Omolicna species (24% to 31% and 10% using COI and 18S, respectively). Based on both morphological and sequence data, we erect and briefly describe the new subgenus Agoo for the new species to reflect the observed differences. A checklist of Omolicna species is presented. 

A review of the African snake-eyed skinks (Scincidae: Panaspis) from Angola, with the description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4747 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS M. P. CERÍACO ◽  
MATTHEW P. HEINICKE ◽  
KELLY L. PARKER ◽  
MARIANA P. MARQUES ◽  
AARON M. BAUER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
One New Species ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Meristic Data

The genus Panaspis in Angola is represented by four species, most of them part of taxonomically and nomenclaturally challenging species-complexes. We present a taxonomic revision of the group in the region and describe one new species, Panaspis mocamedensis sp. nov., endemic to the lowland areas of the Namibe province, southwestern Angola. Phylogenetic analysis using a combination of mitochondrial (16S, cytb) and nucleares (RAG1, PDC) markers, as well as morphological and meristic data support the recognition of the new species. In addition, these data support the presence of nominotypical Panaspis cabindae, P. wahlbergi and P. maculicollis in Angola. Reexamination of the Angolan population of P. breviceps was based on morphological analysis, as no molecular data from Angola is available for this species. According to our results, this population likely represents the nominotypical form, but due to its complex taxonomic and nomenclatural history and the lack of molecular data, this population needs to be reconsidered when molecular data become available. The description of a new species and revision of the Angolan Panaspis contributes to a better understanding of the true species richness of the Angolan herpetofauna, as well as to understanding the major biogeographic patterns of the region. A key to Angolan Panaspis species is also presented. 

New cave-dwelling Plakina (Plakinidae, Homoscleromorpha, Porifera) from Martinique Island (French Antilles)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4729 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIE GRENIER ◽  
CESAR RUIZ ◽  
ANAIRA LAGE ◽  
THIERRY PEREZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Submarine Cave ◽  
Unique Composition ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Submarine Caves ◽  
Cox 1

Knowledge of homoscleromorph sponge biodiversity has greatly improved during the last decade thanks to the increasing use of integrative taxonomy and extensive exploration of remote ecosystems. Indeed, recently described species have mostly been small sponges living in dark and near-impenetrable habitats. This work integrates morphological, cytological, ecological and molecular data to describe a new species belonging to the Plakina genus. Plakina doudou sp. nov. was found first during close inspection of photographs taken previously in a submarine cave on Martinique Island, where several new species had already been revealed. The new species lives in syntopy with P. arletensis. It is thinly encrusting, whitish in vivo, and its skeleton harbors a unique composition of diods, triods, monolophose triods and monolophose, dilophose and trilophose calthrops. Sequencing of a portion of the mitochondrial gene cox-1 indicates that the new species belongs to a well-supported clade containing the Mediterranean P. crypta and P. trilopha. However, at the time of publication of this work, we have not yet managed to identify synapomorphies that would support the different clades of Plakina. This genus includes a total of 39 species to date, of which 10 have been recorded in the Western Tropical Atlantic, and 4 in Caribbean submarine caves. 

scholarly journals A new cryptic species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin, 1908 (Characiformes, Characidae) from the Eastern Amazon, revealed by integrative taxonomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Cristofore Guimarães ◽  
Pâmella Silva de Brito ◽  
Leonardo Manir Feitosa ◽  
Luis Fernando Carvalho Costa ◽  
Felipe Polivanov Ottoni
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Hyphessobryconcarusp. nov. is described based on five different and independent methods of species delimitation, making the hypothesis of this new species supported by an integrative taxonomy perspective. This new species has a restricted distribution, occurring just in the upper Pindaré river drainage, Mearim river basin, Brazil. It is a member of the rosy tetra clade, which is characterized mainly by the presence of a dark brown or black blotch on dorsal fin and absence of a midlateral stripe on the body. Hyphessobryconcarusp. nov. is distinguished from the members of this clade mainly by the shape of its humeral spot, possessing few irregular inconspicuous vertically arranged chromatophores in the humeral region, or sometimes a very thin and inconspicuous humeral spot, and other characters related to teeth count, and color pattern. The phylogenetic position of the new species within the rosy tetra clade was based on molecular phylogenetic analysis using sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit 1. In addition, a new clade (here termed Hyphessobryconmicropterus clade) within the rosy tetra clade is proposed based on molecular data, comprising H.carusp. nov., H.micropterus, H.piorskii, and H.simulatus, and with H.carusp. nov. and H.piorskii recovered as sister species. Our results suggest cryptic speciation in the rosy tetra clade and, more specifically, in the H.micropterus clade. We recommend the use of integrative taxonomy for future taxonomic revisions and species descriptions when dealing with species complexes and groups containing possible cryptic species.

scholarly journals A new species of Aphyocharax Günther, 1868 (Characiformes, Characidae) from the Maracaçumé river basin, eastern Amazon

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-516
Author(s):  
Pâmella Silva de Brito ◽  
Erick Cristofore Guimarães ◽  
Luis Fernando Carvalho-Costa ◽  
Felipe Polivanov Ottoni
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Maximum Posterior Probability ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Aphyocharax is described from the Maracaçumé river basin, eastern Amazon, based on morphological and molecular data. The new species differs from all its congeners, mainly by possessing the upper caudal-fin lobe longer than the lower one in mature males, and other characters related to teeth counts, colour pattern, and body depth at dorsal-fin origin. In addition, the new species is corroborated by a haplotype phylogenetic analyses based on the Cytochrome B (Cytb) mitochondrial gene, where its haplotypes are grouped into an exclusive lineage, supported by maximum posterior probability value, a species delimitation method termed the Wiens and Penkrot analysis (WP).

Floral geometric morphometrics unveils a new cauliflorous species of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) from the Guiana Shield

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 474 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
JOELCIO FREITAS ◽  
FAVIO GONZÁLEZ ◽  
ODILE PONCY ◽  
CHRISTIAN FEUILLET ◽  
ANDERSON ALVES-ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Floral Traits ◽  
Guiana Shield ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Shape And Size

Aristolochia wankeana (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from French Guiana and Guyana, is described and illustrated here. Floral traits, primarily of the shape and size of the perianth limb, examined through a morphometric geometric analysis, are diagnostic to distinguish the new species from its relatives A. cornuta and A. iquitensis. The species belongs to Aristolochia subser. Anthocaulicae, characterized by having extremely short cauliflorous racemes with scale-like, triangular subtending bracts. This is the first study that uses morphometrics for taxonomic purposes in Aristolochia, an approach that becomes promising to solve species complexes in this genus.

scholarly journals A new species of the Dendropsophus decipiens Group (Anura: Hylidae) from Northeastern Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0248112
Author(s):  
Rogério Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Felipe de Medeiros Magalhães ◽  
Bernardo Franco da Veiga Teixeira ◽  
Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de Moura ◽  
Clara Ribeiro Porto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
In Series ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Forest Biome

We describe a new species of the Dendropsophus decipiens Group, morphologically most resembling D. haddadi but genetically more closely related to D. oliveirai and likely endemic from the Atlantic Forest biome, northeastern Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from all species of the D. decipiens Group based on the combination of morphological features, advertisement call and phylogenetic position based on mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. The new species emits simple calls in series of 3–9 notes, each with 9–29 pulses, and dominant frequency varying from 5578–6422 Hz, and exhibit a minimum of 8% genetic distance (16S mitochondrial gene) in comparison to its congeners. The new taxa represent the sixth species of the D. decipiens Group, which likely harbors more undescribed taxa, corroborating the view that Neotropical species richness is fairly underestimated.

A new species of the genus Parapachymorpha Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (Phasmida, Phasmatidae, Clitumninae) from Laos

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4732 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
CHANG-MOON JANG ◽  
YANG˗SEOP BAE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Lower Margin ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
The World ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Egg Capsule

Parapachymorpha is one of eight genera within the tribe Medaurini of subfamily Clitumninae (Phasmatidae). It was established by Brunner von Wattenwyl (1893), with the type species Parapachymorpha nigra by subsequent designation of Kirby (1904), from Myanmar. Species of this genus are widely distributed in oriental tropics (Laos, China, Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam and Cambodia), with only 11 known species in the world (Brock et al. 2018, Ho 2017). Species of the genus Parapachymorpha can be recognized by following characters (Brunner von Wattenwyl 1893;1907, Henmemann & Conle 2008, Ho 2017): 1) body robust in female and slender in male with long leg in relation to the length; 2) body surface of female granulose or spinose; 3) mesonotum of female more and less expanded posteriorly; 4) abdominal tergites lacking expanded prostero–lateral angles in both sexes; 5) laminal supraanalis undeveloped in female; 6) semi–tergite of male irregularly rectangular, with an additional finger­–like ventro–apical appendix on the lower margin and reduced or absent; 7) egg capsule oval to oblong and covered with a raised net–like structure in lateral view; 8) micropylar plate oval; 9) operculum concave or convex. In the present study, we describe additional species, Parapachymorpha minuta sp. nov. from Laos, with photographs of both sexes of adults and egg. 

Description of a new species Coomansus batxatensis (Mononchida, Mononchidae) from Vietnam, with an updated key to species

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.T.T. Vu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Cavity Size ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Tooth Apex ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Posterior Position ◽  
28S Ribosomal Dna

Abstract Coomansus batxatensis sp. nov., recorded from Vietnam, is described and illustrated and its phylogenetic relationship within the Mononchida is analysed. The molecular data (18S and 28S ribosomal DNA) are provided for the new species. The new species is characterized by small body size (body length, L = 0.7–0.9 mm); buccal cavity sub-rectangular in shape, flattened at base, 21–24 × 12–13 μm or 1.9 (1.7–2.0) times as long as wide; posterior position of dorsal tooth apex (59–63% from the base of buccal cavity); pars refringens vaginae with faint and small (2.5 × 1.7 μm) teardrop-shaped pieces, short pars distalis vaginae; and males with short spicules (50–51.5 μm) with rounded head and conical blade part. The new species is close to Coomansus parvus but differs from it by the smaller buccal cavity size, more posterior position of the dorsal tooth apex, longer tail and presence of males. An updated identification key to Coomansus species and a compendium of all the species known are presented.

A new species of Pirhosigma Giordani Soika, 1978 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae: Eumeninae), with additional notes and a key to the species in the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4300 (2) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
WELLINGTON D. FERREIRA ◽  
LETÍCIA A. DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
TIAGO G. INEZ ◽  
MARCEL G. HERMES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

A new Neotropical species of Pirhosigma Giordani Soika, 1978 is described, Pirhosigma transfluvium Ferreira & Oliveira. The male of Pirhosigma limpidum Giordani Soika, 1978 is reported for the first time. An illustrated identification key is presented for all currently recognized species of Pirhosigma. 

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