scholarly journals Involvement of autophagy in realgar quantum dots (RQDs) inhibition of human endometrial cancer JEC cells

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9754
Author(s):  
Zhengyun Liu ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Wanling Zhang ◽  
Nian Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Serum Starvation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Arsenic Compounds ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Death Pathways ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Related Proteins

Realgar (As4S4) has been used in traditional Chinese medicines for treatment of malignancies. The poor solubility of As4S4 hampered its clinical applications. Realgar quantum dots (RQDs) were developed to overcome these problems. Previous studies revealed that the RQDs were effective against endometrial cancer JEC cells and hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells via inducing apoptosis.Apoptosis and autophagy are important programmed cell death pathways leading to anticancer effects. This study further examined effects of RQDs on autophagy, focusing on the formation of the autophagosome in JEC cells. CCK8 assay was used to examine cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine the autophagy, cells were transfected with pEGFP-C3-MAP1LC3B plasmid to examine effects of RQDs on autophagosome via confocal microscope. Autophagy-related proteins were examined by Western blot. RQDs exhibited cytotoxicity in JEC cells in a concentration- and time- dependent manner. RQDs induced G2 and S phase arrest in JEC cells. RQDs significantly induced autophagy, with the double-membrane and autophagosome-like structures by TEM. The diffused distribution of pEGFP-C3-MAP1LC3B green fluorescence were become the punctuate pattern fluorescence after treatment with RQDs in cells transfected with pEGFP-C3-MAP1LC3B plasmid RQDs increased the expression of autophagyregulatory proteins LC3 I/II, Beclin-1, p62 and Atg12 in a concentration-dependent manner, similar to autophagy induced by serum starvation, except for p62, as induction of p62 is a characteristic of arsenic compounds. Taken together, the present study clearly demonstrated that RQDs can induce autophagy in JEC cells as one of mechanisms of anticancer effects, and indicated that RQDs may be developed as an autophagy inducer.

scholarly journals Inhibition of HepG-2 Cells (Liver Cancer Cell Line) Viability by 3-Hydroxypyridine-2-Carboxaldehyde N(4)-Methylthiosemicarbazone

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Edrees Khan Rahmatzada ◽  
Prof. Paras Nath Yadav ◽  
Dr. Yuba Raj Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dapi Staining ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Colony Number

Thiosemicarbazone have the antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer effects. 3-OH-Me-TSC inhibited the cell viability of HepG-2 cells by CV assay in a concentration dependent manner (control, 1μM, 3μM, 10μM, 30μM, and 100μM) with IC50 value of 9.587622μM. Further colony formation assay demonstrated that 3-OH-Me-TSC inhibits colony number and size of HepG-2. Wound healing assay exhibited that 3-OH-Me-TSC inhibit the migration of HepG-2 cells. DAPI staining showed that 3-OH-Me-TSC inhibited proliferation of HepG-2 cells in 30μM and 100μM concentrations respectively. 3-OH-Me-TSC inhibited VEGF, p38 alpha, C-JUN, BECN-1, ERK, NF-KB, in HepG-2 cells. We found that 3-OH-Me-TSC inhibit proliferation of HepG-2 cells by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway, 3-OH-Me-TSC can be developed as future chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma after the evaluation of this compounds in more cancer cells an in vivo model.

scholarly journals Ghrelin Alleviates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in MC3T3E1 Cells by Inhibiting AMPK Phosphorylation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xue Lv ◽  
Qianping Zhang ◽  
Bingfei Cheng ◽  
Ying Xin ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Species Production ◽  
Related Proteins

Ghrelin is a gastric endocrine peptide that has been found to be involved in the process of energy homeostasis and bone physiology in recent years. To explore the effects of ghrelin on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in MC3T3E1 cells and its possible mechanism, an ERS model was induced by tunicamycin (TM) in the osteoblast line MC3T3E1. TM at 1.5 μg/mL was selected as the experimental concentration found by CCK8 assay. Through the determination of apoptosis, reactive oxygen species production, and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related gene expression, we found that ERS induced by TM can be relieved by ghrelin in a concentration-dependent manner ( P < 0.001 ). Compared with the TM group, ghrelin reduced the expression of ERS-related marker genes induced by TM. Compared with the GSK621 + TM group without ghrelin pretreatment, the mRNA expression of genes in the ghrelin pretreatment group decreased significantly ( P < 0.001 ). The results of protein analysis showed that the levels of BIP, p-AMPK, and cleaved-caspase3 in the TM group increased significantly, while the levels decreased after ghrelin pretreatment. In group GSK621 + TM compared with group GSK621 + ghrelin+TM, ghrelin pretreatment significantly reduced the level of p-AMPK, which is consistent with the trend of the ERS-related proteins BIP and cleaved-caspase3. In conclusion, ghrelin alleviates the ERS induced by TM in a concentration-dependent manner and may or at least partly alleviate the apoptosis induced by ERS in MC3T3E1 cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of AMPK.

scholarly journals Whole Peptidoglycan Extracts from theLactobacillus paracaseisubsp.paracaseiM5 Strain Exert Anticancer ActivityIn Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumei Wang ◽  
Xue Han ◽  
Lanwei Zhang ◽  
Yingchun Zhang ◽  
Hongbo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Ht 29

TheLactobacillus paracaseisubsp. paracaseiM5 strain exerted potential anticancer activity through the cell wall. In this study, whole peptidoglycan (WPG) was extracted from theLactobacillus paracaseisubsp. paracaseiM5 strain and was evaluated for anticancer effects as well as its properties. SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed the presence of WPG with dominant bands of approximately 14.4 kDa. Further analysis revealed that the amino acids present in the WPG consisted of alanine, glycine, glutamic acid, and lysine in a molar ratio of approximately 8 : 5 : 3 : 3.5. In addition, the cell viability of HT-29 cells with WPG addition was investigated with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and trypan blue exclusion (TBE) assays, and cell apoptosis was analyzed with a transmission electron microscope, flow cytometry, and semiquantitative RT-PCR. These results showed that WPG exerted cytotoxic effects on colon cancer HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner and upregulated proapoptotic genes, while downregulating antiapoptotic genes. The gene expression study definitively revealed that WPG induced a mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway.

Anticancer activity and mechanism of juglone on human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 1553-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Anheng Liu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Xingyu Zhao ◽  
Shijie Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hela Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Parp Cleavage ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Dose Dependent

Induction of apoptosis in tumor cells has become the major focus of anti-tumor therapeutics development. Juglone, a major chemical constituent of Juglans mandshurica Maxim, possesses several bioactivities, including anti-tumor. In the present study, HeLa cells were incubated with juglone at various concentrations. The proliferation inhibition of juglone on HeLa cells was tested by the MTT assay. Occurrence of apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258 staining, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy. The expression of apoptotic-related proteins was examined by Western blot. The results showed that juglone inhibits the growth of HeLa cells in dose–dependent manner. Topical morphological changes of apoptotic body formation after juglone treatment were observed. The percentages of early apoptosis of Annexin V-FITC were 5.23%, 7.95%, 10.69%, and 20.92% with the concentrations of juglone (12.5, 25, 50, and 100 µmol/L), respectively. After cells were treated with juglone at the different dose for 24 h, the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly down-regulated and the expression of Bax was significantly up-regulated compared with the control. These events paralleled with activation of caspase-9, -8, -3, and PARP cleavage. The results suggest that juglone may be effective for the treatment of HeLa cells.

scholarly journals Discovery of 1,3-diyne compounds as novel and potent antidepressant agents: synthesis, cell-based assay and behavioral studies

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (26) ◽  
pp. 16005-16014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Qing Ma ◽  
Yan-Hong Miao ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
Yu-Zhi Zhou ◽  
Xiao-Xia Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Antidepressant Agents ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Forced Swim ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Related Proteins

1,3-Diynes compound 7a protected the corticosterone-injured PC12 cells through regulation of the apoptosis related proteins and exerted antidepressant effect in mice forced swim test in a concentration-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Long-Term Metformin Effect on Endometrial Cancer Development Depending on Glucose Environment in vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Machado Weber ◽  
Carsten Lange ◽  
Julia Jauckus ◽  
Thomas Strowitzki ◽  
Ariane Germeyer
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Type I ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Estrogen Exposure ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Background: The incidence of endometrial cancer has increased worldwide over the past years. Common risk factors include obesity and metabolic disturbances, like hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as prolonged and elevated estrogen exposure. Metformin, an anti-hyperglycemic and insulin-sensitizing biguanide, displayed anti-proliferative effects in recent studies. Therefore, metformin may act as a therapeutic and prophylactic anti-cancer agent in several tissues, including endometrium. Methods: Two different endometrial cancer cell lines, reflecting type I (Ishikawa) and type II endometrial cancer (HEC-1A) were cultured under normoglycemic (5.5mM) or hyperglycemic (17.0mM) conditions and treated with different concentrations of metformin (0.01–5.0mM). Results: Effects of metformin on proliferation, cell viability, clonogenicity and migration were investigated after treatment for 7d. Long-term treatment with metformin showed effects on cellular viability, proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells in a concentration- dependent manner in vitro. Additionally, glucose levels affected the outcome of the experiments. Conclusion: Our in vitro findings support the hypothesis that metformin has a direct effect on endometrial tissues and reflects the importance of the local glucose environment, suggesting that metformin may be considered as a potential adjuvant agent in endometrial cancer therapy due to its direct and indirect effects on endometrial development.

scholarly journals Structural, Morphological, Optical, Thermal and Fungicidal Effects of Gamma Aluminum Nanoparticles Synthesized from Pepsi Cans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Samy ◽  
A. M. Ismail ◽  
Hoda Kabary
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Aluminum Nanoparticles ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Transmission Electron

Abstract In the present work, Gamma Aluminum oxide (γ-Al2O3) is prepared from wastes (Pepsi Cans). These cans have a structure that contains more than 98 percent aluminum oxide, and they were effectively manufactured to generate nano-sized gamma alumina under mild parameters. Characterization of the prepared nanoparticles are characterizes using different techniques as X-ray diffraction (XRD), High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Attenuated total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Also, antifungal activity of γ Al2O3 was applied to widespread pathogenic fungi: Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria sp..at different nanoparticles concentrations to determine the maximum fungicidal concentration of the tested nanoparticles on the fungal strains. All characterization confirmed the formation of γ Al2O3 with nearly 2-3 nm and TGA data explains it is thermal stability. By investigating the fungicidal concentration, Data showed the antifungal activity of the selected nanoparticles shows concentration dependent manner based on the fungal strain sensitivity. The maximum antifungal activity of aluminum nanoparticles detected at concentration (3, 6 and 50mg/100ml) with inhibition percentage of (94.2, 95 and 93.3 %) for A flavus, F.oxsporum andAlternaria sp., respectively.

Combination therapy of calcitriol inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells: new concept of nonclassical function of calcitriol

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khuzama A. Aljunidee ◽  
Sanaa K. Bardaweel
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Induction Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Apoptotic Induction ◽  
Mcf 7

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the anticancer effects of calcitriol and cholecalciferol against different cell lines of breast cancer in monotherapy settings and in combination with raloxifene. Methods The antiproliferative, anti-migratory, and apoptotic induction effects were assessed by MTT, wound healing, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Results Calcitriol and cholecalciferol exhibited antiproliferative effects against T47D, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 in a time and concentration-dependent manner. The IC50 values of calcitriol were in the range of 0.05–0.25 μM while that for cholecalciferol were in the range of 3–100 μM. Furthermore, the results showed that calcitriol and cholecalciferol exhibited anti-migratory effects on MDA-MB-231, an apoptotic induction effect on MCF-7 cells, and a synergistic effect when combined with raloxifene. Conclusions Calcitriol and cholecalciferol exhibited anticancer effects and may be used as chemosensitizers.

Effect of Three Major Polyphenols in Red Wine on Sodium Channel Current in Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglia Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 790 ◽  
pp. 525-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ling Wu ◽  
Yan Ping Ding ◽  
Yoshimasa Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Channel ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Neuronal Excitation ◽  
Anticancer Effects

It has been reported that polyphenols in red wine have potentially protective effects such as vasodilation, lowering blood pressure, reduction of endothelin synthesis, antioxidation, anticancer effects, and inhibition of kinases, whereas the precise mechanism underlying the polyphenol effects remains obscure. In this study, patch-clamp test was employed in order to examine the effect of three major polyphenols, quercetin, resveratrol, and catechin, extracted from red wine on sodium channel currents in mouse dorsal root ganglia cells. The three polyphenols more or less suppressed the sodium channel activity in a concentration-dependent manner. This suggests the sedative impact of polyphenols on the neuronal excitation.

The Cellular Uptake and Apoptotic Efficiency of Colchicine is Correlated with Downregulation of MMP-9 mRNA Expression in SW480 Colon Cancer Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 1927-1933
Author(s):  
Nuri Ozmen ◽  
Ecem Kaya-Sezginer ◽  
Filiz Bakar-Ates
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Sw480 Cells

Background: Colchicine, a tricyclic alkaloid, is commonly used in treatment due to its antiinflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Besides its toxicity at high doses, colchicine is reported for its potential anticancer effects at lower concentrations. The present study aimed to evaluate the anticancer effects of colchicine in SW480 cells. Methods: The effect of colchicine on cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay. The cellular colchicine uptake was measured by HPLC analysis. The apoptotic effects was evaluated by annexin v binding assay and MMP-9 mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR experiments. Results: Colchicine showed significant cytotoxicity at 10 ng/ml and higher concentrations and caused a cell cycle arrest of SW480 cells at G2/M phase. The results of HPLC analysis showed that colchicine uptake was increased in correlation with treated concentrations. Colchicine concentrations have increased the amount of apoptotic cell population. The elisa and western blot measurements showed that colchicine led to nuclear translocation of NF-κB proteins and increased caspase levels. The real time PCR experiments showed that colchicine has inhibitory effect on MMP-9 mRNA expression in a concentration dependent manner. Conclusion: These results illustrated that low dose colchicine efficiently induced cell death and apoptosis of SW480 cells and the inhibition of MMP-9 mRNA levels was significantly correlated with the amount of cellular colchicine uptake, suggesting that colchicine has a potential value in the treatment of human colorectal cancer.

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