scholarly journals Spawning of French grunts, Haemulon flavolineatum, in recirculating aquarium systems

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9417
Author(s):  
Leah Maurer ◽  
Matthew Dawson ◽  
Larry Boles ◽  
Stacy Knight ◽  
Andrew Stamper
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Ideal Candidate ◽  
Environmental Manipulation ◽  
Haemulon Flavolineatum ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Human Care ◽  
French Grunt

Background Because the French grunt, Haemulon flavolineatum, is an ecologically important reef fish prized by both recreational anglers and public aquariums, the wild population requires limits on harvests. Yet, the environmental conditions conducive for French grunt spawning in aquarium settings is not well understood. Therefore, the goal of this study was to document the conditions leading to voluntary spawning and the number of eggs produced by French grunts without the use of hormones or artificial insemination. Methods We hypothesized and verified that it is possible for French grunts to spontaneously spawn in human care. Forty individuals were collected around the Florida Keys and haphazardly stocked in five recirculating seawater systems each containing two 250-L circular tanks. Over the course of 87 days, eggs were collected daily from each system and environmental parameters were monitored. Results Total daily number of eggs released ranged from 0 to 207,644 eggs. Of the observed environmental parameters, temperature and alkalinity had the greatest impact on number of eggs released. This study demonstrates that it is possible for French grunts to reproduce in captivity with little environmental manipulation, thus an ideal candidate to culture for the zoo/aquarium industry.

scholarly journals Assessing the Psychological Priorities for Optimising Captive Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) Welfare

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Stuart Veasey
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Asian Elephants ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Human Care ◽  
Species Specific

The welfare status of elephants under human care has been a contentious issue for two decades or more in numerous western countries. Much effort has gone into assessing the welfare of captive elephants at individual and population levels with little consensus having been achieved in relation to both the welfare requirements of captive elephants, or their absolute welfare status. A methodology capable of identifying the psychological priorities of elephants would greatly assist in both managing and assessing captive elephant welfare. Here, a Delphi-based Animal Welfare Priority Identification System© (APWIS©) is trialled to evaluate the reliability of the methodology and to determine the welfare significance of individual behaviours and cognitive processes for Asian elephants (Elaphus maximus). APWIS© examines the motivational characteristics, evolutionary significance and established welfare impacts of individual behaviours and cognitive processes of each species being assessed. The assessment carried out here indicates appetitive behaviours essential for survival in the wild, together species-specific social and cognitive opportunities are likely to be important to the welfare of Asian elephant in captivity. The output of this assessment, for the first time, provides comprehensive species-specific psychological/welfare priorities for Asian elephants that should be used to inform husbandry guidelines, habitat design and management strategies and can also provide a valuable reference tool for Asian elephant welfare assessment. The effective application of these insights could lead to substantive improvements in captive Asian elephant welfare.

Inducing Mating and Oviposition of the Warble Flies Hypoderma bovis (L.) and H. lineatum (De Vill.) (Diptera: Oestridae) in Captivity

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Weintraub
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
Hypoderma Bovis ◽  
In Captivity

Certain investigations of the cattle grubs Hypoderma bovis (L.) and H. lineatum (De Vill.) have been hampered by difficulties in inducing the flies to mate and oviposit in captivity. For example, Parish (1955, 1957) suggested that infesting cattle with standard numbers of grubs would facilitate properly controlled experiments with therapeutic agents, and hc attempted artificial insemination of the female flies toward this objective. In addition, procedures that would induce mating and oviposition in thc laboratory could be used to analyse the reproductive behavior of the flies and the characteiistics of the resulting cattle grub populations.

scholarly journals Breeding profiles at the periparturient stage in captive red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) mating naturally or subjected to artificial insemination in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-302
Author(s):  
Minoru Yatu ◽  
Mitsuhiro Sato ◽  
Jin Kobayashi ◽  
Toshihiro Ichijyo ◽  
Hiroshi Satoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Bovine Semen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Semen Extender

AbstractIntroduction: Breeding profiles at the periparturient stage in red foxes which mated naturally or were subjected to artificial insemination were retrospectively surveyed using 130 vixens during their reproductive seasons of 2012–2017 in Japan. Material and Methods: Natural mating vixens were encouraged a maximum of three times with the same male, while artificial insemination was conducted using frozen-thawed semen with the bovine semen extender as a diluent. Results: With natural mating, conception rates after one, two, and three copulations were 55.8%, 68.0%, and 85.7%, respectively, showing a significant difference between the rates for one and three copulations. Conception rates with artificial insemination were 82.4%. Mean gestation periods were between 52.1 and 53.3 days in all groups. Mean litter sizes were 3.7–4.3 cubs with natural mating, and 4.4 cubs with artificial insemination. Although some sporadic and inconsistent changes in litter sizes were noted between primiparous and multiparous groups, these were of doubtful clinical importance. Conclusion: This is the first report from Japan concerning basic breeding events of red fox vixens in captivity.

scholarly journals Bilateral Intratesticular Spermatoceles in a Critically Endangered Dama Gazelle (Nanger dama mhorr)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Riley E. Thompson ◽  
Holly J. Haefele ◽  
Daniel P. O’Neil ◽  
Budhan S. Pukazhenthi
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Normal Sperm ◽  
The Us ◽  
In Captivity

Dama gazelles (Nanger dama mhorr) are considered critically endangered by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species since the wild population is comprised of fewer than 200 animals. Several zoos in Europe and some private ranches in the US (Texas) maintain this species in captivity as a hedge against extinction. A routine reproductive exam on an adult male revealed bilateral cysts in the testicular parenchyma. The fluid in the cysts contained copious, moderately progressive motile spermatozoa. Following examination, the gazelle was diagnosed with bilateral intratesticular spermatoceles. Electroejaculation yielded 1.5 ml of semen containing 387×106 total sperm with 50% motility and 45% morphologically normal sperm. The spermatoceles did not appear to cause pain or dysfunction, so no treatment was performed at this time. Since fewer than 10 animals are managed in captivity in the US, no intervention (castration/hemicastration) was considered.

Observations on the behaviour of the smoky mouse Pseudomys fumeus (Rodentia: Muridae).

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
RE Woods ◽  
FD Ford
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
New South ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
South Wales ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild

This study examined aspects of behaviour in a captive colony of smoky mice, Pseudomys fumeus, over a two year period. Wherever possible behaviours observed in the captive population are compared to data collected in a study of a wild population in south-eastern New South Wales. This paper provides the first recorded observations of behavior in this species. Both captive and wild populations of P. fumeus display strictly nocturnal circadian activity rhythms. In the captive study, P. fumeus were found to exhibit social interactions similar to some previously studied Pseudomys species. However, in the wild, the species was found to communally nest during the breeding season, behaviour not observed in other Pseudomys from similar habitats. P. fumeus in captivity can have more than two litters in one breeding season which suggests that their reproductive parameters are more flexible than previous studies of wild populations have shown. Field data indicate that post-partum oestrus can occur in this species, and that gestation lasts for approximately 30 days, although these observations are based on a small sample.

Augmentation of French grunt diet description using combined visual and DNA-based analyses

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Hargrove ◽  
Daryl C. Parkyn ◽  
Debra J. Murie ◽  
Amanda W. J. Demopoulos ◽  
James D. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Dietary Analysis ◽  
Haemulon Flavolineatum ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pharyngeal Teeth ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Trophic Linkages ◽  
French Grunt

Trophic linkages within a coral-reef ecosystem may be difficult to discern in fish species that reside on, but do not forage on, coral reefs. Furthermore, dietary analysis of fish can be difficult in situations where prey is thoroughly macerated, resulting in many visually unrecognisable food items. The present study examined whether the inclusion of a DNA-based method could improve the identification of prey consumed by French grunt, Haemulon flavolineatum, a reef fish that possesses pharyngeal teeth and forages on soft-bodied prey items. Visual analysis indicated that crustaceans were most abundant numerically (38.9%), followed by sipunculans (31.0%) and polychaete worms (5.2%), with a substantial number of unidentified prey (12.7%). For the subset of prey with both visual and molecular data, there was a marked reduction in the number of unidentified sipunculans (visual – 31.1%, combined – 4.4%), unidentified crustaceans (visual – 15.6%, combined – 6.7%), and unidentified taxa (visual – 11.1%, combined – 0.0%). Utilising results from both methodologies resulted in an increased number of prey placed at the family level (visual – 6, combined – 33) and species level (visual – 0, combined – 4). Although more costly than visual analysis alone, our study demonstrated the feasibility of DNA-based identification of visually unidentifiable prey in the stomach contents of fish.

IDENTIFICATION OFFRANCISELLA NOATUNENSISIN NOVEL HOST SPECIES FRENCH GRUNT (HAEMULON FLAVOLINEATUM) AND CAESAR GRUNT (HAEMULON CARBONARIUM)

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Soto ◽  
Alexander E. Primus ◽  
Deborah B. Pouder ◽  
Robert H. George ◽  
Trevor J. Gerlach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Haemulon Flavolineatum ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
French Grunt

scholarly journals Trends in intake and outcomes for European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) in the Czech rescue centers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248422
Author(s):  
Gabriela Lukešová ◽  
Eva Voslarova ◽  
Vladimir Vecerek ◽  
Marijana Vucinic
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Erinaceus Europaeus ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
European Hedgehog ◽  
Human Care

The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) is a species found in abundance throughout Europe. Nevertheless, it has seen a decline in some regions. This study aimed to analyze trends in intake and outcomes for hedgehogs admitted into rescue centers in the Czech Republic. In the period from 2010 to 2019, 16,967 European hedgehogs were admitted in 34 rescue centers in the Czech Republic. Most hedgehogs were admitted in September (25.30%) and October (22.14%), the fewest in March (0.96%). Most admitted hedgehogs were hoglets (59.49%). The treatment was successful in 44.39% of admitted hedgehogs; those were subsequently released into the wild. On average, they stayed in rescue centers for 48.77 days (median of 30 days). Death or euthanasia was an outcome for 25.27% and 3.15% of admitted hedgehogs, respectively. Only 0.59% of the hedgehogs remained in captivity with a permanent handicap. The highest release rate was achieved in hedgehogs admitted after falls into pits and other openings (83.19%), whereas the least success was achieved in poisoned hedgehogs (13.21%). An increasing trend (rSp = 0.9273, p < 0.01) was found in the number of hedgehogs admitted to rescue centers during the monitored period. Furthermore, not all of them required human care. Given the fact that less than a half of the admitted hedgehogs could be released, raising public awareness of this issue could help to avoid unnecessary interventions (especially in hoglets).

Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) 2021 Environmental Summary, Reptile & Aquatics, Stowers Institute for Medical Research v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana P P Baumann ◽  
Richard Kupronis
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Research Environment ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Impact Research ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Chamaeleo Calyptratus

Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) are an increasingly popular model organism, and we have maintained a colony at the Stowers Institute since 2010. Due to the poikilothermic nature of these animals, achieving the correct macro and microenvironments plays an important role in successful long term colony maintenance. Despite being bred in captivity for many generations, relatively little husbandry information has been published regarding housing in a research environment. Recognizing that husbandry conditions and environmental parameters can impact research results we provide information about the housing, husbandry, maintenance, nutrition, and health for our colony of Veiled Chameleons. This information will be applicable to any chameleon housed in the facility in 2021.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document