scholarly journals The ability of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) to penetrate mesh crop covers used to protect potato crops against tomato potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli)

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9317
Author(s):  
Howard London ◽  
David J. Saville ◽  
Charles N. Merfield ◽  
Oluwashola Olaniyan ◽  
Stephen D. Wratten
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Crop Cover ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Potato Crops

In Central and North America, Australia and New Zealand, potato (Solanum tuberosum) crops are attacked by Bactericera cockerelli, the tomato potato psyllid (TPP). ‘Mesh crop covers’ which are used in Europe and Israel to protect crops from insect pests, have been used experimentally in New Zealand for TPP control. While the covers have been effective for TPP management, the green peach aphid (GPA, Myzus persicae) has been found in large numbers under the mesh crop covers. This study investigated the ability of the GPA to penetrate different mesh hole sizes. Experiments using four sizes (0.15 × 0.15, 0.15 × 0.35, 0.3 × 0.3 and 0.6 × 0.6 mm) were carried out under laboratory conditions to investigate: (i) which mesh hole size provided the most effective barrier to GPA; (ii) which morph of adult aphids (apterous or alate) and/or their progeny could breach the mesh crop cover; (iii) would leaves touching the underside of the cover, as opposed to having a gap between leaf and the mesh, increase the number of aphids breaching the mesh; and (iv) could adults feed on leaves touching the cover by putting only their heads and/or stylets through it? No adult aphids, either alate or apterous, penetrated the mesh crop cover; only nymphs did this, the majority being the progeny of alate adults. Nymphs of the smaller alatae aphids penetrated the three coarsest mesh sizes; nymphs of the larger apterae penetrated the two coarsest sizes, but no nymphs penetrated the smallest mesh size. There was no statistical difference in the number of aphids breaching the mesh crop cover when the leaflets touched its underside compared to when there was a gap between leaf and mesh crop cover. Adults did not feed through the mesh crop cover, though they may have been able to sense the potato leaflet using visual and/or olfactory cues and produce nymphs as a result. As these covers are highly effective for managing TPP on field potatoes, modifications of this protocol are required to make it effective against aphids as well as TPP.

scholarly journals Sulphur reduces egglaying in laboratory trials with tomato potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli)

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 386-386
Author(s):  
R. Gardner-Gee
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Assay Design ◽  
Whole Plants

Sulphur is mainly used as a fungicide but is known to have insecticidal properties against some insect pests A series of laboratory studies was conducted to assess its effect on the tomato potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli; TPP) a recently established pest species in New Zealand that transmits the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso) Short assays (8805; 24 h) using dipped leaves indicated that fresh sulphur residues had no discernible impact on TPP settlement patterns or onleaf behaviour However longer assays (8805; 72 h) using whole plants indicated that sulphur residues can disrupt egglaying behaviour but the effect was dependent on the assay design In 72 h choice assays TPP laid fewer eggs on plants sprayed with sulphur compared with control plants In nochoice assays sulphur residues did not consistently reduce egglaying Together these results suggest that sulphur may slow the buildup of TPP populations within crops by deterring egglaying However the lack of repellence or antifeeding properties means that sulphur treatments alone may not be sufficient to prevent the transmission of Lso by TPP

scholarly journals The southern ladybird (Cleobora mellyi) as a new species association biocontrol agent of tomatopotato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli)

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 321-321
Author(s):  
A.R. Pugh ◽  
D.M. O'Connell ◽  
S.D. Wratten
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Greenhouse Whitefly ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Floral Resource ◽  
Potato Crops

Since its discovery in New Zealand in 2006 the tomatopotato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli) (TPP) has emerged as a major pest of solanaceous crops In potato crops the management of TPP has predominantly relied on insecticide applications as biological control by generalist predators has been constrained by both insecticide use and temporal and spatial scales This research sought to further investigate a generalist predator already established in New Zealand the southern ladybird (Cleobora mellyi) introduced from Tasmania as a biocontrol agent for Paropsis charybdis in the 1970s and 1980s as a potential biocontrol agent of TPP The southern ladybirds prey selection ladybird longevity and ladybirdTPP predatorprey dynamics were investigated A choice test assay utilised small experimental arenas of three alternative choices between (1) TPP and green peach aphid Myzus persicae (2) TPP and potato aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae and (3) TPP and greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum Cleobora mellyi larvae and adults did not demonstrate a significant prey preference between TPP and either green peach aphid or potato aphid but did show a significant aversion to greenhouse whitefly Longevity trials consisted of a water only control and three treatments (1) a floral resource (flowering buckwheat) (2) 10 TPP/day or (3) flowering buckwheat 10 TPP/day All three treatments lived significantly longer than the water only control and southern ladybirds adults lived significantly longer when given both the floral resource and TPP compared to only being given TPP A glasshouse mesocosm study was used to investigate ladybirdTPP predatorprey dynamics Within 3 weeks the southern ladybird had significantly reduced TPP densities in the treatment in which they were present along with potato plants and TPP compared to the treatment without ladybirds a reduction that was maintained until the completion of the experiment Where there was only TPP and no ladybird no potato tubers were formed; in the presence of southern ladybird small and few potato tubers were formed while the most tubers were produced in insectfree controls This indicates a specieslevel trophic cascade This study has shown that the southern ladybird is capable of predating upon TPP and reducing densities within the controlled conditions of a glasshouse However with the current state of knowledge the southern ladybird is not likely to be a viable predator for controlling TPP in potato crops outside glasshouses in New Zealand This is due in part to the freedom to disperse in the field the economics of such large scale rearing and fundamental differences in habitat type compared to their natural environment but applications in alternative contexts cannot be ruled out

scholarly journals A volatile compound 2undecanone increases walking but not flying tomato potato psyllid movement toward an odour source

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Davidson ◽  
R.C. Butler ◽  
N.M. Taylor ◽  
M-C. Nielsen ◽  
C.E. Sansom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Volatile Compound ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Odour Source ◽  
Important Pest

Bactericera cockerelli (tomato potato psyllid; TPP) is an important pest of solanaceous crops in New Zealand and North America A volatile compound that alters the behaviour of TPP could be developed into a component of an integrated pest management strategy for solanaceous crops One compound 2undecanone was found to increase the percentages of female and male TPP (65 P

Seasonal Dispersal of the Potato Psyllid,Bactericera cockerelli, into Potato Crops

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warrick R. Nelson ◽  
Kylie D. Swisher ◽  
James M. Crosslin ◽  
Joseph E. Munyaneza
Keyword(s):  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Potato Crops

scholarly journals Investigation into the entry pathway for tomato potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Thomas ◽  
D.C. Jones ◽  
L.B. Kumarasinghe ◽  
J.E. Richmond ◽  
G.S.C. Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum ◽  
Entry Pathway ◽  
Initial Investigation ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter

The tomato potato psyllid (TPP) Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera Triozidae) was first notified to the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) in May 2006 although it has been suggested by several authors to have been present in New Zealand in 2005 MAF undertook an entry pathway analysis during the initial investigation into TPP in 2006 TPP is a vector of the bacteriumlike pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (liberibacter) and MAF further analysed the entry pathway of TPP during the liberibacter incursion response in 2008 This paper summarises the data and reasoning behind the conclusion that TPP was most plausibly introduced to New Zealand as a result of smuggling rather than through slippage on regulated pathways

scholarly journals Main characteristics to distinguish Bactericera cockerelli from other psyllids in New Zealand

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 411-411
Author(s):  
P.J. Dale ◽  
M-C. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Size And Shape

The tomato/potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera Triozidae) is found throughout most of New Zealand along with a range of native and other introduced psyllids all belonging to the superfamily Psylloidea The Psylloidea contains six families of which four are recorded from New Zealand (Psyllidae Calophyidae Homotomidae and Triozidae) Species belonging to Triozidae have trifurcate branching on the basal vein of the forewing in contrast to the other psyllid families in New Zealand which have bifurcate branching Bactericera cockerelli can be distinguished from other Triozidae species by the number of inner apical spurs on the tibiae of the hind legs (2) size and shape of the cubital cell in the forewing (short and compact) absence of long setae on vertex and dorsal thoracic surfaces and the lack of well developed genal cones Illustrations of these characters can be seen on insectwatchcom Usually body markings in insects are not suitable for identification purposes since these are likely to vary However the very distinct markings (white marginal and inner patch) on the vertex (dorsal surface of head) of B cockerelli seem stable and are a very useful characteristic for distinguishing this species from other psyllids in New Zealand

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