scholarly journals Does polyandry really pay off? The effects of multiple mating and number of fathers on morphological traits and survival in clutches of nesting green turtles at Tortuguero

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonzo Alfaro-Núñez ◽  
Michael P. Jensen ◽  
F. Alberto Abreu-Grobois
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Green Turtles

scholarly journals Polyandry pays off: The effects of multiple mating and number of fathers on morphological traits and survival in clutches of nesting green turtles at Tortuguero

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonzo Alfaro-Núñez ◽  
Michael P. Jensen ◽  
F. Alberto Abreu-Grobois
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Environmental Variable ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Exact Number ◽  
Paternal Contribution ◽  
Emergence Success ◽  
Significant Difference

Despite the long debate of whether or not multiple mating benefits the offspring, studies still show contradicting results. Multiple mating takes time and energy. Thus, if females fertilize their eggs with a single mating, why to mate more than once? We investigated and inferred paternal identity and number of sires in 12 clutches (240 hatchlings) of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nests at Tortuguero, Costa Rica. Paternal alleles were inferred through comparison of maternal and hatchling genotypes, and indicated multiple paternity in at least 11 of the clutches (92%). The inferred average number of fathers was three (ranging from 1 to 5). This in returns suggests that most females successfully got fecundated by at least three males. Moreover, regression analyses were used to investigate for correlation of inferred clutch paternity with morphological traits of hatchlings fitness (emergence success, length, weight and crawling speed); and size of the mother; and an environmental variable (incubation temperature). We suggest and propose two different comparative approaches for evaluating morphological traits and clutch paternity, in order to infer greater offspring survival. First, clutches coded by the exact number of fathers and second by the exact paternal contribution (fathers who gives greater proportion of the offspring per nest). We found significant differences (P < 0.05) in clutches coded by the exact number of fathers for all morphological traits, where a tendency of higher values in offspring sired by two to three fathers was found. The second approach analysing the paternal contribution showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) for any of the traits. The main conclusion is that multiple mating analysed by the exact number of inferred fathers significantly affects the survival of the offspring regardless of morphological trait measured.

scholarly journals Does polyandry really pay off?: The effects of multiple mating and number of fathers on morphological traits and survival in clutches of nesting green turtles at Tortuguero

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonzo Alfaro-Núñez ◽  
Michael P. MPJ Jensen ◽  
F. Alberto Abreu-Grobois
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Exact Number ◽  
Paternal Contribution ◽  
Emergence Success ◽  
Significant Difference

Despite the long debate of whether or not multiple mating benefits the offspring, studies still show contradicting results. Multiple mating takes time and energy. Thus, if females fertilize their eggs with a single mating, why to mate more than once? We investigated and inferred paternal identity and number of sires in 12 clutches (240 hatchlings) of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nests at Tortuguero, Costa Rica. Paternal alleles were inferred through comparison of maternal and hatchling genotypes, and indicated multiple paternity in at least 11 of the clutches (92%). The inferred average number of fathers was three (ranging from 1 to 5). Moreover, regression analyses were used to investigate for correlation of inferred clutch paternity with morphological traits of hatchlings fitness (emergence success, length, weight and crawling speed); and size of the mother; and an environmental variable (incubation temperature). We suggest and propose two different comparative approaches for evaluating morphological traits and clutch paternity, in order to infer greater offspring survival. First, clutches coded by the exact number of fathers and second by the exact paternal contribution (fathers who gives greater proportion of the offspring per nest). We found significant differences (P < 0.05) in clutches coded by the exact number of fathers for all morphological traits. A general tendency of higher values in offspring sired by two to three fathers was observed for the length and weight traits. However, emergence success and crawling speed showed different trends which unable us to reach any further conclusion. The second approach analysing the paternal contribution showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) for any of the traits. We conclude that multiple paternity does not provide any extra benefit in the morphological fitness traits or the survival of the offspring, when analysed following the proposed comparative statistical methods.

scholarly journals Does polyandry really pay off?: The effects of multiple mating and number of fathers on morphological traits and survival in clutches of nesting green turtles at Tortuguero

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonzo Alfaro-Núñez ◽  
Michael P. Jensen ◽  
F. Alberto Abreu-Grobois
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Exact Number ◽  
Paternal Contribution ◽  
Emergence Success ◽  
Significant Difference

Despite the long debate of whether or not multiple mating benefits the offspring, studies still show contradicting results. Multiple mating takes time and energy. Thus, if females fertilize their eggs with a single mating, why to mate more than once? We investigated and inferred paternal identity and number of sires in 12 clutches (240 hatchlings) of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nests at Tortuguero, Costa Rica. Paternal alleles were inferred through comparison of maternal and hatchling genotypes, and indicated multiple paternity in at least 11 of the clutches (92%). The inferred average number of fathers was three (ranging from 1 to 5). Moreover, regression analyses were used to investigate for correlation of inferred clutch paternity with morphological traits of hatchlings fitness (emergence success, length, weight and crawling speed); and size of the mother; and an environmental variable (incubation temperature). We suggest and propose two different comparative approaches for evaluating morphological traits and clutch paternity, in order to infer greater offspring survival. First, clutches coded by the exact number of fathers and second by the exact paternal contribution (fathers who gives greater proportion of the offspring per nest). We found significant differences (P < 0.05) in clutches coded by the exact number of fathers for all morphological traits. A general tendency of higher values in offspring sired by two to three fathers was observed for the length and weight traits. However, emergence success and crawling speed showed different trends which unable us to reach any further conclusion. The second approach analysing the paternal contribution showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) for any of the traits. We conclude that multiple paternity does not provide any extra benefit in the morphological fitness traits or the survival of the offspring, when analysed following the proposed comparative statistical methods.

scholarly journals Does polyandry really pay off?: The effects of multiple mating and number of fathers on morphological traits and survival in clutches of nesting green turtles at Tortuguero

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonzo Alfaro-Núñez ◽  
Michael P. Jensen ◽  
F. Alberto Abreu-Grobois
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Exact Number ◽  
Paternal Contribution ◽  
Emergence Success ◽  
Significant Difference

Despite the long debate of whether or not multiple mating benefits the offspring, studies still show contradicting results. Multiple mating takes time and energy. Thus, if females fertilize their eggs with a single mating, why to mate more than once? We investigated and inferred paternal identity and number of sires in 12 clutches (240 hatchlings) of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nests at Tortuguero, Costa Rica. Paternal alleles were inferred through comparison of maternal and hatchling genotypes, and indicated multiple paternity in at least 11 of the clutches (92%). The inferred average number of fathers was three (ranging from 1 to 5). Moreover, regression analyses were used to investigate for correlation of inferred clutch paternity with morphological traits of hatchlings fitness (emergence success, length, weight and crawling speed); and size of the mother; and an environmental variable (incubation temperature). We suggest and propose two different comparative approaches for evaluating morphological traits and clutch paternity, in order to infer greater offspring survival. First, clutches coded by the exact number of fathers and second by the exact paternal contribution (fathers who gives greater proportion of the offspring per nest). We found significant differences (P < 0.05) in clutches coded by the exact number of fathers for all morphological traits. A general tendency of higher values in offspring sired by two to three fathers was observed for the length and weight traits. However, emergence success and crawling speed showed different trends which unable us to reach any further conclusion. The second approach analysing the paternal contribution showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) for any of the traits. We conclude that multiple paternity does not provide any extra benefit in the morphological fitness traits or the survival of the offspring, when analysed following the proposed comparative statistical methods.

PROFILING OF GUAVA GENOTYPES GROWN IN VIDARBHA CONDITIONS ON THE BASIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. PATIL ◽  
S.G. BHARAD ◽  
S.N. SAWANT
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Tree Leaf ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Intrapopulation Diversity

Assessment of genetic diversity in the available germplasm is the prerequisite for development of improved genotypes through planned breeding programmes. In the view of this Forty-eight genotypes of seedling origin guava along with 1 check (L-49/Sardar) collected and conserved at germplasm block, Main Garden, Department of Horticulture, Dr. P. D. A. University, Akola were evaluated for genetic variability and diversity based on the qualitative characteristics. The genotypes were evaluated for sixteen morphological traitsviz. tree, leaf, floral and fruit traits. Results Show considerable extent of variability amongst the 49 genotypes in each traits. A sizeable amount of intrapopulation diversity recorded can be used to identify diverse parents which can be utilized in hybridization programmes.

Tumor re-growth, case outcome, and tumor scoring systems in rehabilitated green turtles with fibropapillomatosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Page-Karjian ◽  
JR Perrault ◽  
B Zirkelbach ◽  
J Pescatore ◽  
R Riley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Case Outcome
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