The effects of single versus multiple training sessions on the motor learning of two Krav Maga strike techniques, in women

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27984 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Vincenzo E. Di Bacco ◽

Mehran Taherzadeh ◽

Olivier Birot ◽

William H. Gage

Keyword(s):

Motor Learning ◽

Impact Force ◽

Training Session ◽

Defense System ◽

Body Movements ◽

Additional Training ◽

Self Defense ◽

Simple Body ◽

Single Versus ◽

Healthy Females

Background. Experts of the Krav Maga (KM) self-defense system propose that KM techniques are based on simple body movements which are suggested to be learned rapidly and retained. This study investigated the acquisition, retention, and further improvement with additional training of two KM strike techniques among novice female practitioners: straight punch and defensive kick. Methods. Sixteen healthy females (age: 23 ± 3.7 years) without any previous martial arts/self-defense experience volunteered to participate. All participants received an initial 30-minute instruction session (AQ), taught by a certified KM instructor, where each technique was deconstructed into three checkpoints (defined as a component of the entire movement) for learning. Participants were divided into two groups, one of which received additional training. Several kinematic and kinetic measures were recorded at four timepoints: immediately before AQ, immediately after AQ, five days after AQ, and twelve days after AQ. Results. Results suggest that both techniques were learned rapidly, as checkpoint performance was significantly improved after AQ. Kick velocity and impact force also increased significantly after AQ, however, these measures did not change after AQ for the punch technique. Additional training did not improve either punch or kick performance beyond that learned during AQ. Conclusion. The findings from this study suggest that a single training session may be sufficient to learn and retain KM strike techniques relatively permanently; and the acquisition of the kick technique may lead to concomitant improvements in kick velocity and impact force.

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The effects of single versus multiple training sessions on the motor learning of two Krav Maga strike techniques, in women

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27984v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Vincenzo E. Di Bacco ◽

Mehran Taherzadeh ◽

Olivier Birot ◽

William H. Gage

Keyword(s):

Motor Learning ◽

Impact Force ◽

Training Session ◽

Defense System ◽

Body Movements ◽

Additional Training ◽

Self Defense ◽

Simple Body ◽

Single Versus ◽

Healthy Females

Background. Experts of the Krav Maga (KM) self-defense system propose that KM techniques are based on simple body movements which are suggested to be learned rapidly and retained. This study investigated the acquisition, retention, and further improvement with additional training of two KM strike techniques among novice female practitioners: straight punch and defensive kick. Methods. Sixteen healthy females (age: 23 ± 3.7 years) without any previous martial arts/self-defense experience volunteered to participate. All participants received an initial 30-minute instruction session (AQ), taught by a certified KM instructor, where each technique was deconstructed into three checkpoints (defined as a component of the entire movement) for learning. Participants were divided into two groups, one of which received additional training. Several kinematic and kinetic measures were recorded at four timepoints: immediately before AQ, immediately after AQ, five days after AQ, and twelve days after AQ. Results. Results suggest that both techniques were learned rapidly, as checkpoint performance was significantly improved after AQ. Kick velocity and impact force also increased significantly after AQ, however, these measures did not change after AQ for the punch technique. Additional training did not improve either punch or kick performance beyond that learned during AQ. Conclusion. The findings from this study suggest that a single training session may be sufficient to learn and retain KM strike techniques relatively permanently; and the acquisition of the kick technique may lead to concomitant improvements in kick velocity and impact force.

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The Quick Defense Personal Self-Defense System

Protection, Security, and Safeguards ◽

10.1201/9781420041897-26 ◽

2000 ◽

pp. 301-310

Keyword(s):

Defense System ◽

Self Defense

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UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANTI-UV Phyllidiella nigra DAN BAKTERI SIMBIOTIKNYA DARI PERAIRAN TANJUNG MANDOLANG

JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS ◽

10.35800/jplt.8.2.2020.29768 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Tessalonica Dajoh ◽

Robert A Bara ◽

Esther Angkouw ◽

Medy Ompi ◽

Rosita A Lintang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Bacillus Megaterium ◽

Absorption Maximum ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Defense System ◽

E Coli ◽

Self Defense

Phyllidiella nigra is an organism that is suspected to have secondary metabolites because their ability to develop its self defense system by camouflage and using chemical compounds derived from their nature diet as deterrent against their predators. The purpose of this study was to isolate symbiotic bacterial derived from P. nigra, extracted and followed by, the antibacterial assays against Escherichia coli and Bacillus megaterium as well as the anti-UV assay. The results showed that the five isolates tested had an antibacterial activity with the highest average inhibition zone against E. coli DSM 498 bacteria, isolate 1 (14.67 mm), isolate 5 (14 mm), and against B. Megaterium DSM 32T bacteria, isolate 3 (13.33 mm). The three isolates which had the highest inhibition zone and P. nigra extract were tested for anti-UV assay using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The results obtained isolate 3 has absorption of UV-A with the UV absorbtion maximum at λ 340 nm and P. nigra extract has absorption on UV-B radiation with UV absorption maximum at λ 290 nm. Key words: Nudibranchia, Bacteria, Anti-bacteial, Anti-UV Phyllidiella nigra merupakan organisme yang diduga memiliki metabolit sekunder karena mampu mengembangkan sistem pertahanan dirinya dengan cara kamuflase dan menggunakan senyawa kimia sebagai racun yang didapat dari makanannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendapatkan isolat bakteri yang bersimbiosis dengan P. nigra, mendapatkan ekstrak dari baktri simbion, dan menguji antibakteri dan anti-UV ekstrak etil aseta bakteri simbion dengan metode difusi agar terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Bacillus megaterium. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kelima isolat yang diuji memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dengan rerata zona hambat tertinggi terhadap bakteri E. coli DSM 498 yaitu isolat 1 (14,67 mm), isolat 5 (14 mm), dan terhadap baktri B. megaterium DSM 32T yaitu isolat 3 (13,33 mm). Ketiga isolat yang memiliki zona hambat tertinggi dan ekstrak P. nigra diujikan anti-UV menggunakan alat UV-Vis Spektrofotometer. Hasil yang didapat isolat 3 memiliki serapan terhadap radiasi sinar UV-A dengan puncak tertinggi pada λ 340 nm dan ekstrak P. nigra memiliki serapan terhadap radiasi sinar UV-B dengan puncak tertinggi berada pada λ 290 nm. Kata kunci: Nudibranchia, Bacteria, Anti-bacteial, Anti-UV

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Consolidation Effects in a Full-Body Diving Task

Journal of Motor Learning and Development ◽

10.1123/jmld.2016-0048 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 291-303

Author(s):

Maxime Trempe ◽

Jean-Luc Gohier ◽

Mathieu Charbonneau ◽

Jonathan Tremblay

Keyword(s):

Skill Acquisition ◽

Training Session ◽

Video Camera ◽

The Body ◽

Initial Training ◽

Body Movements ◽

Training Tool ◽

Significant Performance ◽

The Moment ◽

Full Body

In recent years, it has been shown that spacing training sessions by several hours allows the consolidation of motor skills in the brain, a process leading to the stabilization of the skills and, sometimes, further improvement without additional practice. At the moment, it is unknown whether consolidation can lead to an improvement in performance when the learner performs complex full-body movements. To explore this question, we recruited 10 divers and had them practice a challenging diving maneuver. Divers first performed an initial training session, consisting of 12 dives during which visual feedback was provided immediately after each dive through video replay. Two retention tests without feedback were performed 30 min and 24 hr after the initial training session. All dives were recorded using a video camera and the participants’ performance was assessed by measuring the verticality of the body segments at water entry. Significant performance gains were observed in the 24-hr retention test (p < .05). These results suggest that the learning of complex full-body movements can benefit from consolidation and that splitting practice sessions can be used as a training tool to facilitate skill acquisition.

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The 1Touch Project: A Pilot Study of a Program to Teach Individuals who Are Visually Impaired Self-Defense

Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness ◽

10.1177/0145482x1811200403 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 112 (4) ◽

pp. 361-371

Author(s):

Tessa McCarthy ◽

Miranda D. Brown ◽

Stephen H. Nicholls

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Low Vision ◽

Training Session ◽

Geographic Location ◽

Initial Training ◽

Psychological Benefits ◽

Intensive Training ◽

Self Defense ◽

Key Skills ◽

Psychosocial Benefits

Introduction This pilot study evaluated the percentage of skills participants in the 1Touch Project Coaching Certification Course mastered after intensive training, as well as the maintenance of these skills six months after the initial training session. In addition, the potential psychosocial benefits of the training were evaluated. Methods In this posttest-only, pre-experimental study, participants with visual impairments (that is, those who are blind or have low vision) were trained in skills, and observers assessed the accuracy of participants on each of 76 skills. Participants completed surveys before and after training to indicate self-perceived psychosocial growth as a result of participating in the training. Results On average, participants mastered 84.75% of the 76 steps involved in the key skills of the 1Touch program, with a range of mastery from 60.53% to 100.00%. When assessed six months after the initial training, the average level of skill mastery was 89.68%, with a range of 53.95% to 100.00%, indicating there was not a noteworthy decline in the skills that had been mastered just after training. The return rate on the surveys measuring psychosocial benefits was too low to allow accurate statistical analysis, but potentially promising trends were identified based on the increased average response from pretest to posttest. Discussion These benefits were achieved after a brief training that could be conducted in virtually any geographic location with relatively few resources. Implications for practitioners Providing accessible instruction in self-defense using a program like 1Touch may lead to both physical and psychological benefits.

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Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a cDNA Encoding a Transferrin Homolog from Bombyx mori

Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1515/bc.1999.188 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 380 (12) ◽

pp. 1455-1459 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Eun Young Yun ◽

Seok Woo Kang ◽

Jae Sam Hwang ◽

Tae Won Goo ◽

Sang Hyun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bombyx Mori ◽

Cdna Sequence ◽

The Self ◽

Open Reading Frame ◽

Iron Binding ◽

Defense System ◽

Reading Frame ◽

E Coli ◽

Self Defense

Abstract We isolated a cDNA representing a message that was strongly induced by injection with E. coli in Bombyx mori. The 2160 bp cDNA has an open reading frame of 644 amino acids and the deduced product a predicted molecular mass of 71 kDa. The cDNA sequence shared high homology with the transferrins known so far, and its deduced peptide had unique features of transferrins, that is, sites of cystein residues and iron binding. We suggest that the B. mori transferrin plays an important role in the self-defense system.

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Women’s Security using Wrist Band

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijeat.f1363.0986s319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6S3) ◽

pp. 1892-1894

Keyword(s):

Temperature Sensor ◽

Defense System ◽

Police Station ◽

Self Defense ◽

Alert Message ◽

Women And Children ◽

Knock Sensor ◽

Sensor Temperature ◽

Day By Day

Nowadays, women and children safety is a prime issue of our society. The count of the victim is increasing day by day. In this paper, we are proposing a model which will develop a self defense system especially for women to ensure the safety and to protect themselves from present day physical harassments. We have used different sensors like the knock sensor, temperature sensor, 3-axis accelerometer. We have also used GPS which will help to detect the location of the device. GSM used in the model is used to send the alert message to predefined number, police station. We have proposed embedded microcontroller based device ARDUINO which will help to continuously monitor values of different sensors and GPS used in the device.

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