scholarly journals Characterization of a Mn-SOD from the desert beetle Microdera punctipennis and its increased resistance to cold stress in E. coli cells

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8507
Author(s):  
Zilajiguli Xikeranmu ◽  
Ji Ma ◽  
Xiaoning Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Prokaryotic Expression Vector ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Desert Beetle

Insects have developed a complex network of enzymatic antioxidant systems for handling reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during stress. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) play a determinant role in balancing ROS in insect. However, studies devoted to SODs functions in insects under cold stress are limited. In the present study, we attempted to identify and characterize a mitochondrial manganese SOD (mMn-SOD) from the desert beetle Micordera punctipennis (denoted as MpmMn-SOD) and explore its protective effects on bacteria cells under cold stress. MpmMn-SOD is composed of 202 amino acids with conserved domains required for metal ions binding and enzyme activity. RT-qPCR experiments revealed that the expression of MpmMn-SOD was ubiquitous but tissue-specific and was induced by cold stress. An E. coli (BL21) system was applied to study the function of MpmMn-SOD. The MpmMn-SOD gene was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a to generate a recombinant plasmid pET-32a(MpmMn-SOD). After transformation of the plasmid into E. coli BL21, the fusion protein Trx-His-MpmMn-SOD was overexpressed and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Antioxidant activity assay showed that the death zones of the transformed bacteria BL21 (pET32a-mMn-SOD) were smaller in diameter than the control bacteria BL21 (pET32a). Survival curves under −4 °C showed that BL21 (pET32a-mMn-SOD) had significant enhanced cold resistance compared to BL21 (pET32a). Its SOD activity under −4 °C had a significant negative correlation (r = − 0.995) with superoxide anion O2•− content. Accordingly, under cold stress BL21 (pET32a-mMn-SOD) had lower electric conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content than BL21 (pET32a). Taken together, our results showed that cold stress stimulated the expression of MpmMn-SOD in M. punctipennis. The E. coli cells that overexpress MpmMn-SOD increase their resistance to cold stress by scavenging ROS, and mitigate potential cell damage caused by ROS under cold conditions.

Protective Effects of Ginsenosides on 17α-Ethynyelstradiol-Induced Intrahepatic Cholestasis via Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (08) ◽  
pp. 1613-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Jiao Xu ◽  
Zao-Qin Yu ◽  
Cheng-Liang Zhang ◽  
Xi-Ping Li ◽  
Cheng-Yang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Total Bile Acid ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Mda Content

The present study was designed to assess the effects and potential mechanisms of ginsenosides on 17[Formula: see text]-ethynyelstradiol (EE)-induced intrahepatic cholestasis (IC). Ginsenoside at doses of 30, 100, 300[Formula: see text]mg/kg body weight was intragastrically (i.g.) given to rats for 5 days to examine the effect on EE-induced IC. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bile acid (TBA) were measured. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined. Protein expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-6 and IL-1[Formula: see text] was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results indicated that ginsenosides remarkably prevented EE-induced increase in the serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP and TBA. Moreover, the elevation of hepatic MDA content induced by EE was significantly reduced, while hepatic SOD activities were significantly increased when treated with ginsenosides. Histopathology of the liver tissue showed that pathological injuries were relieved after treatment with ginsenosides. In addition, treatment with ginsenosides could significantly downregulate the protein expression of TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-6 and IL-1[Formula: see text] compared with EE group. These findings indicate that ginsenosides exert the hepatoprotective effect on EE-induced intrahepatic cholestasis in rats, and this protection might be attributed to the attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation.

scholarly journals Effects of Xin-Ji-Er-Kang on Anticardiovascular Remodeling in L-NAME Induced Hypertensive Mice and Its Potential Mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Guo-wei Cai ◽  
Ling Ding ◽  
Juan Hu ◽  
Yong-xue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Enos Expression ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Cardiovascular Remodeling ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Ischemic Diseases

Background. Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) shows protective effects on the myocardial ischemic diseases in our previous reports. We hypothesized that XJEK may exert preventing effects on L-NAME induced hypertensive mice by ameliorating oxidative stress (OS) and endothelial dysfunction (ED). Methods. After treatment with XJEK for four weeks, cardiac function and cardiovascular pathology changes were evaluated. Then, endothelial-dependent vascular relaxation and serum NO, eNOS, AMDA, SOD, MDA content, and cardiac tissue eNOS expression were detected. Results. The hypertensive mice displayed distinct cardiovascular remodeling including increased HW/BW index (4.7 ± 0.33 versus 5.2 ± 0.34), cross-section area, and collagen deposition. In addition, ED was found manifested by decreased serum NO (20.54 ± 8.05 versus 6.29 ± 2.33), eNOS (28.34 ± 2.36 versus 20.37 ± 2.30), content, and decreased eNOS expression in cardiac tissue and damaged endothelium-dependent diastolic function. Moreover, OS was detected confirmed by decreased SOD activity and increased MDA content in serum. However, treatment with XJEK for 4 wk could reverse cardiovascular remodeling (HW/BW index normalized from 5.2 ± 0.34 to 4.59 ± 0.25), ameliorate and preserve endothelial function (NO: 16.67 ± 7.24 versus 6.29 ± 2.33; eNOS: 16.67 ± 7.24 versus 6.29 ± 2.33), and suppress OS. Conclusion. XJEK has protective effects against cardiovascular remodeling in L-NAME induced hypertensive mice.

scholarly journals Icaritin protects SH-SY5Y cells transfected with TDP-43 by alleviating mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11978
Author(s):  
Yongjian Zhou ◽  
Nanqu Huang ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Zhisheng Ba ◽  
Yanjun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Mitochondrial Damage ◽  
Atp Content ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Total Antioxidative Capacity ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of icaritin (ICT) on TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)-induced neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell damage and to further explore its underlying mechanisms. Methods To investigate the possible mechanism, TDP-43 was used to induce SH-SY5Y cell injury. Cell viability was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined with JC-1. The expression levels of TDP-43 and cytochrome C (CytC) were measuring by Western blotting. Changes in adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) content, total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected with specific kits. Results The results showed that ICT reduced the cell damage induced by TDP-43. ICT reduced the expression level of TDP-43; increased ATP content and the MMP; decreased CytC expression; increased T-AOC and GSH-Px, total SOD (T-SOD), copper/zinc SOD (CuZn-SOD), and manganese SOD (Mn-SOD) activity; and decreased MDA content. Conclusions The results suggest that ICT has a protective effect on TDP-43-transfected SH-SY5Y cells that is related to reductions in TDP-43 expression and mitochondrial damage and alleviation of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Waterlogging tolerance and recovery capability screening in peanut: a comparative analysis of waterlogging effects on physiological traits and yield

PeerJ ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e12741
Author(s):  
Ruier Zeng ◽  
Jing Cao ◽  
Xi Li ◽  
Xinyue Wang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Non Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Maximum Photochemical Efficiency

Fifteen peanut varieties at the pod filling stage were exposed to waterlogging stress for 7 days, the enzyme activities and fluorescence parameters were measured after 7 days of waterlogging and drainage. The waterlogging tolerance and recovery capability of varieties were identified. After waterlogging, waterlogging tolerance coefficient (WTC) of relative electrolyte linkage (REL), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and photochemical quenching (qL) of leaves of most peanut varieties were increased, while the WTC of the soil and plant analysis development (SPAD) value, PS II actual quantum yield (ΦPS II), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) were decreased. After drainage, the WTC of REL, MDA content, SOD and CAT activity of leaves were decreased compared with that of after waterlogging, but these indicators of a few cultivars were increased. ΦPS II, Fv/Fm and qL can be used as important indexes to identify waterlogging recovery capability. There was a significant negative correlation between recovery capability and the proportion of reduction in yield, while no significant correlation was found between waterlogging tolerance and the proportion of reduction in yield. Therefore, it is recommended to select varieties with high recovery capability and less pod number reduction under waterlogging in peanut breeding and cultivation.

scholarly journals Effects of Quercetin on Proliferation and H2O2-Induced Apoptosis of Intestinal Porcine Enterocyte Cells

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Chen ◽  
Qiaoling Yuan ◽  
Guangren Xu ◽  
Huiyu Chen ◽  
Hongyu Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
G1 Phase ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Weanling stress and toxicosis, which are harmful to the health of pigs’ intestines, are associated with oxidative stress. Quercetin (Que) is a polyphenolic compound that shows good anti-cancer, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation effects. This study aimed to elaborate whether or not Que promotes IPEC-J2 (intestinal porcine enterocyte cells) proliferation and protects IPEC-J2 from oxidative damage. Thus, we examined the effects of Que on proliferation and H2O2-induced apoptosis in IPEC-J2. The results showed that Que increased IPEC-J2 viabililty, propelled cells from G1 phase into S phase and down-regulated gene levels of P27 and P21, respectively. Besides, H2O2-induced cell damage was alleviated by Que after different exposure times, and Que depressed apoptosis rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and percentage of G1 phase cells and elevated the percentage of cells in G2 phase and S phase and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) after IPEC-J2 exposure to H2O2. Meanwhile, Que reduced the value of Bax/Bcl-2 in H2O2 exposed cells. In low-degree oxidative damage cells, lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were increased. In turn, Que could reverse the change of MDA content and SOD activity in low-degree damage cells. Nevertheless, catalase (CAT) activity was not changed in IPEC-J2 incubated with Que under low-degree damage conditions. Interestingly, relative expressive levels of the proteins claudin-1 and occludin were not altered under low-degree damage conditions, but Que could improve claudin-1 and occludin levels, slightly. This research indicates that Que can be greatly beneficial for intestinal porcine enterocyte cell proliferation and it protects intestinal porcine enterocyte cells from oxidation-induced apoptosis, and could be used as a potential feed additive for porcine intestinal health against pathogenic factor-induced oxidative damages and apoptosis.

scholarly journals Cold stress in soybean (Glycine max L.) roots: Exogenous gallic acid promotes water status and increases antioxidant activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci ◽  
Evren Yildiztugay ◽  
Aysegul Yildiztugay ◽  
Mustafa Kucukoduk
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Soybean Roots

Gallic acid (GLA; 3,4,5- trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a strong antioxidant in plants. In order to clarify the effects of GLA as a pro-oxidant or an antioxidant on cells under stress conditions, soybean (Glycine max) was grown under normal conditions or in the presence of cold stress (5 and 10?C) in the absence or presence of gallic acid (GLA; 1 and 2 mM) for 72 h. The soybean roots exposed to stress exhibited a significant decline in growth (RGR), water content (RWC), osmotic potential (??) and proline content (Pro). However, GLA treatment under stress significantly improved these parameters and alleviated the stress-generated damage. Stress decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, but GLA effectively mitigated the adverse effects on enzyme activity. After stress treatment, only catalase (CAT) was induced in soybean roots, although it was not sufficient to prevent toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation. Thus, the levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS content) markedly increased. However, GLA contributed to detoxification of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation by enhancing activities of CAT and peroxidase (POX). In addition to these enzymes, SOD activity was able to scavenge superoxide anion radicals, as evidenced by decline in TBARS content. However, monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), total ascorbate (tAsA) and glutathione (GSH) showed a decline of content in roots treated with GLA (both concentrations) plus stress. Our results suggest a protective role of GLA, which may strengthen plant tolerance by ensuring efficient water use and enhancing antioxidant systems. In soybean roots, GLA successfully alleviated the toxicity of cold stress by modulating the activities of SOD, CAT and POX rather than enzymes of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle.

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