scholarly journals Resection vs. ablation for lesions characterized as resectable-ablative within the colorectal liver oligometastases criteria: a propensity score matching from retrospective study

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8398
Author(s):  
Ma Luo ◽  
Si-Liang Chen ◽  
Jiawen Chen ◽  
Huzheng Yan ◽  
Zhenkang Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Resection Group ◽  
Complete Ablation

Background There has been no prospective or retrospective studies reporting the comparison outcome between surgery and ablation for resectable-ablative (lesions could be treated by resection or complete ablation) colorectal liver oligometastases (CLOM). The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and prognostic difference in patients who underwent R0 resection vs. complete ablation within the resectable-ablative CLOM criteria. Methods From January 2008 to May 2018, a total of 2,367 patients diagnosed with colorectal liver metastases were included in this observational study. The metastasis was characterized by only limited to liver with number ≤5, size ≤5 cm, and resectable-ablative (lesions could be treated by resection or complete ablation). The evaluated indications, including liver progression-free survival (LPFS), overall survival (OS), survival rates, pattern and number of recurrences, and complications, were compared by using propensity score matching (PSM). The Kaplan−Meier curves were generated, and a log-rank test was performed. The Cox regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses to identify predictors of outcomes. Results A total of 421 consecutive patients were eligible for this study, with 250 and 171 undergoing R0 resection and complete ablation, respectively. PSM identified 145 patients from each group. The 1-, 3-, 5- and 8-year OS rates in the resection group and the ablation group were 95.8% vs. 95.0%, 69.8% vs. 60.1%, 53.6% vs. 42.5%, and 45.1% vs. 32.9% (p = 0.075), respectively. The median LPFS in the resection group was significantly longer than that in the ablation group (35 months vs. 15 months, p = 0.011). No statistical difference was found in LPFS between the two groups when comparing ≤3 cm liver metastases. For liver metastasis >3 cm, the median LPFS in the resection group and ablation group was 11 months and 5 months, respectively (p = 0.001). In terms of high risk of clinical risk score (CRS), the resection group showed longer LPFS than the ablation group (median 18 months vs. 10 months, p = 0.043). Conclusion For patients within the CLOM criteria suggesting that liver metastases were resectable as well as ablative, resection could result in longer liver recurrence-free survival than ablation in cases with size >3 cm or high risk of CRS. But for ≤3 cm liver metastases, their treatment efficacies were comparable.

scholarly journals Postoperative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and oncological outcomes of rectal cancer

BJS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Grahn ◽  
M Lundin ◽  
M-L Lydrup ◽  
E Angenete ◽  
M Rutegård
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Instrumental Variables ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Recurrence Free Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Oncological Outcomes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Instrumental Variables Approach

Abstract Background Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to suppress the inflammatory response after surgery and are often used for pain control. This study aimed to investigate NSAID use after radical surgical resection for rectal cancer and long-term oncological outcomes. Methods A cohort of patients who underwent anterior resection for rectal cancer between 2007 and 2013 in 15 hospitals in Sweden was investigated retrospectively. Data were obtained from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry and medical records; follow-up was undertaken until July 2019. Patients who received NSAID treatment for at least 2 days after surgery were compared with controls who did not, and the primary outcome was recurrence-free survival. Cox regression modelling with confounder adjustment, propensity score matching, and an instrumental variables approach were used; missing data were handled by multiple imputation. Results The cohort included 1341 patients, 362 (27.0 per cent) of whom received NSAIDs after operation. In analyses using conventional regression and propensity score matching, there was no significant association between postoperative NSAID use and recurrence-free survival (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.02, 0.79 to 1.33). The instrumental variables approach, including individual hospital as the instrumental variable and clinicopathological variables as co-variables, suggested a potential improvement in the NSAID group (HR 0.61, 0.38 to 0.99). Conclusion Conventional modelling did not demonstrate an association between postoperative NSAID use and recurrence-free survival in patients with rectal cancer, although an instrumental variables approach suggested a potential benefit.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy versus laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in posterior segments: Propensity Score Matching Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
J. Rhu ◽  
G. S. Choi ◽  
J. M. Kim ◽  
C. H. D. Kwon ◽  
S. J. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Right Hemihepatectomy ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Right Posterior Sectionectomy

Background and Aims: This study was designed to analyze the feasibility of laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy compared to laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma located in the posterior segments. Material and Methods: The study included patients who underwent either laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy or laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma located in segment 6 or 7 from January 2009 to December 2016 at Samsung Medical Center. After 1:1 propensity score matching, patient baseline characteristics and operative and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups. Disease-free survival and overall survival were compared using Kaplan–Meier log-rank test. Results: Among 61 patients with laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy and 37 patients with laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy, 30 patients from each group were analyzed after propensity score matching. After matching, baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar including tumor size (3.4 ± 1.2 cm in laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy vs 3.7 ± 2.1 cm in laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy, P = 0.483); differences were significant before matching (3.1 ± 1.3 cm in laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy vs 4.3 ± 2.7 cm in laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy, P = 0.035). No significant differences were observed in operative and postoperative data except for free margin size (1.04 ± 0.71 cm in laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy vs 2.95 ± 1.75 cm in laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy, P < 0.001). Disease-free survival (5-year survival: 38.0% in laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy vs 47.0% in laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy, P = 0.510) and overall survival (5-year survival: 92.7% in laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy vs 89.6% in laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy, P = 0.593) did not differ between the groups based on Kaplan–Meier log-rank test. Conclusion: For hepatocellular carcinoma in the posterior segments, laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy was feasible compared to laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy when performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons.

Propensity score matched analysis of metastasis-free survival for patients with high-risk prostate cancer treated with definitive radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 47-47
Author(s):  
Marshall Meeks ◽  
Stephanie Subasic Markovina ◽  
Joel Vetter ◽  
Alethea Paradis ◽  
Jeff M. Michalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
High Risk Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Prostate Cancer

47 Background: National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) category 1 recommendation for localized high risk prostate cancer (HR-PCa) is definitive radiation therapy (RT) and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Radical prostatectomy (RP) is also an accepted treatment for patients with localized HR-PCa. Here we report a propensity score-matched analysis of institutional outcomes for patients with HR-PCa treated with RP or RT. Methods: Medical recor ds of patients with localized NCCN HR-PCa treated at our institution from 2002-2011 were reviewed. RT consisted of 73.8-77.4 Gray to the prostate and seminal vesicles; regional lymph nodes were treated for pre-treatment probability of involvement ≥15%. A combination of nearest neighbor propensity score matching on age, Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 score [a validated comorbidity index], prostate specific antigen (PSA), biopsy Gleason, and clinical T-stage (cT) and exact matching on PSA, biopsy Gleason, and cT was performed. Multivariate cox-proportional hazards regression was used to compare metastasis-free survival (MFS) and overall survival (OS) (calculated from date of diagnosis). Results: 246 patients were identified (160 RP and 86 RT). Propensity score matching resulted in 62 matched pairs. For the RP group, minimally invasive surgery (70.9%) and lymph node dissection (100%) were common. ADT was administered to 37.1% and 80.6% of patients receiving RP and RT, respectively. Median follow-up was longer for the RT group (51.4 vs 41 months, p = 0.004). Five-year rates of metastasis for RT and RP were 8.9% and 33% (p = 0.003), and for death were 25.9% and 17.6%, respectively (p = 0.31). MFS was significantly better for patients treated with definitive RT compared to RP, while OS was not different (Table). Conclusions: In our cohort with HR-PCa, treatment with RT resulted in a MFS advantage over RP. This was not accompanied by an improvement in OS.The difference in MFS may possibly be related to the importance of early adjuvant ADT. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals The Impact of Unplanned Excision on the Outcomes of Patients With Soft Tissue Sarcoma of the Trunk and Extremity: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Liang ◽  
Tian-Hui Guo ◽  
Bu-Shu Xu ◽  
Dong-Chun Hong ◽  
Hai-Bo Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Unplanned Excision ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundUnplanned excision (UPE) of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is often chosen in the early phase by general physicians without any radiological evaluation.PurposeThe present study aimed to evaluate the impact of UPE on the clinical outcomes of patients with STS of the trunk and extremity.Materials and MethodsPatients with STS of the trunk and extremity who underwent R0 resection between 1998 and 2016 were included and divided into the UPE and planned excision (PE) groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control the selection bias. The endpoints were disease-specific survival (DSS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and metastasis-free survival (MFS).ResultsIn total, 458 patients (277 males, 181 females; median age: 43 years) were included: 329 (71.8%) in the PE group and 129 (28.2%) in the UPE group. The follow-up time ranged from 7.1 to 313.78 months, with a median of 112.18 months. UPE patients were more likely to have a smaller or superficial lesion and were more frequently administered adjuvant therapy. After PSM, compared with the PE group, the UPE group had a longer LRFS (P=0.015), but there was no difference between the two groups regarding DSS and MFS. Residual disease was observed in 77.5% of the re-resected specimens in the UPE group and was a risk factor for DSS (P = 0.046) and MFS (P = 0.029) but was not associated with local recurrence (LR) (P=0.475) or LRFS (P=0.334). Moreover, we found no difference in DSS, LRFS or MFS according to the interval from UPE to definitive resection.ConclusionSTS treated with UPE had distinct characteristics. Patients who undergo UPE followed by an additional wide R0 resection have similar oncological survival compared to patients who undergo an initial PE, although the high incidence of residual tumor in the UPE group leads to an unfavorable clinical course.

scholarly journals Association between intraoperative administration of dexamethasone and survival after curative resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A propensity score matching analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Yan ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Jingdun Xie ◽  
Huaqiang Zhou ◽  
Wei Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Curative Resection ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Propensity Score Matching Analysis ◽  
Nsclc Patients ◽  
Disease Free

Abstract Background: Few studies have suggested the correlation between intraoperative dexamethasone and oncological outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with radical resection. The existing data are inconsistent and inadequate, and more evidence is needed. We therefore undertook a propensity-matched cohort study to investigate the correlation. Methods: 832 patients with stage I to IIIa NSCLC who went through a curative resection between January 2008 and December 2013 were enrolled in our study. Propensity-score matching analysis created a population of 206 patients in the non-DEX group and 103 patients in the DEX group. Cox regression analyses were applied to compare the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between patients who did not and did receive dexamethasone in the propensity score-matched cohort, as well as in the certain patients with high-risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Results: After propensity score matching, intraoperative dexamethasone was not significantly associated with DFS (HR: 1.014, 95%CI: 0.786-1.309, P = 0.913) and OS (HR: 1.221, 95%CI: 0.905-1.647, P = 0.191). Multivariable cox regression analysis revealed that intraoperative dexamethasone was not still associated with DFS and OS after curative resection for NSCLC. In the subgroup analysis, intraoperative dexamethasone was significantly associated with improved DFS (HR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.04-0.92, P = 0.038) in the group of anesthetic time less than 2 hours. In the subgroup of VATS, intraoperative dexamethasone was significantly associated with prolonged OS (HR: 0.53, 95%CI: 0.30-0.92, P = 0.023). Conclusion: There was no correlation between intraoperative administration of dexamethasone and survival in NSCLC patients after curative surgery. While patients given intraoperative dexamethasone had better disease-free survival compared with patients not given intraoperative dexamethasone in the subgroup of anesthetic time less than 2 hours. Intraoperative administration of dexamethasone may improve overall survival in the subgroup of VATS. Our results indicate that intraoperative administration of dexamethasone is probably favorable in the aforementioned populations.

Comparison of clinical outcomes between enucleation and regular pancreatectomy in patients with non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a retrospective multicenter and propensity score-matched study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Hengjun Gao ◽  
Jun Lu ◽  
Zheyu Niu ◽  
Huaqiang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Estimated Blood Loss ◽  
Disease Free

Abstract Objective There are limited data from retrospective studies on whether therapeutic outcomes after regular pancreatectomy are superior to those after enucleation in patients with small, peripheral and well-differentiated non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. This study aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of regular pancreatectomy and enucleation in patients with non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Methods Between January 2007 and July 2020, 227 patients with non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors who underwent either enucleation (n = 89) or regular pancreatectomy (n = 138) were included. Perioperative complications, disease-free survival, and overall survival probabilities were compared. Propensity score matching was performed to balance the baseline differences between the two groups. Results The median follow-up period was 60.76 months in the enucleation group and 43.29 months in the regular pancreatectomy group. In total, 34 paired patients were identified after propensity score matching. The average operative duration in the enucleation group was significantly shorter than that in the regular pancreatectomy group (147.94 ± 42.39 min versus 217.94 ± 74.60 min, P &lt; 0.001), and the estimated blood loss was also significantly lesser (P &lt; 0.001). The matched patients who underwent enucleation displayed a similar overall incidence of postoperative complications (P = 0.765), and a comparable length of hospital stay (11.12 ± 3.90 days versus 9.94 ± 2.62 days, P = 0.084) compared with those who underwent regular pancreatectomy. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in disease-free survival and overall survival after propensity score matching. Conclusion Enucleation in patients with non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors was associated with shorter operative time, lesser intraoperative bleeding, similar overall morbidity of postoperative complications, and comparable 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival when compared with regular pancreatectomy.

Relationships among the Dosage of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents, Erythropoietin Resistance Index, and Mortality in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sai Pan ◽  
De-Long Zhao ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Xue-Feng Sun ◽  
Jian-Hui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Erythropoietin Resistance Index ◽  
Erythropoietin Resistance

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) constitute an important treatment option for anemia in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We investigated the relationships among the dosage of ESA, erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) scores, and mortality in Chinese MHD patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This multicenter observational retrospective study included MHD patients from 16 blood purification centers (<i>n</i> = 824) who underwent HD in 2011–2015 and were followed up until December 31, 2016. We collected demographic variables, HD parameters, laboratory values, and ESA dosages. Patients were grouped into quartiles according to ESA dosage to study the effect of ESA dosage on all-cause mortality. The ERI was calculated as follows: ESA (IU/week)/weight (kg)/hemoglobin levels (g/dL). We also compared outcomes among the patients stratified into quartiles according to ERI scores. We used the Cox proportional hazards model to measure the relationships between the ESA dosage, ERI scores, and all-cause mortality. Using propensity score matching, we compared mortality between groups according to ERI scores, classified as either &#x3e; or ≤12.80. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 824 patients were enrolled in the study; 200 (24.3%) all-cause deaths occurred within the observation period. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that patients administered high dosages of ESAs had significantly worse survival than those administered low dosages of ESAs. A multivariate Cox regression identified that high dosages of ESAs could significantly predict mortality (ESA dosage &#x3e;10,000.0 IU/week, HR = 1.59, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (1.04, 2.42), and <i>p</i> = 0.031). Our analysis also indicated a significant increase in the risk of mortality in patients with high ERI scores. Propensity score matching-analyses confirmed that ERI &#x3e; 12.80 could significantly predict mortality (HR = 1.56, 95% CI [1.11, 2.18], and <i>p</i> = 0.010). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our data suggested that ESA dosages &#x3e;10,000.0 IU/week in the first 3 months constitute an independent predictor of all-cause mortality among Chinese MHD patients. A higher degree of resistance to ESA was related to a higher risk of all-cause mortality.

scholarly journals Non-maintenance intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin induction therapy with eight doses in patients with high- or highest-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a retrospective non-randomized comparative study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makito Miyake ◽  
◽  
Kota Iida ◽  
Nobutaka Nishimura ◽  
Tatsuki Miyamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Landmark Analyses ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background To explore possible solutions to overcome chronic Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) shortage affecting seriously the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in Europe and throughout the world, we investigated whether non-maintenance eight-dose induction BCG (iBCG) was comparable to six-dose iBCG plus maintenance BCG (mBCG). Methods This observational study evaluated 2669 patients with high- or highest-risk NMIBC who treated with iBCG with or without mBCG during 2000–2019. The patients were classified into five groups according to treatment pattern: 874 (33%) received non-maintenance six-dose iBCG (Group A), 405 (15%) received six-dose iBCG plus mBCG (Group B), 1189 (44%) received non-maintenance seven−/eight-dose iBCG (Group C), 60 (2.2%) received seven−/eight-dose iBCG plus mBCG, and 141 (5.3%) received only ≤5-dose iBCG. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival, and cancer-specific survival were estimated and compared using Kaplan–Meier analysis and the log-rank test, respectively. Propensity score-based one-to-one matching was performed using a multivariable logistic regression model based on covariates to obtain balanced groups. To eliminate possible immortal bias, 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month conditional landmark analyses of RFS were performed. Results RFS comparison confirmed that mBCG yielded significant benefit following six-dose iBCG (Group B) in recurrence risk reduction compared to iBCG alone (groups A and C) before (P < 0.001 and P = 0.0016, respectively) and after propensity score matching (P = 0.001 and P = 0.0074, respectively). Propensity score-matched sequential landmark analyses revealed no significant differences between groups B and C at 12, 18, and 24 months, whereas landmark analyses at 6 and 12 months showed a benefit of mBCG following six-dose iBCG compared to non-maintenance six-dose iBCG (P = 0.0055 and P = 0.032, respectively). There were no significant differences in the risks of progression and cancer-specific death in all comparisons of the matched cohorts. Conclusions Although non-maintenance eight-dose iBCG was inferior to six-dose iBCG plus mBCG, the former might be an alternative remedy in the BCG shortage era. To overcome this challenge, further investigation is warranted to confirm the real clinical value of non-maintenance eight-dose iBCG.

scholarly journals Clinical features and outcomes of combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma versus hepatocellular carcinoma versus cholangiocarcinoma after surgical resection: a propensity score matching analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wen Lin ◽  
Tsung-Chin Wu ◽  
Hung-Yu Lin ◽  
Chao-Ming Hung ◽  
Pei-Min Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Disease Free

Abstract Background Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is an infrequent type of primary liver cancer that comprises hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC). This study investigated the clinicopathological features and prognosis among cHCC-CC, HCC, and CC groups. Methods We prospectively collected the data of 608 patients who underwent surgical resection for liver cancer between 2011 and 2018 at E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Overall, 505 patients with cHCC-CC, HCC, and CC were included, and their clinicopathological features, overall survival (OS), and recurrence were recorded. OS and recurrence rates were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier analysis. Results In the entire cohort, the median age was 61 years and 80% were men. Thirty-five (7.0%) had cHCC-CC, 419 (82.9%) had HCC, and 51 (10.1%) had CC. The clinicopathological features of the cHCC-CC group were more identical to those of the HCC group than the CC group. OS was significantly lower in the cHCC-CC group than in the HCC group but was not significantly higher in the cHCC-CC group than in the CC group. The median OS of cHCC-CC, HCC, and CC groups was 50.1 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 38.7–61.2], 62.3 months (CI: 42.1–72.9), and 36.2 months (CI: 15.4–56.5), respectively. Cumulative OS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years in cHCC-CC, HCC, and CC groups were 88.5%, 62.2%, and 44.0%; 91.2%, 76.1%, and 68.0%; and 72.0%, 48.1%, and 34.5%, respectively. After propensity score matching (PSM), OS in the cHCC-CC group was not significantly different from that in the HCC or CC group. However, OS was significantly higher in the HCC group than in the CC group before and after PSM. Furthermore, the disease-free survival was not significantly different among cHCC-CC, HCC, and CC groups before and after PSM. Conclusion The clinicopathological features of the cHCC-CC group were more identical to those of the HCC group than the CC group. The OS rate was significantly lower in the cHCC-CC group than the HCC group. However, after PSM, OS and disease-free survival in the cHCC-CC group were not significantly different from those in the HCC or CC group.

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