scholarly journals A new species of rorqual whale (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Balaenopteridae) from the Late Miocene of the Southern North Sea Basin and the role of the North Atlantic in the paleobiogeography of Archaebalaenoptera

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelangelo Bisconti ◽  
Dirk K. Munsterman ◽  
René H.B. Fraaije ◽  
Mark E.J. Bosselaers ◽  
Klaas Post
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
North Sea ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Center Of Origin ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Background The rich fossil record of rorqual and humpback whales (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Balaenopteridae) is mainly characterized by monotypic genera since genera including more than one species are extremely rare. The discovery of new species belonging to known genera would be of great importance in order to better understand ancestor-descendant relationships and paleobiogeographic patterns in this diverse group. Recent discoveries in the southern North Sea Basin yielded a number of reasonably well preserved fossil balaenopterids from the Late Miocene; this sample includes a balaenopterid skull from Liessel, The Netherlands, which shares key characters with Archaebalaenoptera castriarquati from the Pliocene of Mediterranean. This skull is permanently held by Oertijdmuseum, Boxtel, The Netherlands, with the number MAB002286 and is investigated here. Methods A detailed comparative anatomical analysis of the skull MAB002286 is performed in order to understand its relationships. The age of the skull is determined by dinocyst analysis of the associated sediment. A paleobiogeographic analysis is performed to understand paleobiogeographic patterns within the balaenopterid clade the new skull belongs to. Results Our work resulted in the description of Archaebalaenoptera liesselensis new species. The geological age of the holotype skull is between 8.1 and 7.5 Ma. The phylogenetic relationships of this species reveals that it is monophyletic with Archaebalaenoptera castriarquati from the Italian Pliocene. Moreover, in combination with a more basal species of Archaebalaenoptera from the late Miocene of Peru, our paleobiogeographic analysis suggests that the North Atlantic ocean played a major role as a center of origin of a number of balaenopterid clades including Protororqualus, Archaebalaenoptera and more advanced balaenopterid taxa. From a North Atlantic center of origin, two dispersal events are inferred that led to the origins of Archaebalaenoptera species in the South Pacific and Mediterranean. The distribution of Archaebalaenoptera was antitropical in the late Miocene. The role played by the Mediterranean salinity crisis is also investigated and discussed.

scholarly journals The carbon budget of the North Sea

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Thomas ◽  
Y. Bozec ◽  
H. J. W. de Baar ◽  
K. Elkalay ◽  
M. Frankignoulle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
North Sea ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Carbon Budget ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. A carbon budget has been established for the North Sea, a shelf sea on the NW European continental shelf. The carbon exchange fluxes with the North Atlantic Ocean dominate the gross carbon budget. The net carbon budget – more relevant to the issue of the contribution of the coastal ocean to the marine carbon cycle – is dominated by the carbon inputs from rivers, the Baltic Sea and the atmosphere. The North Sea acts as a sink for organic carbon and thus can be characterised as a heterotrophic system. The dominant carbon sink is the final export to the North Atlantic Ocean. More than 90% of the CO2 taken up from the atmosphere is exported to the North Atlantic Ocean making the North Sea a highly efficient continental shelf pump for carbon.

scholarly journals A review of the genus Iridogorgia (Octocorallia: Chrysogorgiidae) and its relatives, chiefly from the North Atlantic Ocean

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les Watling
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
New England ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Exploration of the New England and Corner Rise Seamounts produced four new species of chrysogorgiid octocorals with the spiral iridogorgiid growth form. Three species are described as new in the genus Iridogorgia and one is described in the new genus Rhodaniridogorgia. Both genera have representatives in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Iridogorgia magnispiralis sp. nov., is one of the largest octocorals encountered in the deep sea and seems to be widespread in the Atlantic.

DEEP-SEA MYSIDS FROM THE NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN WITH DESCRIPTION OF FOUR NEW SPECIES

Crustaceana ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Murano ◽  
John Mauchline
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Pelagic Species ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
First Time

AbstractSeven species of Erythropini from the northeast Atlantic and one from the northwest Atlantic are dealt with. Four are described as new species, and three are new to science but remain unnamed because of mutilated condition. A known species Katerythrops oceanae, is described for the first time for the male pleopods and a revision of the diagnosis of the genus is presented. Five are pelagic species while three were obtained from the stomach contents of demersal fishes. Huit especes d'Erythropini de l'Atlantique sont traitees, dont sept du nord-est et une du nordouest de cet ocean. Quatre sont decrites comme nouvelles et trois sont nouvelle pour la science, mais non nommees en raison de leur condition mutilee. Les pleopodes males d'un espece connue, Katerythrops oceanae, sont decrits pour la premiere fois et la diagnose du genre est revisee. Cinq especes sont pelagiques et trois proviennent de contenus stomacaux de poissons demersaux.

Myxine jespersenae, a New Species of Hagfish (Myxiniformes: Myxinidae) from the North Atlantic Ocean

Copeia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Møller ◽  
Thea K. Feld ◽  
Idahella H. Poulsen ◽  
Philip F. Thomsen ◽  
Jonas G. Thormar
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
A New Species

scholarly journals A new species of Chaetozone (Polychaeta, Cirratulidae) from the Bay of Biscay offshore France, together with a review of Chaetozone species from the North Atlantic and adjacent waters

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4312 (3) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
JAMES A. BLAKE ◽  
NICOLAS LAVESQUE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Methyl Green ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Muddy Sediments

A new cirratulid species of the genus Chaetozone has been discovered offshore in fine muddy sediments in the Bay of Biscay, France. This species is unusual in having an expanded fusiform anterior body region and numerous subdermal glands along the entire body that produce an elaborate and distinctive pattern when stained with Methyl Green. The new species is compared with closely related congeners and a review of Chaetozone species from the North Atlantic Ocean is presented. 

scholarly journals New data on the ostracod genus <i>Aratrocypris</i> Whatley <i>et al.</i> 1985, with descriptions of species from the Upper Cretaceous of Europe and the Cainozoic of the North Atlantic

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Whatley ◽  
Leendert Witte ◽  
Graham Coles
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. Paradoxostoma ? cretacea Bonnema (1941), is shown to belong to the deep sea cyprid genus Aratrocypris Whatley et al (1985). The implications of the discovery of this genus, hitherto known only from the Palaeocene to Recent, in the Upper Cretaceous of the Netherlands are discussed with respect to the palaeodepth of the Dutch Chalk Sea and to the origin and palaeozoogeographical history of Aratrocypris. The new species Aratrocypris gigantea, from the Recent and Aratrocypris maddocksae from the Cainozoic, are described from the North Atlantic and other, nomina nuda species are described or discussed from the same area.

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