scholarly journals Dynamics of carbon and nitrogen storage in two typical plantation ecosystems of different stand ages on the Loess Plateau of China

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfang Wang ◽  
Ling Liu ◽  
Feixue Yue ◽  
Dong Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Annual Carbon

In China’s Loess Plateau, afforestation and reforestation are considered the foremost practices for sequestering carbon and conserving soil and water. In order to evaluate the carbon storage changes of tree, soil, and litter, and the soil total nitrogen (STN) in two typical artificial forests in the region, we conducted plot surveys for different ages of both artificial forest types. Soil samples were collected at different depths from 0–100 cm. The results indicated that forest ecosystem carbon storage increased with tree development. The rates of mean annual carbon sequestration of Pinus tabulaeformis and Robinia pseudoacacia plantation ecosystems were 3.31 and 3.53 Mg ha−1 year−1, respectively. The rate of mean annual carbon sequestration of R. pseudoacacia plantation ecosystems was higher by 6.65% than that of P. tabulaeformis plantation ecosystems. The soil organic carbon (SOC) and STN decreased at deeper soil depths in both plantations at different stand ages, significantly decreasing in the 0–60 cm of soil (P < 0.05), and the highest SOC content and storage were in the top 0–20 cm of soil. The temporal patterns for SOC and STN changes at different soil sampling depths from 0 to 100 cm all showed an initial decrease during the early stage of restoration, and then an increase that coincided with the development of the two plantation forests. At 0–100 cm depth, the SOC storage was in the range of 40.95–106.79 and 45.13–113.61 Mg ha−1 for the P. tabulaeformis forest and R. pseudoacacia forest, respectively. The STN storage in the 0–100 cm soil layer with the stand age development ranged from 4.16 to 8.34 Mg ha−1 in the R. pseudoacacia plantation and 4.19–7.55 Mg ha−1 in the P. tabulaeformis forest. The results showed a significant positive correlation between SOC and STN. This study suggests that we should pay more attention to changes in soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration during long-term vegetation restoration.

scholarly journals Response of Soil Moisture to Single-Rainfall Events under Three Vegetation Types in the Gully Region of the Loess Plateau

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guirong Hou ◽  
Huaxing Bi ◽  
Xi Wei ◽  
Lingxiao Kong ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vegetation Activities

Precipitation is the main source of soil moisture recharge in the gully region of the Loess Plateau, and soil moisture is the main and most important water resource for vegetation activities in semiarid regions. To identify the contributions to soil moisture replenishment from rainfall of different intensities, this study conducted a soil moisture monitoring experiment involving continuous measurements at 30-min intervals in areas of Robinia pseudoacacia artificial forestland, Pinus tabulaeformis artificial forestland, and grassland from 1 March to 31 November 2017. The results indicated that there was a positive relationship between the infiltration coefficient and precipitation until the relationship obtained a stable value. When the precipitation was greater than 30 mm, soil moisture was replenished up to the 150 cm soil layer in grassland, and when the precipitation was greater than 40 mm, soil moisture was replenished up to the 150 cm soil layer in P. tabulaeformis artificial forestland. However, only precipitation greater than 50 mm replenished the soil moisture at the 150 cm soil layer in R. pseudoacacia artificial forestland. These three vegetation communities play important roles in soil and water conservation during ecological restoration. The results of this study can guide vegetation configurations in vegetation recovery and reconstruction efforts in the gully region of the Loess Plateau.

scholarly journals Carbon Storage Dynamics of Secondary Forest Succession in the Central Loess Plateau of China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Wenhui Zhang ◽  
Yanlei Lu ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yanan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Root Litter ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon Stocks

Research Highlights: This study comprehensively revealed the carbon sequestration characteristics of secondary forests in the central Loess Plateau during vegetation succession. Background and Objectives: The secondary succession of Loess Plateau forests is of great significance in global climate change, but their carbon storage dynamics are poorly understood. The study objectives were to clarify the pattern of changes and contribution level of carbon stocks in various components of ecosystem during succession. Materials and Methods: We selected 18 plots for Pinus tabuliformis Carr. forest at the early stage of succession, 19 for pine-broadleaved mixed forest at the middle stage, and 12 for Quercus-broadleaved mixed forest at the climax stage to determine the tree, shrub, herb, fine root, litter, coarse wood debris (CWD), and soil carbon stocks. Results: Ecosystem carbon stocks increased from 160.73 to 231.14 Mg·ha−1 with the succession stages. Vegetation (including tree, shrub and herb) and soil were the two largest carbon pools, and carbon was mainly sequestrated in tree biomass and shallow soil (0–50 cm). In the early stage, soil contributed more carbon stocks to the ecosystem than vegetation, but with succession, the soil contribution decreased while vegetation contribution increased, finally reaching a balance (46.78% each) at the climax stage. Fine root, litter, and CWD contributed little (average 6.59%) to ecosystem carbon stocks and were mainly involved in the turnover of vegetation biomass to soil carbon. Conclusions: Our results provide direct evidence for carbon sequestration of secondary forests on the Loess Plateau. The dynamic results of carbon storage provide an important basis for forest restoration management under climate change.

Variation Characteristics of Artificial Grassland Carbon Storage in the Underground

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1503-1506
Author(s):  
Xiao Guang Zhao ◽  
Chuan Ke Shao ◽  
Shi Jie Song ◽  
Di Li Sun ◽  
Li Ting Guo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Variation Characteristics ◽  
Underground Biomass ◽  
Surface Soil Layer ◽  
Artificial Grassland

For a better understanding of the dynamics of rehabilitated grassland, carbon storage in the underground including soil and roots were studied in a space series of replaced time courses.Soil organic carbon (SOC) of the 0-100cm layer increased with the addition of restoration years.It was much more than the average of 4.46-9.95 kg m-2 in central Plateau. SOC in surface soil (layer 0-20cm) fell slightly in early stage (0-2a) and then rose rapidly. In 30a, the increase amplitude turned to be 123% and it reached the maxmum.SOC in this layer was significantly correlated with an average value for the whole 0-100 cm profile.So SOC storage, in the 0-100cm layer, can be well estimated using values for the 0-20 cm layer. Alfalfa underground biomass carbon storage rose first and then reduced. It reached the maxmum in 10a. The carbon storage of weed roots increased continuously and was still less than that of alfalfa roots in 30a.

Carbon storage features of Pinus tabulaeformis plantations that are approaching maturity at three sites across a precipitation gradient in western Loess Plateau

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
孙美美 SUN Meimei ◽  
关晋宏 GUAN Jinhong ◽  
吴春荣 WU Chunrong ◽  
岳军伟 YUE Junwei ◽  
李国庆 LI Guoqing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
Precipitation Gradient ◽  
Western Loess Plateau

Study of Forests on Offsetting Carbon Emissions from Energy Consumption in Tianjin, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3308-3314
Author(s):  
Shan Gao Xiong ◽  
Hong Yuan Li ◽  
Xiao Ding ◽  
Xun Qiang Mo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Sequestration Rate ◽  
Annual Carbon

Forests can play an important role in mitigating the impacts of climate change by reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide.The purpose of this study is to quantified carbon storage and sequestration by forests and carbon emissions from energy consumption by several energy types in Tianjin,China,as well as the role of forests on offsetting carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustion.Data used for this study were collected according to the sixth national forest inventory(1999-2003) and China energy statistical yearbook.The results showed that the forests including natural forests and plantation forests in Tianjin stored 571,151.24 t C,with a carbon sequestration rate of 27,311.79 t C/yr. carbon storage per ha was 14.65 t C, and carbon sequestration per ha was 0.87 t C/yr. Carbon emissions from energy consumption in Tianjin were 3.85×107 t C /yr. The carbon stored by forests equaled to 1.48% of the annual carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustion, and carbon sequestration could offset 0.07% of the annual carbon emissions in Tianjin. In addition, the results indicates that the carbon storage and sequestration rate varied among forest types with different species and age structure. They provide insights for decision-makers and the public to better understand the role of forests, and make better management plans for forests.

Variation in biomass and carbon storage by stand age in pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) planted ecosystem in Mt. Taiyue, Shanxi, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Cheng ◽  
Hairong Han ◽  
Fengfeng Kang ◽  
Yali Song ◽  
Ke Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
Stand Age

Effects of litter cover on partitioning of natural rainfall for plantation Pinus tabulaeformis forest in the Loess Plateau of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsheng Cui ◽  
Chengzhong Pan ◽  
Geng Zhang ◽  
Zhanwei Sun ◽  
Fuxing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Light Rain ◽  
Litter Cover

&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160; &amp;#160; &amp;#160; Litter accumulates yearly since vegetations were widely planted for reforestation, and it plays an important role in hydrologic cycling. There is little information on the effects of litter on re-allocation of rainfall processes. Eight runoff plots were established in the &lt;em&gt;Pinus tabulaeformis&lt;/em&gt; stand with four litter (needle-leaf) masses (0, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;), and the surface runoff (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;), evaporation (&lt;em&gt;E&lt;/em&gt;), infiltration and soil moisture dynamics were measured throughout the mainly rainy season from August 4 to September 28 in the Loess Plateau. The results showed that, soil evaporation mainly occurred in daytime for bare soil, and decreased with increasing litter masses, and litter cover is prone to hinder the heat and water exchange between soil and atmosphere, especially for the soil layer 0~5 cm. Litter cover greatly decreased surface runoff, and it may hinder infiltration at the beginning of rainy season, but increasing soil water storage (&lt;em&gt;SWS&lt;/em&gt;) with deeper infiltration depth for the long run, especially for the litter masses 1.2 and 1.8 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. With the litter covered, the ratio of &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt; to precipitation (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;) was less than 10%, no matter it was heavy rain or light rain. However, the proportion of &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt; was amplified when the rainfall was intense for the bare soil. And the ratio of &lt;em&gt;E&lt;/em&gt; to &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; was always below 10% for all treatments, except for light rainfall. With the increased litter masses, the proportion of &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; E&lt;/em&gt; all decreased, and the &lt;em&gt;SWS&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; has well nonlinear positive relationship with litter masses, and it was proved that more than a half of rainfall was stored even for bare soil. This study may helpful to better understanding the effects of litter on hydrological response, and promotes practical measurements to the management of precipitation in a forest stand view.&lt;/p&gt;

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