scholarly journals Genetic associations of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms with advanced liver fibrosis and response to pegylated interferon-based therapy in chronic hepatitis C

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kessarin Thanapirom ◽  
Sirinporn Suksawatamnuay ◽  
Wattana Sukeepaisarnjaroen ◽  
Pisit Tangkijvanich ◽  
Panarat Thaimai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Pegylated Interferon ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Advanced Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hcv Genotype 1 ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) modulates host immune responses to infections such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, including interferon signaling. This study aimed to investigate the associations of VDR polymorphisms with advanced liver fibrosis and response to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)-based therapy in patients with chronic HCV infection. In total, 554 Thai patients with chronic HCV infection treated with a PEG-IFN-based regimen were enrolled. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped: the IL28B C > T (rs12979860) SNP and five VDR SNPs, comprising FokI T > C (rs2228570), BsmI C > T (rs1544410), Tru9I G > A (rs757343), ApaI C > A (rs7975232), and TaqI A > G (rs731236). In total, 334 patients (60.3%) achieved sustained virological response (SVR), and 255 patients (46%) were infected with HCV genotype 1. The bAt (CCA) haplotype, consisting of the BsmI rs1544410 C, ApaI rs7975232 C, and TaqI rs731236 A alleles, was associated with poor response (in terms of lack of an SVR) to PEG-IFN-based therapy. The IL28B rs12979860 CT/TT genotypes (OR = 3.44, 95% CI [2.12–5.58], p < 0.001), bAt haplotype (OR = 2.02, 95% CI [1.04–3.91], p = 0.03), pre-treatment serum HCV RNA (logIU/mL; OR = 1.73, 95% CI [1.31–2.28], p < 0.001), advanced liver fibrosis (OR = 1.68, 95% CI [1.10–2.58], p = 0.02), and HCV genotype 1 (OR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.07–2.37], p = 0.02) independently predicted poor response. Patients with the bAt haplotype were more likely to have poor response compared to patients with other haplotypes (41.4% vs 21.9%, p = 0.03). The FokI rs2228570 TT/TC genotypes (OR = 1.63, 95% CI [1.06–2.51], p = 0.03) and age ≥55 years (OR = 2.25; 95% CI [1.54–3.32], p < 0.001) were independently associated with advanced liver fibrosis, assessed based on FIB-4 score >3.25. VDR polymorphisms were not associated with pre-treatment serum HCV RNA. In Thai patients with chronic HCV infection, the bAt haplotype is associated with poor response to PEG-IFN-based therapy, and the FokI rs2228570 TT/TC genotypes are risk factors for advanced liver fibrosis.

scholarly journals Incidence and Predictors of Advanced Liver Fibrosis by a Validated Serum Biomarker in Liver Transplant Recipients

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mamatha Bhat ◽  
Kathleen C. Rollet-Kurhajec ◽  
Aparna Bhat ◽  
Amanda Farag ◽  
Marc Deschenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Serum Biomarker ◽  
Advanced Fibrosis ◽  
Advanced Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Liver Transplant Recipients

Background and Aims. Serum fibrosis biomarkers have shown good accuracy in the liver transplant (LT) population. We employed a simple serum biomarker to elucidate incidence and predictors of advanced fibrosis after LT over a long follow-up period.Methods. We included 440 consecutive patients who underwent LT between 1991 and 2013. Advanced liver fibrosis was defined as FIB-4 > 3.25 beyond 12 months after LT.Results. Over 2030.5 person-years (PY) of follow-up, 189 (43%) developed FIB-4 > 3.25, accounting for an incidence of 9.3/100 PY (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.1–10.7). Advanced fibrosis was predicted by chronic HCV infection (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 3.96, 95% CI 2.92–5.36,p< 0.001), hypoalbuminemia (aHR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.72–3.09;p< 0.001), and hyponatremia (aHR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.09–2.01;p= 0.01). LT recipients with more than 1 predictor had a higher incidence of advanced fibrosis, the highest being when all 3 predictors coexisted (log-rank:p< 0.001).Conclusions. Chronic HCV infection, hypoalbuminemia, and hyponatremia predict progression to advanced liver fibrosis following LT. Patients with these risk factors should be serially monitored using noninvasive fibrosis biomarkers and prioritized for interventions.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of directly acting oral antivirals in treatment of chronic HCV infection in children - experience from a tertiary care institute in southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Senthil Kumar Ramalingam ◽  
Winston Thomas ◽  
Nirmala Dheivamani ◽  
Sathish Kumar Elumalai
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Genotype 1 ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Background: Worldwide, an estimated 71 million people are chronically infected with HCV, of which an estimated 2.1- 5.0 million are children aged ≤15 years. Children with chronic HCV infection have fewer treatment options than adults. Very few reports are available on HCV infection, treatment strategies and its outcome particularly in pediatric population. In this background, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir in treating HCV infection in children.Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 33 children with HCV positive status, 12 cases (children above 12 years of age) were selected for treatment. HCV-RNA quantitative assay, genotyping was carried out. Children above 12 years with HCV genotype 1 were treated with tablet ledipasvir-sofosbuvir (90/400 mg) orally once a day as morning dose for 12 weeks. Children with genotype 3 were treated with sofosbuvir 400 mg and weight based ribavirin for 24 weeks. Viral load was repeated after 12 weeks of completion of treatment with antivirals for sustained virological response (SVR 12).Results: Out of the 12 patients 11 patients had genotype 1 (5/11 had subtype-1a and 6/11 had subtype-1b) infection and only 1 patient has genotype 3 (subtype-3a). All of them attained SVR at the end of 12 weeks. The regimen was well tolerated and there were no side effects noted by the children and their caretakers. Drug compliance and the palatability of the drugs were good.Conclusions: Ledipasvir-sofosbuvir combination was highly effective at treating children with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. The availability of an all oral, direct-acting antiviral regimen for paediatric population with chronic HCV would improve care for patients who currently have limited treatment options. 

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus infection and risk of liver-related and non-liver-related deaths: a population-based cohort study in Naples, southern Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierluca Piselli ◽  
Diego Serraino ◽  
Mario Fusco ◽  
Enrico Girardi ◽  
Angelo Pirozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a global health issue with severe implications on morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of HCV infection on all-cause, liver-related, and non-liver-related mortality in a population living in an area with a high prevalence of HCV infection before the advent of Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) therapies, and to identify factors associated with cause-specific mortality among HCV-infected individuals. Methods We conducted a cohort study on 4492 individuals enrolled between 2003 and 2006 in a population-based seroprevalence survey on viral hepatitis infections in the province of Naples, southern Italy. Study participants provided serum for antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) and HCV RNA testing. Information on vital status to December 2017 and cause of death were retrieved through record-linkage with the mortality database. Hazard ratios (HRs) for cause-specific mortality and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Fine-Grey regression models. Results Out of 626 deceased people, 20 (3.2%) died from non-natural causes, 56 (8.9%) from liver-related conditions, 550 (87.9%) from non-liver-related causes. Anti-HCV positive people were at higher risk of death from all causes (HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.12–1.70) and liver-related causes (HR = 5.90, 95% CI: 3.00–11.59) than anti-HCV negative ones. Individuals with chronic HCV infection reported an elevated risk of death due to liver-related conditions (HR = 6.61, 95% CI: 3.29–13.27) and to any cause (HR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.18–1.94). The death risk of anti-HCV seropositive people with negative HCV RNA was similar to that of anti-HCV seronegative ones. Among anti-HCV positive people, liver-related mortality was associated with a high FIB-4 index score (HR = 39.96, 95% CI: 4.73–337.54). Conclusions These findings show the detrimental impact of HCV infection on all-cause mortality and, particularly, liver-related mortality. This effect emerged among individuals with chronic infection while those with cleared infection had the same risk of uninfected ones. These results underline the need to identify through screening all people with chronic HCV infection notably in areas with a high prevalence of HCV infection, and promptly provide them with DAAs treatment to achieve progressive HCV elimination and reduce HCV-related mortality.

Demonstration and Distribution of HCV RNA Sequences by in situ Hybridization and HCV-Related Proteins by Immunohistochemistry in the Liver Tissue of Patients with Chronic HCV Infection

Pathobiology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Sansonno ◽  
Vito Cornacchiulo ◽  
Anna Rina Iacobelli ◽  
Pietro Gatti ◽  
Maria Di Stasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Related Proteins

scholarly journals Virus Elimination by Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents Impacts Glucose Homeostasis in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Han Cheng ◽  
Chia-Ying Chu ◽  
Huan-Lin Chen ◽  
I-Tsung Lin ◽  
Chia-Hsien Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Treatment Experience ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Genotype 1 ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Direct Acting

Background and AimsChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, including insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. However, independent risk factors associated with IR in chronic HCV-infected patients have not been detailly elucidated. Previous data regarding the impact of HCV elimination by direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) on glucose homeostasis is insufficient and controversial. This study aimed to analyze the independent factors associated with IR and to evaluate the changes in glucose homeostasis in chronic HCV-infected patients treated with DAAs therapies.MethodsWe screened 704 patients with chronic HCV infection who underwent treatment with interferon-free DAAs. Patients’ baseline characteristics, biochemical and virological data were collected. The outcome measurements were their IR and β-cell function assessed by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) method at baseline and 12-weeks post-treatment.ResultsHigh IR (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5) was observed in 35.1% of the patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that body mass index (BMI) &gt;25 kg/m2, treatment experience, elevated baseline levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and triglyceride, as well as Fibrosis-4 score &gt;3.25 were independently associated with high IR. In patients who achieved sustained virological response (SVR), no significant change in mean HOMA-IR was observed from baseline to 12-weeks post-treatment (2.74 ± 2.78 to 2.54 ± 2.20, p = 0.128). We observed a significant improvement in β-cell secretion stress from 121.0 ± 110.1 to 107.6 ± 93.0 (p = 0.015). Subgroup analysis revealed that SVR was associated with a significant reduction in mean HOMA-IR in patients with baseline HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5 (5.31 ± 3.39 to 3.68 ± 2.57, p &lt; 0.001), HCV genotype 1 (3.05 ± 3.11 to 2.62 ± 2.05, p = 0.027), and treatment experience (4.00 ± 3.37 to 3.01 ± 2.49, p = 0.039).ConclusionsThere were several independent factors associated with IR in patients with chronic HCV infection, including obesity, treatment experience, high serum ALT and triglyceride levels, as well as advanced hepatic fibrosis. After viral elimination by DAAs, we observed a significant reduction in mean HOMA-IR in patients with baseline high IR, HCV genotype 1, and treatment experience.

Predictors of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic HCV Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1522-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahadır CEYLAN ◽  
Cem YARDIMCI ◽  
Muzaffer FİNCANCI ◽  
Ümit TÖZALGAN ◽  
Gülhan EREN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document