scholarly journals Isolation and identification of a halophilic and alkaliphilic microalgal strain

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7189
Author(s):  
Chenxi Liu ◽  
Jiali Liu ◽  
Songmiao Hu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Xuhui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Homologous Region ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Songnen Plain ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Spherical Diameter

Halophilic and alkaliphilic microalgal strain SAE1 was isolated from the saline–alkaline soil of Songnen Plain of Northeast China. Morphological observation revealed that SAE1 has a simple cellular structure, single cell, spherical, diameter of four to six μm, cell wall of about 0.22 μm thick, two chloroplasts and one nucleus. Analysis of the phylogenetic tree constructed by 18S sequence homology suggests that SAE1 is highly homologous to Nannochloris sp. BLD-15, with only four base substitutions in the homologous region. SAE1 was initially considered as Nannochloris sp. Analysis of the halophilic and alkaliphilic characteristics of SAE1 indicates that it can grow under one M NaHCO3 and NaCl concentrations, with optimal growth under 400 mM NaHCO3 and 200 mM NaCl. The intracellular ultrastructure of SAE1 significantly changed after NaCl and NaHCO3 treatments. A large number of starch grains accumulated after treatment with 400 mM NaHCO3 in cells, but few were found after treatment with 200 mM NaCl and none in the living condition without treatment. We conjectured that one of the metabolic characteristics of alkaliphilic (NaHCO3) microalga SAE1 is the formation of massive starch grains, which induce glycerol anabolism and increase osmotic pressure, thereby enhancing its ability to resist saline–sodic conditions. This feature of alkaliphilic (NaHCO3) microalga SAE1 contributes to its growth in the carbonate soil of Songnen Plain.

scholarly journals Fractal dimension of particle-size distribution and their relationships with alkalinity properties of soils in the western Songnen Plain, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufeng Bai ◽  
Yan Qin ◽  
Xinrui Lu ◽  
Jitao Zhang ◽  
Guoshuang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Songnen Plain

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the fractal dimension and their relationships with alkalinity properties of soils, and to evaluate the potential of fractal dimension as an indicator of alkalinity properties of soil. Six soils with an increasing salinity (electrical conductivity was 0.09, 0.18, 0.62, 0.78, 1.57 and 1.99 dS m−1, respectively) were selected from the western part of the Songnen Plain (China). Salt content, exchangeable sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio and other properties of the soils were determined and the soil particle-size distribution (0–2000 μm) was measured using a laser diffraction particle size analyser. Our results show that the overall fractal dimension of the selected soils ranged from 2.35 to 2.60. A linear regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between fractal dimension and the amount of coarse sand and fine sand (r =  − 0.5452, P < 0.05 and r =  − 0.8641, P < 0.01, respectively), and a significant positive correlation with silt and clay (r = 0.9726, P < 0.01 and r = 0.9526, P < 0.01, respectively). Thus, soils with higher silt and clay content have higher fractal dimension values. Strong linear relationships between fractal dimension and salt content (P < 0.05), in particular a very significant positive relationship with HCO3− (P < 0.01), also exist. It is therefore possible to conclude that a soil’s fractal dimension could serve as a potential indicator of soil alkalization and the variability in alkaline soil texture.

Isolation and Identification of Thermostable Lactase-Producing Bacillus coagulans T242

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1253-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Qian ◽  
Shu Juan Jiang ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Guang Qing Mu
Keyword(s):  
Thermophilic Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Optimum Approach ◽  
High Production ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Lactase from the thermophilic bacteria has the good characteristics of heat-stability, high production and low pollution, and can effectively solve people’s problem of “lactose intolerance”. In the present work, a thermostable lactase-producing strain was isolated from the fermenting sample in fermenting tank of a spice factory in Chinese city of Dalian. Base on morphological observation, physiological and biochemical tests and molecular identification, the thermostable lactase-producing strain T242 was identified as Bacillus coagulans. Moreover, investigation revealed that lactase from Bacillus coagulans T242 is an intracellular lactase hydrolyzing lactose into glucose and galactose inside of the bacterial cell, and the optimum approach for releasing lactase was the treatment with lysozyme followed by high concentration of NaCl.

Isolation and Identification of Microorganisms Associated with Bioremediation of Oil Spilled Site in Bodo West, Rivers State, Nigeria.

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tombari Bodo ◽  
Lekpa Kingdom David ◽  
Batombari Gbidum Gimah
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Rivers State

The samples collected from an oil spilled sites in Bodo West in Gokana Local Government of Rivers State in Nigeria were isolated to identify microorganisms associated with bioremediation. The population of about 311 different forming colonies were recorded in the study area; out of which 18 distinctive colonies were identified based on their morphological observation. From the selected isolates, 10 of them were assumed to be degraders because they form maximum clear zones on the mineral salt media. The results of the analysis show that notable number of microorganism of which seven bacteria and seven fungi were isolated and identified. The bacteria are Micrococcus luteus, Streptococcus lactic, Streptococcus epidemidis, Streptococcus faecalis, Clostridium sprogenes, Aerococcus viridems, and Bacillus anthracis. The fungi are Articulosspara inflate, Dendospora erecta, Aspergillus niger, Liodioderium Species, Geotichrum albdum, Aspergillus funigatus and Sreptothric atrax. On the strength of the result, it is inferred that microorganisms are associated with bioremediation and can be used for environmental and petroleum cleanup exercise in an oil spilled site.

scholarly journals Trichoderma asperellum improves soil microenvironment in different growth stages and yield of maize in saline-alkaline soil of the Songnen Plain

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 639-647
Author(s):  
Jian Fu ◽  
Yao Xiao ◽  
Zhihua Liu ◽  
Yifei Zhang ◽  
Yufeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Songnen Plain ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Maize Rhizosphere ◽  
Saline Alkaline Soils

The Songnen Plain is an important agricultural base in China and one of the important areas of distribution of saline-alkaline soils in the cold region. Saline-alkaline soils severely restrict maize growth. This study was to potentially promote the soil nutrient in the maize rhizosphere, microbes diversity, and maize yield by Trichoderma asperellum in saline-alkaline soil of the cold region. In the present study, we applied different amounts of T. asperellum in field experiments for three consecutive years. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyse the impact of Trichoderma on microbes diversity in maize rhizosphere soils. Changes in crop yield and soil nutrients were also monitored. T. asperellum treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of beneficial microbes genera. In the control treatment, the pathogenic microbes were the dominant genera. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that changes in the soil microbial community composition were closely related to soil nutrients and were highly correlated with T. asperellum treatment concentration. Further, T. asperellum treatment increased crop yield by 4.87–20.26%. These findings suggest that T. asperellum treatment optimised the microenvironment of the maize rhizosphere soil, alleviated microbial community degeneration in cold region saline-alkaline soil, and promoted maize growth.  

scholarly journals Identification of the contact region responsible for the formation of the homomeric CYP1A2•CYP1A2 complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aratrika Saha ◽  
J. Patrick Connick ◽  
James R. Reed ◽  
Charles S. Lott ◽  
Wayne L. Backes
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Contact Region ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Homologous Region ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Reductase ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Impaired Binding

Previous studies showed that cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) forms a homomeric complex that influences its metabolic characteristics. Specifically, CYP1A2 activity exhibits a sigmoidal response as a function of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (POR) concentration and is consistent with an inhibitory CYP1A2•CYP1A2 complex that is disrupted by increasing [POR] (Reed et al., (2012) Biochem. J. 446, 489-497). The goal of this study was to identify the CYP1A2 contact regions involved in homomeric complex formation. Examination of X‑ray structure of CYP1A2 implicated the proximal face in homomeric complex formation. Consequently, involvement of residues L91-K106 (P1 region) located on the proximal face of CYP1A2 was investigated. This region was replaced with the homologous region of CYP2B4 (T81-S96) and the protein was expressed in HEK293T/17 cells. Complex formation and its disruption was observed using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). The P1‑CYP1A2 (CYP1A2 with the modified P1 region) exhibited a decreased BRET signal as compared to wild-type CYP1A2 (WT‑CYP1A2). On further examination, P1‑CYP1A2 was much less effective at disrupting the CYP1A2•CYP1A2 homomeric complex, when compared to WT‑CYP1A2, thereby demonstrating impaired binding of P1‑CYP1A2 to WT‑CYP1A2 protein. In contrast, the P1 substitution did not affect its ability to form a heteromeric complex with CYP2B4.  P1‑CYP1A2 also showed decreased activity as compared to WT‑CYP1A2, which was consistent with a decrease in the ability of P1‑CYP1A2 to associate with WT‑POR, again implicating the P1 region in POR binding. These results indicate that the contact region responsible for the CYP1A2•CYP1A2 homomeric complex resides in the proximal region of the protein.

scholarly journals Haloterrigena daqingensis sp. nov., an extremely haloalkaliphilic archaeon isolated from a saline–alkaline soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 2267-2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Qian Yang ◽  
Zhi-Hua Liu ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
Dan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

A haloalkaliphilic archaeon, strain JX313T, was isolated from a saline–alkaline soil from Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China. Its morphological, physiological and biochemical features and 16S rRNA gene sequence were determined. Colonies of the strain were orange–red and cells were non-motile cocci and Gram-stain-variable. The strain required at least 1.7 M NaCl for growth, with optimal growth occurring in 2.0–2.5 M NaCl. Growth was observed at 20–50 °C and pH 8.0–10.5, with optimal growth at 35 °C and pH 10.0. The G+C content of its genomic DNA was 59.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JX313T is associated with the genera Haloterrigena and Natrinema and is most closely related to Haloterrigena salina XH-65T (96.2 % sequence similarity) and Haloterrigena hispanica FP1T (96.2 %). DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed that the relatedness of strain JX313T to type strains of related species of the genus Haloterrigena or Natrinema was less than 50 %. Furthermore, the cellular polar lipids of strain JX313T, identified as phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester and mannose-2,6-disulfate (1→2)-glucose glycerol diether (S2-DGD), were consistent with the polar lipid characteristics of the genus Haloterrigena. Therefore, phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic assessment and chemotaxonomic data showed that JX313T represents a novel species within the genus Haloterrigena, for which the name Haloterrigena daqingensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JX313T (=CGMCC 1.8909T =NBRC 105739T).

scholarly journals The Numerical Phenetic of Taxonomy Vibrio in Shellfish (Meretrix meretrix) at Edu-Tourism Mangrove Cengkrong Beach Trenggalek

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Burhanuddin Ihsan ◽  
Endah Retnaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Meretrix Meretrix ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
High Animal ◽  
Systematic Bacteriology ◽  
The Media ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

HighlightIdentify the Vibrio bacteriaDiversity of shellfish Vibrio bacteria (Meretrix Meretrix)Relationship similarity of Vibrio bacteria with MVSP 3.1 Program produces DendogramAbstract Meretrix meretrix is one type of shellfish that is potential, and economic value, which high animal protein content as well as seafood that is widely consumed in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the diversity and similarity of Vibrio in M. meretrix at eduwisata mangrove Cengkrong Beach, Trenggalek. Isolation and identification of Vibrio was conducted by using the media TCBSA (Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt Sucrose Agar) streat plate through morphological observation, physiological and biochemical tests based Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology conducted in the laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gajah Mada. Data analysis was performed using the MVSP (Multivariate Statistical Package) 3.1 in the form of a dendrogram showing the similarity relationship Vibrio bacteria. The results of the identification of Vibrio bacteria in M. Meretrix are V. herveyi, V. parahemolyticus, V. nereis and V. proteolyticus. V. herveyi has similarities with V. parahemolyticus 66% and 62% with V. proteolyticus while with V. nereis bacterium 54%.

Characteristics of the rhizosphere bacterial community across different cultivation years in saline–alkaline paddy soils of Songnen Plain of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 925-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juntao Cui ◽  
Yanan Li ◽  
Chengyu Wang ◽  
Kyung Seok Kim ◽  
Tianye Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Songnen Plain ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial

The characteristics of the rhizosphere microbial community across different cultivation years (from 1, 3, 5, 15, 20, and 50 years) in saline–alkaline paddy soils in Songnen Plain of China were investigated based on sequence variation of 16S rDNA using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The results showed that the microbial community diversity varied across cultivation years, showing higher diversity in cultivation years >15 than in cultivation years <15. The dominant microbial community of the rhizosphere was mainly composed of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, soil microbial diversity appeared to be affected directly by changes in soil properties corresponding to cultivated years. Diversity of Proteobacteria decreased as cultivated years increased; however, that of Acidobacteria showed the opposite direction. In addition, the soil microbial communities were clustered into two main groups: one from the sites cultivated for fewer than 15 years, and the other from the sites cultivated for more than 15 years. The abundance of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in the soil sample was significantly higher in soils cultivated for under 15 years than in those cultivated for over 15 years (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was an obvious negative correlation between the cultivated years and Methanosarcina. Our findings on the dynamics of microbial community and its specific function in response to variable soil conditions are important for understanding and improving physical and chemical characteristics of saline–alkaline soil in Songnen Plain of China.

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