scholarly journals Hydroclimatic variations reveal differences in carbon capture in two sympatric conifers in northern Mexico

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos González-Cásares ◽  
Marín Pompa-García ◽  
Alejandro Venegas-González ◽  
Pedro Domínguez-Calleros ◽  
José Hernández-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Cupressus Lusitanica ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Annual Carbon

Background Forest ecosystems are considered among the largest terrestrial carbon sinks. The dynamics of forest carbon depend on where the carbon is stored and its responses to environmental factors, as well as the physiology of the trees. Thus, threatened forest regions with high biodiversity have great scientific importance, such as the Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico. A comparative analysis of tree species can expand the knowledge of the carbon cycle dynamics and ecological processes in this region. Here, we examined the growth, wood density, and carbon accumulation of two threatened species (Pseudotsuga menziesii and Cupressus lusitanica) to evaluate their hydroclimatic responsiveness. Methods The temporal variations in the carbon accumulation patterns of two co-occurring species (P. menziesii and C. lusitanica) and their sensitivity to the local climate were studied using dendroecological techniques, X-ray densitometry, and allometric equations. Results The results show that the annual carbon accumulation in C. lusitanica is positively associated with the temperature during the current fall, while the carbon accumulation in P. menziesii is correlated with the rainfall during the winter of the previous year. The climatic responses are associated with the intra-annual variations of wood density and ring widths for each species. The ring width was strongly correlated with carbon accumulation in C. lusitanica, while the mean wood density was linked to carbon accumulation in P. menziesii. Discussion This study has implications for the carbon accumulation rates of both species, revealing differences in the carbon capture patterns in response to climatic variations. Although the species coexist, there are variation in the hydroclimatic sensitivity of the annual carbon sequestered by trunks of trees, which would be associated with tree-ring width and/or wood density, i.e., directly by anatomical features. The results are relevant to analyze the response to the variability of climatic conditions expected in the near future of the tree communities of Sierra Madre Occidental. Therefore, this study provides a basis for modeling the long-term carbon budget projections in terrestrial ecosystems in northern Mexico.

scholarly journals First Report of Arceuthobium blumeri on Pinus ayacahuite and A. globosum subsp. globosum on P. durangensis from Sinaloa, Mexico

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-377
Author(s):  
S. Quiñonez Barraza ◽  
R. Mathiasen
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
San Jose ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Dwarf Mistletoe ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
First Report ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Needle Morphology ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
System 2

Arceuthobium blumeri A. Nelson (Blumer's dwarf mistletoe, Viscaceae) is a parasite of Pinus ayacahuite Ehrenberg ex Schlechtendahl (Mexican white pine) and P. strobiformis Engelm. (southwestern white pine) in the Sierra Madre Occidental of northern Mexico (3). It is widely distributed in Chihuahua and Durango and is known from one location in Sonora (3,4). A. globosum Hawksworth & Wiens subsp. globosum (rounded dwarf mistletoe) parasitizes several pine species in the same areas of Mexico, but extends as far south as northern Jalisco (3). In July 2005, S. Quiñonez Barraza observed both of these dwarf mistletoes in Ejido San José del Barranco, Municipio de Badiraguato, Sinaloa, Mexico. A. blumeri was observed parasitizing P. ayacahuite at two locations: Paraje Faldeo Rancho del Oso (25°39′18″N, 107°01′27″W, elevation 2,600 m) and Paraje La Tableta (25°40′14″N, 107°01′33″W, elevation 2,520 m). The host at these two locations was identified by cone and needle morphology (1). Because the mistletoe plants were gray to straw in color and larger than 6 cm, they were clearly A. blumeri and not A. apachecum Hawksworth & Wiens, another dwarf mistletoe that parasitizes P. strobiformis in Arizona, New Mexico, and Coahuila, Mexico (3). A. globosum subsp. globosum was observed parasitizing P. durangensis Martínez at Paraje Puerto del Alacrán (25°39′52″N, 107°00′57″W, elevation 2,650 m). Infection of the pine hosts was severe at all three locations in Sinaloa and many trees were rated as class 5 and 6 by the 6-class dwarf mistletoe rating system (2). Large witches' brooms were formed on P. ayacahuite infected with A. blumeri, but no witches' brooms were formed on infected P. durangensis. Typically, A. globosum does not induce witches' brooms on infected pines (3). Specimens of A. blumeri and A. globosum subsp. globosum were collected and deposited at the Herbario CIIDIR, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Durango, Dgo., 34220 Mexico. To our knowledge, this is the first report of A. blumeri and A. globosum subsp. globosum from Sinaloa, Mexico. References: (1) A. Farjon and B. T. Styles. Flora Neotrop. Monogr. 75. 1997. (2) F. G. Hawksworth. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-78, 1977. (3) F. G. Hawksworth and D. Wiens. USDA For. Serv. Agric. Handb. 709, 1996. (4) R. Mathiasen et al. Madroño 55:161, 2008.

New records of ectoparasites for Mexico and their prevalence in the montane shrew Sorex monticolus (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) at Cerro del Mohinora, Sierra Madre Occidental of Chihuahua, Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4809 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-396
Author(s):  
ROXANA ACOSTA ◽  
CARMEN GUZMÁN-CORNEJO ◽  
FLOR ANGÉLICA QUIÑONEZ CISNEROS ◽  
ANGÉLICA ANNAY TORRES QUIÑONEZ ◽  
JESÚS A. FERNÁNDEZ
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
The State ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Protection Area

The Flora and Fauna Protection Area (Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna—ÁPFF) Cerro del Mohinora, is the highest mountain in northern Mexico, reaching an elevation of 3,300 meters. It constitutes one of the last high-elevation islands of alpine and subalpine vegetation known in the Sierra Madre Occidental, in the extreme southwestern part of Chihuahua. The ÁPFF Cerro del Mohinora is located near the state border and limits with Durango and Sinaloa. This type of ecosystem located at high altitudes is in danger of disappearing since only 1% or less of its original extension remains; it is considered a refuge for species with boreal affinities (McDonald et al. 2011).

scholarly journals Mid-tertiary siliceous igneous activity above cratonic and accreted basement in northern Mexico; comparison of two localities

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-850
Author(s):  
A. Albrecht ◽  
D. G. Brookins
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Igneous Activity ◽  
Los Grupos

El borde sur del craton de Norteamérica está situado en el norte de México, pero no puede ser localizado con exactitud por la falta de afloramientos del basamento. Este trabajo investiga la química de la gruesa cubierta de 1000 m de rocas ígneas del Terciario que predominan en la Sierra Madre Occidental mexicana, como un indicador de variaciones de la composición del basamento. Con este fin se estudiaron 2 localidades: San Buenaventura, situado en el noreste de Chihuahua, representa la actividad ígnea sobre el basamento cratónico del Precámbrico; la sección del Caños del Cobre en El Divisadero, al suroeste de Chihuahua, representa la actividad ígnea por encima de terrenos de acreción con basamento desconocido. En ambas áreas predominan flujos de lava silícea e ignimbritas. La sección de 600m en Buenaventura se caracteriza por una estructura de caldera de 11 km de extensión asociada a una intrusión granítica resurgente. El área adyacente a la estructura de la caldera está formada por varias ignimbritas mayores y flujos intermedios de lava de composición basáltica, de andesitica a riolítica. Toda la secuencia está representada en el campo de rocas calcialcalinas con alto contenido de potasio. Las rocas silíceas se caracterizan por feldespato potásico, plagioclasa, biotita, clinopiroxeno, anfíbolas y fases opacas. La edad Rb/Sr es de 33.2 Ma con una tasa inicial de 87Sr/86Sr de 0.706577±0.000425. como todas las rocas silíceas están representadas sobre la capa isocrónica, se ha interpretado que se deriva de una fuente magmática común, probablemente un gran compuesto plutónico. La existencia de rocas acumulativas dentro del complejo granítico sugiere que la etapa final de diferenciación no ocurrió a una profundidad mayor. Existe un aumento lineal de abundancia de elemento LIL con SiO2 y esto debe tomarse en cuenta al comparar la secuencia Buenaventura con otras secuencias. La sección del Cañon del Cobre en El Divisadero se caracteriza enteramente por rocas silíceas de composición dacítica a riolitica. La sección completa de 1400 m consiste en capas horizontales de flujos de lava silícea e ignimbritas. La sección se ha subdividido en unidad inferior y unidad superior. La superior tiene una edad Rb/Sr de 29.0 Ma con una tasa inicial de 87Sr/86Sr de 0.705644±0.000335. Mineralógicamente, las rocas silíceas son similares a las rocas Buenaventura, a excepción de una mayor abundancia de anfíbolas, que sugiere una evolución petrográfica similar. La comparación de los datos geoquímicos de El Divisadero con los de secuencia Buenaventura muestra que además de la diferencia en composición isotópica Sr existe una diferencia significativa en los elementos en los grupos K, Ti y Th, en las abundancias de REE y en las tasas interelementales. Las rocas ígneas terciarias pueden, por lo tanto, utilizarse como indicadores de las variaciones del basamento.

STABLE ISOTOPE COMPOSITIONS OF MODERN SURFACE WATER IN THE SIERRA MADRE OCCIDENTAL, MEXICO

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Foote ◽  
◽  
Majie Fan ◽  
Aaron J. Martin ◽  
Lu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Sierra Madre

Variation in wood density and ring width in Acacia melanoxylon at four sites in Portugal

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Tavares ◽  
José L. Louzada ◽  
Helena Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Acacia Melanoxylon

Post-Oligocene river incision, southern Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico

Geomorphology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 235-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Montgomery ◽  
Jorge López-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
River Incision ◽  
Sierra Madre

scholarly journals New locality of the endangered Sierra Madre Sparrow (Xenospiza baileyi) from the State of Durango, Mexico, and recommendations for its conservation

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Hugo Martínez-Guerrero ◽  
Jorge Nocedal ◽  
Daniel Sierra-Franco ◽  
Samuel Ignacio Arroyo-Arroyo ◽  
Martín Emilio Pereda-Solís
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Rainfed Agriculture ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Protection Area ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
The City ◽  
Special Protection

The Sierra Madre Sparrow (Xenospiza baileyi) is an endemic species of Mexico that is threatened with extinction. Its distribution is reported in two areas: One in the Transvolcanic Belt of central Mexico (La Cima) near Mexico City and the other in the Sierra Madre Occidental in northwestern Mexico (Ejido Ojo de Agua El Cazador) near the city of Durango, in the state of Durango. The habitat is the same in these two areas, and consists of sub-alpine grassland that is located in shallow valleys or shallows. In our case, "El Bajío la Cantera" of approximately 55 hectares, is mostly used in rainfed agriculture, protected from livestock grazing with wire fences, which in turn represents protection for remnants of grassland where they are the birds. “El Bajío la Cantera" belongs to Ejido 12 de Mayo, Municipality of San Dimas, Durango, where 28 males were detected singing along a 500 meter transect. This finding represents the population of the healthiest Sierra Madre Sparrow currently known, so it would be necessary to document their population trend over time. This information can help to evaluate and propose the creation of a special protection area for the species that involves joint government actions and ejidatarios tending to conserve the habitat during the reproductive season in order to increase and / or maintain the size of the population.

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