scholarly journals Secondary Succession under invasive species (Pteridium aquilinum) conditions in a seasonal dry tropical forest in southeastern Mexico

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6974
Author(s):  
Alberto Jean Baptiste ◽  
Pedro A. Macario ◽  
Gerald A. Islebe ◽  
Benedicto Vargas-Larreta ◽  
Luciano Pool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Secondary Succession ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Importance Value

The role of invasive species in ecosystem functioning represents one of the main challenges in ecology. Pteridium aquilinum is a successful cosmopolitan invasive species with negative effects on the ecological mechanisms that allow secondary succession. In this study, we evaluated the influence of P. aquilinumon secondary succession under different disturbances in a seasonal dry forest of the Yucatán Peninsula. We determined species richness, composition and the relative importance value in four sampling units. Fabaceae followed by Asteraceae, Meliaceae, Rubiaceae, Sapindaceae and Verbenaceae were the most species rich families. A dissimilarity analysis determined significant differences in beta diversity between sampling units. With a generalized linear model we found that species richness was best explained by site conditions, followed by calcium and soil organic matter. Also, the generalized linear model showed that abundance resulted in a strong correlation with site conditions and soil characteristics. Specific soil conditions related to phosphoro and calcium were also detected as beneficiary to the successional processes. Our results suggest that applying fire restriction and periodic cutting of the bracken fern, this can increase a higher diversity of species.

scholarly journals Influence of Invasive Species on Ecological Succession Routes in Disturbed Seasonal Dry Tropical Forests in Southeastern Mexico

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Jean-Baptiste ◽  
Pedro A. Macario ◽  
Gerald Alexander Islebe ◽  
Benedicto Vargas-Larreta ◽  
Luciano Pool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Secondary Succession ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Alternative State ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
And Control

Understanding the role of invasive species in ecosystem functioning represents one of the main challenges in ecology. Pteridium aquilinum is a successful cosmopolitan invasive species with negative effects on the ecological mechanisms that allow secondary succession. In this study we evaluated whether P. aquilinum favours the establishment of alternative states, as well as the effect of recovery strategies on the secondary succession. A random stratified sampling was established with three treatments, each one with at least 50 year of fern invasion and with variations on the periodicity of fires and cuttings (chapeos) vs one control without fern bracken We determined the species richness and composition, as well as the relative importance value (IVI) in each treatment. We found that P. aquilinum decreases the action of the mechanisms that allow secondary succession, particularly facilitation. The recovery strategies consist in monthly cuttings and control fires allow to recover the secondary succession and eventually, the regeneration of areas invaded by P. aquilinum. Our study has relevant implications on the ecology of alternative state, and in practical strategies to maintain tropical forests, as well as for the maintenance of environmental services and sustainability.

scholarly journals Use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in streams to detect feral swine (Sus scrofa)

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8287
Author(s):  
Amberly N. Hauger ◽  
Karmen M. Hollis-Etter ◽  
Dwayne R. Etter ◽  
Gary J. Roloff ◽  
Andrew R. Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Detection Probability ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stream Data ◽  
Feral Swine ◽  
Animal Populations

Invasive feral swine can damage ecosystems, disrupt plant and animal populations, and transmit diseases. Monitoring of feral swine populations requires expensive and labor-intensive techniques such as aerial surveys, field surveys for sign, trail cameras, and verifying landowner reports. Environmental DNA (eDNA) provides an alternative method for locating feral swine. To aid in detection of this harmful invasive species, a novel assay was developed incorporating molecular methods. From August 2017 to April 2018, water samples and stream data were collected along 400 m transects in two different stream types where swine DNA was artificially introduced to investigate potential factors affecting detection. A generalized linear model (family binomial) was used to characterize environmental conditions affecting swine DNA detection; detection was the dependent variable and stream measurements included stream type, distance downstream, water temperature, velocity, turbidity, discharge, and pH as independent variables. Parameters from the generalized linear model were deemed significant if 95% confidence intervals did not overlap 0. Detection probability for swine DNA negatively related to water temperature (β =  − 0.21, 95% CI [−0.35 to −0.09]), with the highest detection probability (0.80) at 0 °C and lowest detection probability (0.05) at 17.9 °C water temperature. Results indicate that sampling for swine eDNA in free-flowing stream systems should occur at lower water temperatures to maximize detection probability. This study provides a foundation for further development of field and sampling techniques for utilizing eDNA as a viable alternative to monitoring a terrestrial invasive species in northern regions of the United States.

scholarly journals INVASÃO BIOLÓGICA POR Crotalaria retusa L. (FABACEAE) EM DUNAS NO NORDESTE DO BRASIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid do Bom Parto Araújo Santana ◽  
Nivaldo de Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Structural Arrangement ◽  
Biological Contamination ◽  
Botanical Species ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Total Species

O presente estudo tem como objetivo definir se a diversidade local é um dos fatores que levam ao sucesso no estabelecimento de moitas da espécie exótica invasora Crotalaria retusa. O estudo foi realizado nas dunas costeiras da Ilha do Maranhão, no trecho entre as praias de São Marcos e Araçagy. Para tanto, foram selecionadas moitas amostradas pelo método de parcelas múltiplas de Mueller-dombois & Ellenberg, no qual foi amostrado com parcelas de 1mx1m, 40% da cobertura vegetal no interior e no entono das moitas de C. retusa, sendo posteriormente calculados os Índices de Valor de Importância de Cobertura (IVCi) para cada espécie botânica amostrada, diversidade de Shannon – Wienner (H’) e Equabilidade de Pielou (J). A riqueza total de espécies foi de 101 espécies (76 no interior e 81 no entorno). As espécies com maior IVCi no interior e no entorno foram, respectivamente, C. retusa (124,97) e espécimes da família Poaceae (104,83). A diversidade foi de H’ = 2,58 no interior e H’= 2,59 no entorno, enquanto que a equabilidade foi de J=0,59 (no interior e no entorno). Observou-se que a riqueza de espécies no interior da moita aumenta à medida que a cobertura de C. retusa diminui, demostrando que a espécie botânica invasora pode interferir na ocorrência das espécies nativas.BIOLOGICAL INVASION BY Crotalaria retusa L. (FABACEAE) IN DUNE AREAS IN SÃO LUÍS, MARANHÃO, NORTHEAST BRAZILABSTRACTThe present study aims to analyze the structural arrangement of the inside and around of the Crotalaria retusa clumps in dune areas of Ilha do Maranhão. The study was realized out in the coastal dunes of Ilha do Maranhão, in the stretch between the beaches of São Marcos and Araçagi. Therefore, clumps of vegetation sampled by the multiple plot method were selected, in which it wasa sample with plots of 1m2, 40% of the vegetation cover inside and around the C. retusa clumps, and the were calculated Importance Value (IV) for each a sampled botanical species, Shannon – Wienner diversity (H’) e Pielou Equability (J). The total species richness was 101 species (76 inland and 81 inthe around). The species C. retusa had the highest VI in the inside (124,97) and in the around it was the second with the highest VI (59,40). The diversity was H’ = 2,58 nats.m2 on the inside and H’=2,59 nats.m2 on the around, while the equability was J=0,59 (in the inside and the around). It was observed that the species richness inside the clump increases as the coverage of C. retusa decreases, showing the invasive botanical species could interfere with the occurrence of native species.Keywords: Biological contamination; Invasive species; Coastal dunes; Coverage index; Importance value.

scholarly journals Complex community responses underpin biodiversity change following invasion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra R. Kortz ◽  
Anne E. Magurran
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Mechanistic Approach ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Biodiversity Change ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractHow do invasive species change native biodiversity? One reason why this long-standing question remains challenging to answer could be because the main focus of the invasion literature has been on shifts in species richness (a measure of α-diversity). As the underlying components of community structure—intraspecific aggregation, interspecific density and the species abundance distribution (SAD)—are potentially impacted in different ways during invasion, trends in species richness provide only limited insight into the mechanisms leading to biodiversity change. In addition, these impacts can be manifested in distinct ways at different spatial scales. Here we take advantage of the new Measurement of Biodiversity (MoB) framework to reanalyse data collected in an invasion front in the Brazilian Cerrado biodiversity hotspot. We show that, by using the MoB multi-scale approach, we are able to link reductions in species richness in invaded sites to restructuring in the SAD. This restructuring takes the form of lower evenness in sites invaded by pines relative to sites without pines. Shifts in aggregation also occur. There is a clear signature of spatial scale in biodiversity change linked to the presence of an invasive species. These results demonstrate how the MoB approach can play an important role in helping invasion ecologists, field biologists and conservation managers move towards a more mechanistic approach to detecting and interpreting changes in ecological systems following invasion.

Gamma generalized linear model to investigate the effects of climate variables on the area burned by forest fire in northeast China

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Futao Guo ◽  
Guangyu Wang ◽  
John L. Innes ◽  
Xiangqing Ma ◽  
Long Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Area Burned
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