scholarly journals The anti-biofilm effect of silver-nanoparticle-decorated quercetin nanoparticles on a multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli strain isolated from a dairy cow with mastitis

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lumin Yu ◽  
Fei Shang ◽  
Xiaolin Chen ◽  
Jingtian Ni ◽  
Li Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
E Coli

Background Escherichia coli is an important opportunistic pathogen that could cause inflammation of the udder in dairy cows resulting in reduced milk production and changes in milk composition and quality, and even death of dairy cows. Therefore, mastitis is the main health issue which leads to major economic losses on dairy farms. Antibiotics are routinely used for the treatment of bovine mastitis. The ability to form biofilm increases the antibiotic resistance of E. coli. Nanoparticles (NPs), a nanosized, safe, and highly cost-effective antibacterial agent, are potential biomedical tools. Given their antibacterial activities, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have a broad range of applications. Methods In this study, we performed antibacterial activity assays, biofilm formation assays, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments, and real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) experiments to investigate the antibacterial and anti-biofilm effect of quercetin, Ag NPs, and Silver-nanoparticle-decorated quercetin nanoparticles (QA NPs) in E. coli strain ECDCM1. Results In this study, QA NPs, a composite material combining Ag NPs and the plant-derived drug component quercetin, exhibited stronger antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties in a multi-drug resistant E. coli strain isolated from a dairy cow with mastitis, compared to Ag NPs and Qe. Discussion This study provides evidence that QA NPs possess high antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities. They proved to be more effective than Ag NPs and Qe against the biofilm formation of a multi-drug resistant E. coli isolated from cows with mastitis. This suggests that QA NPs might be used as a potential antimicrobial agent in the treatment of bovine mastitis caused by E. coli.

scholarly journals An Integrated Perspective on Virulence-Associated Genes (VAGs), Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), and Phylogenetic Clusters of Pathogenic and Non-pathogenic Avian Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyede Elham Rezatofighi ◽  
Arash Najafifar ◽  
Mahdi Askari Badouei ◽  
Seyed Mostafa Peighambari ◽  
Mohammad Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Clonal Relatedness ◽  
Almost All

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is an important bacterial pathogen that causes avian colibacillosis and leads to huge economic losses in the poultry industry. Different virulence traits contribute to pathogenesis of APEC infections, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has also been an overwhelming issue in poultry worldwide. In the present study, we aimed to investigate and compare the presence of virulence-associated genes (VAGs), AMR, and phylogenetic group's distribution among APEC and avian fecal E. coli (AFEC) strains. E. coli from birds with colisepticemia and yolk sac infection (YSI) (APEC) plus E. coli strains from the feces of healthy birds (AFEC) were compared by the aforementioned traits. In addition, the clonal relatedness was compared using Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR). Although all strains were susceptible to fosfomycin, ceftriaxone, and cefixime, almost all strains (98%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR). All strains (except two) harbored at least three or more VAGs, and the virulence scores tended to be higher in pathogenic strains especially in the colisepticemic group. All phylogenetic groups were found in isolates from YSI, colisepticemia, and the feces of healthy birds; however, the frequency of phylogroups varied according to the source of the isolate. B1 and C phylogroups were statistically more likely to be found among APEC from YSI and colisepticemic E. coli groups, respectively, while phylogroup A was the most frequently occurring phylogroup among AFEC strains. Our findings also revealed that AMR and VAGs are not essentially co-evolved traits as in some instances AMR strains were more prevalent among AFEC. This reflects the divergent evolutionary pathways of resistance acquisition in pathogenic or non-pathogenic avian E. coli strains. Importantly, strains related to phylogenetic group C showed higher virulence score and AMR that requires further attention. To some extent, ERIC-PCR was able to group strains by isolation source, phylogroup, or virulence genes. Further integrated studies along with assessment of more detailed genotypic and phenotypic features could potentially lead to better understanding of virulence, resistance, and evolution of ExPEC.

Effect of Biofilm Formation on the Escherichia coli Drug Resistance of Isolates from Pigs in Central China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinpeng Li ◽  
Qingying Fan ◽  
Chenlong Mao ◽  
Manyu Jin ◽  
Li Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Central China ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Ability Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern

Background: Multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) can cause a variety of diseases that lead to considerable economic losses in the swine industry. In the past, the mainstream view believed that most bacterial resistance was caused by planktonic bacteria, but the ability of bacteria to form biofilms was ignored. Here, we isolated and identified 185 strains of E. coli from pigs in central China and analyzed the relationship between their genetics, antibiotic sensitivity and biofilm formation ability.Methods: First, the isolates were classified according to biofilm formation ability by semi-quantitative staining of crystal violet. Then, Phylogenetic group analysis of isolates by polymerase chain reaction. In addition, E. coli with different biofilm-forming abilities were evaluated for antimicrobial susceptibility in its planktonic and biofilm state. Finally, the drug resistance pattern of the isolates with different biofilm formation capabilities were compared.Result: most of the collected strains showed biofilm formation ability (87.57%, 162/185). The isolated E. coli with biofilm formation ability were classified into the following groups: A (16.05%, 26/162), B1 (10.49%, 17/162), B2 (33.33%, 54/162) and D (40.12%, 65/162). Simultaneously, the isolated E. coli were classified into the following groups according to the biofilm formation ability: Strong (34.57%, 56/162), Moderate (33.33%, 54/162), Weak (32.10%, 52/162) and Absent (12.43%, 23/162). Compared with the planktonic cells, the isolates showed a significant increase in the resistance rate in the biofilm form. And the isolates of the strong biofilm-forming ability group had a high drug resistance pattern. This study provides data of the drug resistance of pig-derived E. coli with different biofilm-forming abilities and provides a scientific basis for guiding veterinary clinical treatment and disease prevention.

The Frequency of Fluoroquinolone Resistant Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from Stools of Diarrheic Children in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebuka David ◽  
MA Yameen ◽  
IO Igwenyi ◽  
IR Iroha ◽  
HC Nzelibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Rapid Emergence

Abstract Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of acute childhood diarrhea. The evaluation of ETEC in children is important for therapeutic and economic purposes. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency of ETEC among diarrheic children, their multidrug and fluoroquinolone resistant pattern. A total of twenty diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) isolates were gotten from hundred diarrheal samples using biochemical and molecular methods. Multiplex PCR was used to detect the presence of four different pathological types of DEC. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the organisms. Biofilm formation was detected by thiazoylblue tetrazolium bromide dye in a 96-well plate. Results showed that ETEC represented 30% of the DEC, of which 80% were multidrug and fluoroquinolone resistant. The biofilm production abilities of all the ETEC were found to exist within weak, moderate and strong biofilm producers. We observed a high ETEC frequency and rapid emergence of multidrug/fluoroquinolone resistance, suggesting that it is one of the most important causes of frequent drug resistant diarrhea in children in this region.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation on Biotic and Abiotic Surfaces in the Presence of Antimicrobials by Escherichia coli Isolates from Cases of Bovine Mastitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (19) ◽  
pp. 6136-6145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor O. Silva ◽  
Larissa O. Soares ◽  
Abelardo Silva Júnior ◽  
Hilário C. Mantovani ◽  
Yung-Fu Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces

ABSTRACTEscherichia coliis a highly adaptive microorganism, and its ability to form biofilms under certain conditions can be critical for antimicrobial resistance. The adhesion of fourE. coliisolates from bovine mastitis to bovine mammary alveolar (MAC-T) cells, biofilm production on a polystyrene surface, and the expression profiles of the genesfliC,csgA,fimA, andluxSin the presence of enrofloxacin, gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, and ampicillin at half of the MIC were investigated. Increased adhesion ofE. coliisolates in the presence of antimicrobials was not observed; however, increased internalization of some isolates was observed by confocal microscopy. All of the antimicrobials induced the formation of biofilms by at least one isolate, whereas enrofloxacin and co-trimoxazole decreased biofilm formation by at least one isolate. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that all four genes were differentially expressed when bacteria were exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials, with expression altered on the order of 1.5- to 22-fold. However, it was not possible to associate gene expression with induction or reduction of biofilm formation in the presence of the antimicrobials. Taken together, the results demonstrate that antimicrobials could induce biofilm formation by some isolates, in addition to inducing MAC-T cell invasion, a situation that might occurin vivo, potentially resulting in a bacterial reservoir in the udder, which might explain some cases of persistent mastitis in herds.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of Satureja hortensis essential oil against Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from poultry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Haji Seyedtaghiya ◽  
Bahar Nayeri Fasaei ◽  
Seyed Mostafa Peighambari
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Satureja Hortensis

Background and Objectives: Escherichia coli and some Salmonella serovars cause various disease manifestations in poultry leading to significant economic losses. The widespread and imprudent use of antibacterial agents in poultry flocks have increased resistant to many antibacterial agents which has become a major public health concern. Some medicinal plants may be alternative to antibacterial agents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of summer savory essential oil against E. coli and Salmonella isolated from poultry. Materials and Methods: The essential oil was extracted using a Clevenger apparatus and subsequently its compounds were determined using GC-MS. Antibacterial properties of essential oil were determined by disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). To evaluate the anti-biofilm properties the Microtiter plate test was used. Herbal essential oil was extracted and its compounds were identified correctly. Results: The major components of Satureja hortensis essential oil were thymol (41.28%), γ-terpinene (37.63%), p-cymene (12.2%) and α-terpinene (3.52%). The inhibition zone diameter in the disc diffusion test for E. coli and Salmonella were 32 ± 3 and 38 ± 4 mm, respectively, which was confirmed by MIC and MBC values. Regarding anti-biofilm activity, the MIC/2 concentration of S. hortensis significantly inhibited biofilm formation of E. coli. However, inhibition of biofilm formation of Salmonella was shown at concentration of MIC/2 and MIC/4. Conclusion: Based on our results, S. hortensis essential oil showed the growth inhibition and bactericidal activity against E. coli and Salmonella. Moreover, this study demonstrated anti-biofilm activity of S. hortensis essential against both tested bacteria.

scholarly journals Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of the inhibition effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on Escherichia coli biofilm formation in co-culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyi Song ◽  
Ni Lou ◽  
Jianjun Liu ◽  
Hong Xiang ◽  
Dong Shang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Protein Ubiquitination

Abstract Background Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the principal pathogen that causes biofilm formation. Biofilms are associated with infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance. This study employed proteomic analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins after coculture of E. coli with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) microcapsules. Methods To explore the relevant protein abundance changes after E. coli and LGG coculture, label-free quantitative proteomic analysis and qRT-PCR were applied to E. coli and LGG microcapsule groups before and after coculture, respectively. Results The proteomic analysis characterised a total of 1655 proteins in E. coli K12MG1655 and 1431 proteins in the LGG. After coculture treatment, there were 262 differentially expressed proteins in E. coli and 291 in LGG. Gene ontology analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins were mainly related to cellular metabolism, the stress response, transcription and the cell membrane. A protein interaction network and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that the differentiated proteins were mainly involved in the protein ubiquitination pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction. Conclusions These findings indicated that LGG microcapsules may inhibit E. coli biofilm formation by disrupting metabolic processes, particularly in relation to energy metabolism and stimulus responses, both of which are critical for the growth of LGG. Together, these findings increase our understanding of the interactions between bacteria under coculture conditions.

scholarly journals Mechanistic insights into synergy between nalidixic acid and tetracycline against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Gaurav ◽  
Varsha Gupta ◽  
Sandeep K. Shrivastava ◽  
Ranjana Pathania
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
E Coli

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance has become a global health problem. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen due to its capacity to persist in the hospital environment. It has a high mortality rate and few treatment options. Antibiotic combinations can help to fight multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, but they are rarely used in the clinics and mostly unexplored. The interaction between bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics are mostly reported as antagonism based on the results obtained in the susceptible model laboratory strain Escherichia coli. However, in the present study, we report a synergistic interaction between nalidixic acid and tetracycline against clinical multi-drug resistant A. baumannii and E. coli. Here we provide mechanistic insight into this dichotomy. The synergistic combination was studied by checkerboard assay and time-kill curve analysis. We also elucidate the mechanism behind this synergy using several techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, morphometric analysis, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Nalidixic acid and tetracycline combination displayed synergy against most of the MDR clinical isolates of A. baumannii and E. coli but not against susceptible isolates. Finally, we demonstrate that this combination is also effective in vivo in an A. baumannii/Caenorhabditis elegans infection model (p < 0.001)

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