scholarly journals Daytime driving decreases amphibian roadkill

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyan Zhang ◽  
Guocheng Shu ◽  
Yulong Li ◽  
Shan Xiong ◽  
Chunping Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Roadkill has gradually become a common factor that has contributed to the decline of amphibians, and traffic volume is an important parameter that can be used to determine the impacts of roads. However, few researchers have studied the effects of either daily or nightly traffic volume on amphibian roadkill in China. Hence, as an essential step for implementing mitigation measures, we conducted 77 road surveys along 10 km of road in the Wanglang National Nature Reserve (NNR) to determine the temporal and spatial distribution patterns of amphibian road mortality. In total, 298 dead individuals (Bufo andrewsi and Rana chensinensis) were observed on the road from April to October in 2017 and during June and August in 2015 and 2016. B. andrewsi had the highest number of records (85.2%) and was more vulnerable to road mortality than R. chensinensis. Amphibian fatalities mainly occurred during the breeding season in April, but there was an additional concentration of B. andrewsi roadkill in June and July. There was a significantly positive correlation between amphibian road mortality and mean night-time traffic volume. Roadkill hotspots were non-randomly distributed throughout the study area and were mainly concentrated in the road sections near the breeding pools. Therefore, to effectively mitigate the effects of road mortality in the Wanglang NNR, measures should be implemented both during hot moments and at hotspots. First, based on roadkill hot moments, during the breeding season (in April) and in June and July, the Wanglang NNR should establish temporary traffic restraints at night. Second, based on roadkill hotspots, culverts should be established in areas near breeding pools adjacent to roads, and barrier walls should be installed to guide amphibians into the culverts.

scholarly journals Frequency and causes of kangaroo - vehicle collisions on an Australian outback highway

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Klöcker ◽  
David B. Croft ◽  
Daniel Ramp
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Road Kill ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Kangaroo–vehicle collisions are frequent on Australian highways. Despite high economic costs, detrimental effects on animal welfare, and potential impacts on population viability, little research has been done to investigate the impact of road mortality on kangaroo populations, where and why accidents occur, and how the collisions can be mitigated. We therefore collected data on species (Macropus rufus, M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus, M. robustus), sex and age of kangaroos killed on a 21.2-km bitumenised section of outback highway over 6 months in far western New South Wales, Australia. The spatial and temporal distribution of road-killed kangaroos was investigated in relation to the cover and quality of road-side vegetation, road characteristics, the density of kangaroos along the road, climatic variables and traffic volume. A total of 125 kangaroos were found killed on the road at a rate of 0.03 deaths km–1 day–1. Grey kangaroos of two species (M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus) were under-represented in the road-kill sample in comparison with their proportion in the source population estimated during the day. No bias towards either sex was found. The age structure of road-killed kangaroos was similar to age structures typical of source kangaroo populations. Road-kills mainly occurred in open plains country. In road sections with curves or stock races, road-kill frequencies were higher than expected. Greater cover and greenness of roadside vegetation at the verge probably attracted kangaroos to the road and variation in this vegetation affected the spatial distribution of road-kills. The temporal distribution of road-kills was positively correlated with the volume of night-time traffic. The probability of a kangaroo–vehicle collision increased exponentially with traffic volume. Results are discussed in relation to the potential for mitigation of kangaroo–vehicle collisions.

scholarly journals Extracting Road Traffic Volume in the City before and during covid-19 through Video Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Macioszek ◽  
Agata Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Continuous, automatic measurements of road traffic volume allow the obtaining of information on daily, weekly or seasonal fluctuations in road traffic volume. They are the basis for calculating the annual average daily traffic volume, obtaining information about the relevant traffic volume, or calculating indicators for converting traffic volume from short-term measurements to average daily traffic volume. The covid-19 pandemic has contributed to extensive social and economic anomalies worldwide. In addition to the health consequences, the impact on travel behavior on the transport network was also sudden, extensive, and unpredictable. Changes in the transport behavior resulted in different values of traffic volume on the road and street network than before. The article presents road traffic volume analysis in the city before and during the restrictions related to covid-19. Selected traffic characteristics were compared for 2019 and 2020. This analysis made it possible to characterize the daily, weekly and annual variability of traffic volume in 2019 and 2020. Moreover, the article attempts to estimate daily traffic patterns at particular stages of the pandemic. These types of patterns were also constructed for the weeks in 2019 corresponding to these stages of the pandemic. Daily traffic volume distributions in 2020 were compared with the corresponding ones in 2019. The obtained results may be useful in terms of planning operational and strategic activities in the field of traffic management in the city and management in subsequent stages of a pandemic or subsequent pandemics.

scholarly journals A NEW APPROACH TO HIGHWAY LANE DETECTION BY USING HOUGH TRANSFORM TECHNIQUE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Shazwani Aminuddin ◽  
Masrullizam Mat Ibrahim ◽  
Nursabillilah Mohd Ali ◽  
Syafeeza Ahmad Radzi ◽  
Wira Hidayat Mohd Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hough Transform ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Lane Detection ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Video Frame ◽  
Night Time ◽  
The Road ◽  
Main Technique ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Width Measurements

This paper presents the development of a road lane detection algorithm using image processing techniques. This algorithm is developed based on dynamic videos, which are recorded using on-board cameras installed in vehicles for Malaysian highway conditions. The recorded videos are dynamic scenes of the background and the foreground, in which the detection of the objects, presence on the road area such as vehicles and road signs are more challenging caused by interference from background elements such as buildings, trees, road dividers and other related elements or objects. Thus, this algorithm aims to detect the road lanes for three significant parameter operations; vanishing point detection, road width measurements, and Region of Interest (ROI) of the road area, for detection purposes. The techniques used in the algorithm are image enhancement and edges extraction by Sobel filter, and the main technique for lane detection is a Hough Transform. The performance of the algorithm is tested and validated by using three videos of highway scenes in Malaysia with normal weather conditions, raining and a night-time scene, and an additional scene of a sunny rural road area. The video frame rate is 30fps with dimensions of 720p (1280x720) HD pixels. In the final achievement analysis, the test result shows a true positive rate, a TP lane detection  average rate of 0.925 and the capability to be used in the final application implementation.  

scholarly journals PENGARUH KEMACETAN DI SIMPANG SABILILLAH TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI CITRA LALU LINTAS DI SIMPANG PROGRESIF

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Supiyono, Dwi Ratnaningsih, Rudy Ariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Flame Length ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Section ◽  
On The Road ◽  
High Traffic Volume

Progress of a country in line with the progress of traffic (transport). Fluency in traffic is determined by the smoothness of traffic on the road. Problems often arise on the highway is congestion at the intersection. Neither was signalized intersections and signalized intersections. Problems at the intersection is less accuracy green flame at the intersection with the number of vehicles in a segment. A road with high traffic volume vehicle green flame low while other road traffic volume small green flame length. So in a long queue roads, while other roads are deserted while still green flame.     This study aims to minimize the occurrence of conflic at the intersection of green flame. Research will make iterations in the intersection, where a road section which will be nominated densely green flame, the flame of the green according to the volume of traffic on these roads. Each road will be a green flame in accordance with the volume of traffic, without having to change any program there is a change in traffic volume.The degree of saturation of the calculation obtained by ....Keywords: roads, hight traffic, progressive intersection, degree saturation

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Effects of Heavy Vehicles on Roads in Southern and Northern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Osadebe ◽  
H. A. Quadri
Keyword(s):  
Northern Region ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Heavy Vehicle ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Road ◽  
Equivalency Factors ◽  
On The Road

The prevalence of flexible pavement deterioration in the country has been adduced largely by highway researchers to trucks or heavy vehicles carrying much in excess of permitted legal limits. This study investigated levels of deterioration of Abuja-Kaduna-Kano road (Northern region) and Port Harcourt-Enugu road (Southern region) caused by heavy vehicles through a 14 day traffic counts conducted at 5 strategic points each in the Northern and Southern regions. Traffic data generated were analyzed with AASHTO Design Guidelines (1993) to evaluate Equivalent Single Axle Loads (ESALs) and Vehicle Damage effects on the road. The Traffic Volume, Average Daily Traffic (ADT), and Heavy Vehicle per day (HV/day) were estimated to be 2,063,977; 147,427; and 12,246 respectively in the Northern region, while in the Southern region they were estimated to be 750,381; 53,670; and 20,951 respectively. Motorcycles, Passenger cars, Mini-buses/Pick-ups, and Heavy vehicles constitute 18.7%, 49.7%, 23.3% and 8.31% of the total traffic volume respectively in the Northern region while in the South they constitute 4.6%, 30.1%, 26.2% and 39.1% respectively. ESALs were estimated according to AASHTO Design Guidelines in the Northern and Southern regions as 547,730 and 836,208 respectively. An average Load Equivalency Factors (LEFs) of 3.43 and 3.02 were estimated for each heavy vehicle plying the Northern and Southern roads respectively and this could explain some failures (alligator cracks, potholes, depressions, linear or longitudinal cracks along the centre line amongst others) inherent on the road.

scholarly journals Analysis Of The Performance East Circle Road Of Sidoarjo

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ayung Tama ◽  
M. Ikhsan Setiawan ◽  
Sapto Budi Wasono
Keyword(s):  
Service Level ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Steady Current ◽  
Road Performance ◽  
On The Road

Along with the increasing number of the population of Sidoarjo, this has an i mpact on traffic volume, it occurs on the road of Gedangan roads to Buduran, therefore carried out the transfer of road access to the East Ring Road with specialized for heavy vehicles, due to the transfer of the road, it is necessary to perform the analysis of the East circumference road performance. The research aims to determine the magnitude of the influence of heavy vehicle volumes on the road performance of the East Ring road. The performance Of the east circumference traffic by counting the Level Of Service (LOS) and calculating the volume Of the vehicle compared to the road capacity (degree Of saturation). Traffic volume Data surveyed for 2 days (6 and 10 August 2020), for 6 hours per day at 06.00 – 08.00, 12.00 – 14.00, and 16.00 – 18.00. The analysis of road performance is using the Manual road Capacity (MKJI) method with a degree of saturation (DS) as the main indicator of road performance. The results of the analysis showed the performance of the road on the condition of the excitation point 1 the value of saturation of 0.61 and in point 2 of the value of saturation 0.97 and the result of service level of roadway 1 is C (steady current speed and motion-controlled vehicles) and in point 2 is E (current unstable speed sometimes stalled close request of capacity).

scholarly journals An Assessment on the Locational Pattern of Petrol Filling Stations along Lasu-Isheri Road Corridor

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-29
Author(s):  
Esther O. Akinsulire ◽  
Samson O. Fadare
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
On The Road

This study aimed at assessing the location and spatial distribution of petrol filling stations along LASU/Isheri Road, Ojo, Lagos state. The objectives are to map out all the petrol filling stations in along Lasu/Isheri road; to examine the volume of traffic along the road corridor; to determine the contribution of petrol filling stations to the traffic volume on the road, and to ascertain the road traffic challenges that are caused by the petrol filling stations (PFS). Geographical Positioning System (GPS) was employed to collect primary data; also, questionnaires and traffic count sheets were employed. The study found that the PFS along the road corridor is clustered with a Z-score of -7.34 and NNI of 0.440285. Also, the maximum peak hour volume was estimated to be 4198.6 pcu/hr. The PFS along the corridor are seen to contribute significantly to the traffic volume on the corridor. Finally, the dominant traffic challenges along the corridor include traffic gridlock which sometimes results into road traffic crashes which are triggered by the concentration of PFS in the study area, the proximity of PFS to a road intersection, overflow of the queue into the roadway, and to a minimal extent parking of tankers along the roadway and lack of setback. This study suggests strategies that can be adopted for locating PFS to ensure the free flow of traffic along the road corridor where they are located.

scholarly journals Investigation on the road mortality of Anuran species on the Ikorodu-Epe/Ejirin-Ijebu Ode Roads in Lagos and Ogun States, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
A. B Onadeko ◽  
O. S. Ogoanah
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
The Road ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
On The Road

The effect of road kills of anuran species by vehicular traffic on the Ikorodu-Epe/Ejirin-Ijebu Ode road in Lagos and Ogun States was investigated. The mean traffic density on the road during the survey (between 18:30-20:30hr and 06:00 and 07:00hr) was 127±45 vehicles/hr, which ranged between 72 and 216 vehicles/hr. A total of 738 anuran road mortalities among eight species were recorded [661 (89.6%) were identifiable, while 77 (10.4%) were not]. Ptychadena pumilio had the highest mortality of 67±27.1 individuals, while Xenopus muelleri and Aubria subsigillata were the least susceptible to road kills. This respectively represented 2.66±1.5 and 2.66±3 individuals each. Most mortality (256 individuals) occurred on the section of the road bordered by grassland/tertiary vegetation. However there was no significant difference (at P> 0.05) between the anurans killed along the different vegetation structures bordering the road (F2,21 = 0.415). About 473 live anurans belonging to five species were observed of which P. pumilio, the highest constituted the greatest number (81±42.9), while the least Hoplobatrachus occipitalis 7.3±4.2 was recorded. Both species had greater live counts than road kills compared to other anuran species that had greater road kills than live counts recorded. The greatest number of live anurans was recorded at where grassland/tertiaryvegetation occurred. This constituted a total of 198 individuals (41.8%), while the least occurred at the secondary/primaryvegetation which had 95 individuals (20%). However, the difference was not significant (F2,12 = 0.600) at P> 0.05. It is evident that anuran migration is an integral part of their biological activity. However vehicular traffic sadly possesses a negative effect on this activity. Precautionary measures are necessary to reduce population decline and possible extinction of not only the anuran species but also other wildlife species, which is a positive direction in the conservation of biological diversity.  Keywords: Vehicular traffic, anuran, mortality, vegetation, road kill, conservation 

scholarly journals On Street Parking Effect To Performance Of The Imam Bonjol Street In Palu City

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Nita Ayu Lestari ◽  
Rahmatang Rahman ◽  
Anas Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
The Road ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Road Section ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Road Data ◽  
Parking Facilities

Traffic jam caused by a lots of vehicles which parked on the road has always been a problem on urban roads. The lack of parking facilities out of the road and a lot of generation due to public facilities such as bank, restaurants, pharmacies, shops, and health center, will have an impact on traffic jam on the Imam Bonjol road section. This research aim for determine the magnitude effect of parking on street to the road performance of the Imam Bonjol street. The data needed includes, highway geometric, collecting data obtained from the results of the surveys is data on traffic volume, side barriers, parking on the road data and speed data. The parking survey methods using plat number methods and the data was analysed using the MKJI 1997 calculation method. The results of this research indicate that parking on the road is affected the performance of the imam bonjol street. the amount of traffic volume on saturday at 20.00 - 21.00 WITA is 3034 vehicles/hour. Side barriers values obtained is 560.7 friction/hour with high conditions typical is commercial areas, high activities on the road side, so the value of capacity dropped from 4576 smp/hour before parking, to 2533 smp/hour after parking on the road. The value average speed of light vehicle on Saturdays for the west to east is 24,42 km/hour, while the east to west is 23,94 km/hour. In 2018 the DS value is 0.65 with the level of service C. Whereas in 2023 the performance increased to DS = 1,23 with the level of service F.

scholarly journals In-Season Nutrition Strategies and Recovery Modalities to Enhance Recovery for Basketball Players: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon K. Davis ◽  
Sara Y. Oikawa ◽  
Shona Halson ◽  
Jessica Stephens ◽  
Shane O’Riordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Compression Garments ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
The Road ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
On The Road

AbstractBasketball players face multiple challenges to in-season recovery. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on recovery modalities and nutritional strategies for basketball players and practical applications that can be incorporated throughout the season at various levels of competition. Sleep, protein, carbohydrate, and fluids should be the foundational components emphasized throughout the season for home and away games to promote recovery. Travel, whether by air or bus, poses nutritional and sleep challenges, therefore teams should be strategic about packing snacks and fluid options while on the road. Practitioners should also plan for meals at hotels and during air travel for their players. Basketball players should aim for a minimum of 8 h of sleep per night and be encouraged to get extra sleep during congested schedules since back-to back games, high workloads, and travel may negatively influence night-time sleep. Regular sleep monitoring, education, and feedback may aid in optimizing sleep in basketball players. In addition, incorporating consistent training times may be beneficial to reduce bed and wake time variability. Hydrotherapy, compression garments, and massage may also provide an effective recovery modality to incorporate post-competition. Future research, however, is warranted to understand the influence these modalities have on enhancing recovery in basketball players. Overall, a strategic well-rounded approach, encompassing both nutrition and recovery modality strategies, should be carefully considered and implemented with teams to support basketball players’ recovery for training and competition throughout the season.

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