scholarly journals Conspicuously concealed: revision of the arid clade of theGehyra variegata(Gekkonidae) group in Western Australia using an integrative molecular and morphological approach, with the description of five cryptic species

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Kealley ◽  
Paul Doughty ◽  
Mitzy Pepper ◽  
J. Scott Keogh ◽  
Mia Hillyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Extreme North

The methods used to detect and describe morphologically cryptic species have advanced in recent years, owing to the integrative nature of molecular and morphological techniques required to elucidate them. Here we integrate recent phylogenomic work that sequenced many genes but few individuals, with new data from mtDNA and morphology from hundreds of gecko specimens of theGehyra variegatagroup from the Australian arid zone. To better understand morphological and geographical boundaries among cryptic forms, we generated new sequences from 656Gehyraindividuals, largely assigned toG. variegatagroup members over a wide area in Western Australia, with especially dense sampling in the Pilbara region, and combined them with 566Gehyrasequences from GenBank, resulting in a dataset of 1,222 specimens. Results indicated the existence of several cryptic species, from new species with diagnostic morphological characters, to cases when there were no useful characters to discriminate among genetically distinctive species. In addition, the cryptic species often showed counter-intuitive distributions, including broad sympatry among some forms and short range endemism in other cases. Two new species were on long branches in the phylogram and restricted to the northern Pilbara region: most records of the moderately sizedG. incognitasp. nov. are near the coast with isolated inland records, whereas the small-bodied saxicolineG. unguiculatasp. nov. is only known from a small area in the extreme north of the Pilbara. Three new species were on shorter branches in the phylogram and allied toG. montium. The moderately sizedG. cryptasp. nov. occurs in the western and southern Pilbara and extends south through the Murchison region; this species was distinctive genetically, but with wide overlap of characters with its sister species,G. montium. Accordingly, we provide a table of diagnostic nucleotides for this species as well as for all other species treated here. Two small-bodied species occur in isolated coastal regions:G. capensissp. nov. is restricted to the North West Cape andG. ocellatasp. nov. occurs on Barrow Island and other neighbouring islands. The latter species showed evidence of introgression with the mtDNA ofG. cryptasp. nov., possibly due to recent connectivity with the mainland owing to fluctuating sea levels. However,G. ocellatasp. nov. was more closely related toG. capensissp. nov. in the phylogenomic data and in morphology. Our study illustrates the benefits of combining phylogenomic data with extensive screens of mtDNA to identify large numbers of individuals to the correct cryptic species. This approach was able to provide sufficient samples with which to assess morphological variation. Furthermore, determination of geographic distributions of the new cryptic species should greatly assist with identification in the field, demonstrating the utility of sampling large numbers of specimens across wide areas.

Further notes on Triodia R.Br. (Gramineae) with description of five new species and one variety

1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
NT Burbidge
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Type Material ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Central Australia

Since a revision of Triodia R.Br. was published some years ago (Burbidge 1953) several new species have been collected and facts concerning the distribution of others have been accumulated. Two new species and one variety are described here from plants obtained in central Australia. Two new species from the North West Division and one from bhe Kimberley Division of Western Australia are also described. The opportunity is taken to discuss the circumscription of a few species and the distribution of others formerly known only from type material.

Euphorbia akmanii (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
İLKER GENÇ ◽  
ŞÜKRAN KÜLTÜR
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Part ◽  
Second Year ◽  
A New Species

Euphorbia akmanii, a new species of Euphorbiaceae (sect. Patellares) from Turkey (Osmaniye) is described on the basis of morphological characters. The species was found in the north-west part of the Amanus Mountains growing in open deciduous forests. It can be distinguished from E. erubescens by its longer stems, pubescent leaves and fruits, unicellular hairs, petiolate-subsessile second year cauline leaves and laciniate cyathial gland appendages. Diagnostic characters, a full description, and detailed illustrations are presented. These diagnostic characters and other observations concerning the new species are presented and compared with those from species of the sect. Patellares occurring in Turkey. The new species is the only one in sect. Patellares having laciniate gland appendages and unicellular hairs. Micromorphological structures of fruit and seed surfaces of E. akmanii and E. erubescens were examined by SEM. The geographical distribution of species of sect. Patellares in Turkey is mapped. An IUCN redlist category is proposed, and observations on the habitat are provided.

scholarly journals Two new species of Gehyra (Squamata: Gekkonidae) geckos from the north-west Kimberley region of Western Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Doughty ◽  
Russell Palmer ◽  
Mark J. Sistrom ◽  
Aaron M. Bauer ◽  
Stephen C. Donnellan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Two New Species

Siphonoecetini Just, 1983 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Ischyroceridae) 13: Western Australian species of Bubocorophiina in Rhinoecetes, Cephaloecetes, Sinoecetes, Borneoecetes and Pararhinoecetes gen. nov.

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4554 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
JEAN JUST
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
First Record ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Southeast Coast ◽  
Western Australian

The Western Australia fauna of Bubocorophiina (Siphonoecetini) from the Albany area in the south to Port Hedland in the north-west, a coastal stretch of about 2000 km, is reported. One new genus and 11 new species are described: Rhinoecetes sinuduopopulus sp. nov., R. rockinghamia sp. nov., R. makritrichoma sp. nov., R. lowryi sp. nov., R. caetus sp. nov., R. karkharius sp. nov., R. wamus sp. nov., R. setosus sp. nov., Borneoecetes minimus sp. nov. (first record of Borneoecetes Barnard & Thomas, 1984 from Australia); Sinoecetes reni sp. nov. (first record of Sinoecetes Ren, 2012 from Australia), and Pararhinoecetes bicornis gen. et sp. nov. In addition, Cephaloecetes enigmaticus, previously described from the southeast coast of Australia, is recorded in the Albany area. A key to Western Australian Bubocorophiina is presented, and the distribution around Australian of the genera in the subtribe is commented upon. 

Species delimitation integrative approach reveals three new species in the Nemertopsis bivittata complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecili B. Mendes ◽  
Jon L. Norenburg ◽  
Sónia C. S. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Genomic Markers ◽  
Three New Species

The presence of cryptic species is fairly frequent in many invertebrate groups and even more so among invertebrates with simple morphology, such as nemerteans. Consequently, the use of molecular methods for species delimitation has become a needed tool to complement morphological analyses to better recognise such species. Nemertopsis bivittata is one example of species with subtle morphological variation, but ample geographic distribution, being a good candidate for a species complex study. Here we applied two mitochondrial genes, and 2903 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants in addition to morphological characters to investigate the presence of cryptic species among specimens previously identified as N. bivittata along the Brazilian Coast. To do so, specimens were collected at 15 different sites in the north-east, south-east and southern regions. Three new species of Nemertopsis are described based on morphological and molecular analyses: Nemertopsis caete sp. nov., Nemertopsis pamelaroeae sp. nov. and Nemertopsis berthalutzae sp. nov. The species N. pamelaroeae and N. berthalutzae present broad distributions from north-east to south-east; N. caete, however, is restricted to the north-east coast. This is the first study to use this combined approach in nemerteans and shows the advantages of integrating genomic markers with classical taxonomy, and applying objective approaches to delimiting species as independently evolving entities.

scholarly journals On the diagnostic characters of the genus Stygonitocrella (Copepoda, Harpacticoida), with descriptions of seven new species from Australian subterranean waters

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2324 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOMISLAV KARANOVIC ◽  
PETER HANCOCK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
The United States ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Eastern Australia

Seven new freshwater ameirids were discovered in the Australian subterranean habitats, six of which would fit into the present unsatisfactory diagnosis of the genus Stygonitocrella Reid, Hunt & Stanley, 2003. Two of them were discovered in Pioneer Valley, Queensland, representing the first record of this genus in eastern Australia. Four other species were collected from the Pilbara region in Western Australia, the same region in Australia where the first three representatives of this genus were reported. An additional new species was collected in the Kimberley region in Western Australia and could not be assigned to the revised genus Stygonitocrella, but has some remarkable similarities with species that were in the past considered to be members of this genus. In order to assess the most natural allocation of these ameirid taxa, a revision of the genus Stygonitocrella was made, based on a cladistic approach by using 57 phylogenetically informative morphological characters. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of six monophyletic groups, giving ground for the establishment of six new genera, three of them created to accommodate a single new Australian species: Kimberleynitocrella billhumphreysi gen. et sp. nov. from several bores in the Argyle Diamond Mine and Ord River in the Kimberley region in Western Australia, Gordanitocrella trajani gen. et sp. nov. from three different localities in the Pilbara region in Western Australia, and Lucionitocrella yalleenensis gen. et sp. nov. from a single bore on the Yalleen Station, also in the Pilbara region in Western Australia. All three new Australian genera have a basal position on the phylogenetic tree, because they share several plesiomorphic characters; nevertheless they are well defined by the combination of apomorphic and plesiomorphic features. The generic diagnosis of Stygonitocrella is emended and the genus redefined to include only four species: S. montana (Noodt, 1965) from Argentina (the type species), S. dubia (Chappuis, 1937) and S. guadalfensis Rouch, 1985 from Spain and S. sequoyahi Reid, Hunt & Stanley, 2003 from the United States. The Cuban S. orghidani (Petkovski, 1973) was left as incertae sedis in this genus. The subgenus Fiersiella Huys, 2009 is established as a junior subjective synonym of Stygonitocrella. Generic diagnoses are emended for the monospecific Australian genus Inermipes Lee & Huys, 2002, the monospecific Japanese genus Neonitocrella Lee & Huys, 2002 and the North American genus Psammonitocrella Huys, 2009, that contains two species. The genus Reidnitocrella gen. nov. is erected to accommodate three closely related central Asian species: R. tianschanica (Borutzky, 1972) comb. nov., R. pseudotianschanica (Sterba, 1973) comb. nov., and R. djirgalanica (Borutzky, 1978) comb. nov. Also, after carefully examining the available published information on R. tianschanica another new species is recognized in this genus: R. borutzkyi sp. nov. The genus Eduardonitocrella gen. nov. is erected for the Mexican E. mexicana (Suárez-Morales & Iliffe, 2005) comb. nov. The newly established genus Megastygonitocrella gen. nov. is the largest one in this group of freshwater ameirids, containing the following 11 species: M. trispinosa (Karanovic, 2006) comb. nov. (type species), M. bispinosa (Karanovic, 2006) comb. nov., M. unispinosa (Karanovic, 2006) comb. nov., M. ecowisei sp. nov., M. dec sp. nov., M. pagusregalis sp. nov., M. kryptos sp. nov., M. karamani (Petkovski, 1959) comb. nov., M. petkovskii (Pesce, 1985) comb. nov., M. ljovuschkini (Borutzky, 1967) comb. nov. and M. colchica (Borutzky & Michailova-Neikova, 1970) comb. nov. The first five species are endemic to the Pilbara region in Western Australia, the next two are described from Queensland, M. karamani is known from Slovenia, M. petkovskii from Greece, while the last two species are endemic to the Caucasus. A Tethyan origin for this genus is here hypothesized. New locality data is presented for the first three species, which revealed that M. trispinosa is the most common and widely distributed member of this group (although restricted to a single Australian region), while M. bispinosa and M. unispinosa are short range endemics. A key to species is provided for each polytypic genus, as well as a key to genera of Stygonitocrella s. l.

Lizards in pinstripes: morphological and genomic evidence for two new species of scincid lizards within Ctenotus piankai Storr and C. duricola Storr (Reptilia: Scincidae) in the Australian arid zone

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4303 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL L. RABOSKY ◽  
PAUL DOUGHTY ◽  
HUATENG HUANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
North West ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

The scincid lizard genus Ctenotus is one of the most species-rich genera of squamate reptiles, but few molecular phylogenetic studies have been undertaken on the group. Here we assess molecular and morphological variation within C. piankai and C. duricola, an arid-adapted pair of nominate species characterized by a pattern of thin pale longitudinal lines on a dark background that occur primarily in the western deserts and Pilbara region of Australia. We sequenced mitochondrial DNA and genome-wide restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) from geographically widespread samples of these lizard taxa, with particularly dense sampling from the Pilbara region. Phylogenetic analyses of the mitochondrial cytochrome B gene and approximately 5,000 nuclear loci identified four highly divergent lineages within the two taxa. The four genetically-defined populations were concordant with geography and are distinguishable based on multiple morphological and color pattern characters, despite appearing superficially similar in appearance. Despite limited mtDNA exchange between two lineages in the Pilbara, we found no evidence for ongoing gene flow across the nuclear genome. For the western desert lineages, there was no evidence of introgression for either mtDNA or nDNA in our data. To resolve the taxonomy of the group, we redescribe C. piankai and C. duricola, and recognize the two divergent lineages as new species: C. rhabdotus sp. nov., from the south-eastern Kimberley, Ord, Victoria River and northern Tanami Desert regions of Western Australia and the Northern Territory, and C. pallasotus sp. nov., from the western Pilbara and North West Cape regions of Western Australia. 

2. On a New Species of Manna, from New South Wales.

1851 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 239-240
Author(s):  
Thomas Anderson
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Chemical Constitution ◽  
A New Species

About thirty years ago a species of manna, obtained from the Eucalyptus Mannifera, was brought from New South Wales, and was examined by Dr Thomas Thomson, and afterwards by Professor Johnston, both of whom ascertained it to contain a new species of sugar, different from the mannite which exists in ordinary manna. The author had, through the kindness of Mr Sheriff Cay, an opportunity of examining a very different species of manna, remarkable both from its chemical constitution, and from its possessing a definitely organised structure. This substance was discovered by Mr Robert Cay in 1844, in the interior of Australia Felix, to the north and north-west of Melbourne, where it occurs at certain seasons on the leaves of the Mallee plant, Eucalyptus Dumosa, and is known to the natives by the name of Lerp.

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