scholarly journals Melatonin significantly influences seed germination and seedling growth of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Simlat ◽  
Agata Ptak ◽  
Edyta Skrzypek ◽  
Marzena Warchoł ◽  
Emilia Morańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Vegetative And Reproductive Growth ◽  
Improve Seed Germination

Background Melatonin (MEL) is a signaling molecule in plants that affects developmental processes during vegetative and reproductive growth. Investigations have proved that exogenously applied MEL also has the potential to improve seed germination and plant development. Methods In the present study, seeds of stevia, a species with a very low germination rate, were germinated on an agar gel (AG) containing MEL at various concentrations (5, 20, 100, and 500 µM) in light. Seeds germinated on AG without MEL were used as controls. For the first 24 or 48 h of germination, the seeds were maintained in darkness as a pre-incubation step. Some seeds were not exposed to this pre-incubation step. Results At concentrations of 20 and 5 µM, MEL significantly improved germination, but only in seeds pre-incubated in darkness for 24 h (p < 0.001). At concentrations of 100 and 500 µM, MEL had an inhibitory effect on germination, regardless of the pre-incubation time. Melatonin also affected plantlet properties. At a concentration of 20 µM, MEL increased plantlet fresh weight and leaf numbers. At a concentration of 5 µM, it promoted plantlet height. Regarding root development, the most favorable MEL concentration was 500 µM. Biochemical analysis revealed that MEL promoted higher pigment concentrations but hampered superoxide dismutase activity. On the other hand, the concentrations of sugars and phenolics, as well as the activities of catalase and peroxidase, increased at a MEL concentration of 500 µM. Discussion The results suggest that MEL can improve germination of positively photoblastic stevia seeds and that it can play a role in plantlet development. However, the effects observed in the present study depended on the quantity of MEL that was applied.

The Effect of High Concentrations of Ethylene on Seed Germination of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco)

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carey Borno ◽  
Iain E. P. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
High Concentrations

Stratified, imbibed Douglas fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seeds were exposed to 100% ethylene for times between 0 and 366 h. Germination rate and germination percentage were increased by treatments up to 48 h. The 12-h treatment gave largest stimulation; 30% enhancement of final germination percentage over control. Treatment for 96 h caused increased germination rate for the first 5 days but reduced the germination percentage. Germinants were subject to continuous exposure to atmospheres containing 0.1 – 200 000 ppm ethylene in air, but it did not stimulate growth, and the gas was inhibitory above 100 ppm. Although some effects of high concentrations of ethylene may have been due to the lowering of oxygen supplies, this alone was insufficient to account for the full inhibitory effect. The mechanism of stimulation by short-term exposure to ethylene is discussed.

scholarly journals The efficacy of different seed priming agents for promoting sorghum germination under salt stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245505
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Chen ◽  
Ruidong Zhang ◽  
Yifan Xing ◽  
Bing Jiang ◽  
Bang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Positive Effects

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] seed germination is sensitive to salinity, and seed priming is an effective method for alleviating the negative effects of salt stress on seed germination. However, few studies have compared the effects of different priming agents on sorghum germination under salt stress. In this study, we quantified the effects of priming with distilled water (HP), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on sorghum seed germination under 150 mM NaCl stress. The germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight were significantly reduced by salt stress. Different priming treatments alleviated the germination inhibition caused by salt stress to varying degrees, and 50 mM CaCl2 was the most effective treatment. In addition, the mitigation effect of priming was stronger on root traits than on shoot traits. Mitigation efficacy was closely related to both the type of agent and the concentration of the solution. Principal component analysis showed that all concentrations of CaCl2 had higher scores and were clearly distinguished from other treatments based on their positive effects on all germination traits. The effects of the other agents varied with concentration. The priming treatments were divided into three categories based on their priming efficacy, and the 50, 100, and 150 mM CaCl2 treatments were placed in the first category. The 150 mM KCl, 10% PEG, HP, 150 mM NaCl, 30% PEG, and 50 mM KCl treatments were placed in the second category, and the 100 mM NaCl, 100 mM KCl, 20% PEG, and 50 mM NaCl treatments were least effective and were placed in the third category. Choosing appropriate priming agents and methods for future research and applications can ensure that crop seeds germinate healthily under saline conditions.

Allelopathy and Preliminary Separation of Allelopathic Substance in the Extracts of Wheat Seed Germination

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 565-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wen Bai ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Bo Tao ◽  
Chun Hong Teng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Chloroform Phase ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Allelopathic Substance

One variety of durum wheat (Triticum durum L.), ‘Longfu 30’, was choosen to study the allelopathic effects of seed germination extracts on other plants. The allelopathic effects of different polarity extracts were measured in terms of germination rate and germination speed on a test cucumber variety ‘Jinyou No.2’ (Cucumis sativus L.), and the allelopathic substance in chloroform extract was preliminarily separated with HSCCC and determined by GC-MS. The results showed that the allelopathy of wheat seed germination extracts varied with the polarity of solvent, and the substance in chloroform phase was the most active and showed a significantly inhibitory effect on seed germination of cucumber by 80.7% under Petri dish culture. The major allelopathic substance in wheat seed germination extracts were phenol, amine, piperazine, alcohols, esters and ketones.

scholarly journals Rate and Synchrony of Seed Germination Influence Growth of Hydroponic Lettuce

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Ahmet Korkmaz ◽  
Wallace G. Pill ◽  
Bruce B. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Fresh Weight ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The effect of seed germination rate, or of seedling emergence rate, was studied in relation to subsequent plant growth of `Cortina' lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Seedling growth response to selection by time of germination was assessed by imbibing seeds at 5 °C to increase the time range for germination. Germinated seeds were removed daily and transferred to “slants” (germination paper held at 20° from vertical) at 15 °C. Five days after each transfer, root and hypocotyl lengths were measured. As days required for germination increased, root lengths decreased and hypocotyl lengths increased, resulting in no change in total seedling length. The relation between rate of seedling emergence from raw or pelleted seeds of the same lot and shoot fresh weight was examined using commercially practiced hydroponic techniques. Shoot fresh weight at 10 and 21 days after planting was related inversely and linearly to the day of emergence for both seed treatments. In the same study, the coefficient of variation of shoot fresh weight was positively related to time of seedling emergence only at 10 days. Germinated seeds were selected after 1 and 2 days of imbibition; subsequent seedling emergence rate and shoot fresh weight at 25 days were recorded. First-day germinated seeds had faster and more synchronous emergence, and produced heavier and more uniform shoots. Discarding slow-to-germinate seeds should enhance seedling emergence and growth.

scholarly journals The Effects of Salinity on Hibiscus syriacus and H. hamabo Seed Germination

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 899C-899
Author(s):  
Moo R. Huh ◽  
Beyoung H. Kwack ◽  
Leonard P. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Hibiscus Syriacus

In this experiment, the effects of salinity from 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 5.0 % NaCl on Hibiscus syriacus L. and Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. & Zucc. seed germination with various temperature and Ca treatments was investigated in petri dishes with 10 ml of distilled water or with the appropriate saline solution. At 11 days after treatment, the highest germination rate was obtained at 20C with H. syriacus and 25C with H. hamabo without NaCl and Ca treatments. At 25C, only H. hamabo seeds germinated with 1% NaCl, with dry and fresh weight increasing as Ca concentration increased. With 0.5% NaCl treatment, the germination rate of H. hamabo and H. syriacus increased as Ca concentrations (0.0, 13.35, and 133.5 mM) increased. Without NaCl treatments, hypocotyl and leaf length and width of H. syriacus were longer than those of H. hamabo; with NaCl treatments, the inverse was true.

The effect of light quality on seed germination, seedling growth and selected biochemical properties of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

2016 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Simlat ◽  
Patrycja Ślęzak ◽  
Maria Moś ◽  
Marzena Warchoł ◽  
Edyta Skrzypek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Effect Of Light

scholarly journals Effects of Osmotic Stress Induced by Polyethylene Glycol (Peg) 6000 and Mannitol on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Durum Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Ratiba Bousba ◽  
Rabah Bounar ◽  
Narimene Sedrati ◽  
Randa Lekhal ◽  
Chourouk Hamla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Wheat Genotype ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Germination Parameters

Seed germination is generally the critical step in seed establishment and thus the determination of successful crop production. This study was focused at examination of the biochemical and germination parameters effected by low water potential which was generated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and mannitol, related to drought stress and growth of Waha durum wheat genotype. Two tests were carried out in a growth chamber; the first comprises seed germination into Petri dishes in the presence of different concentrations of the two osmoticums (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 % of PEG6000 and mannitol). The second test was carried out in nutrient solution BD medium. Our results shows that Both PEG -6000 and mannitol reduced germination. Therefore, a rapid increase was observed in the rate of germination both for the control plants and the plants subjected to a concentration of 5 g/L and 10 g/L and changes in proportion to the time. For the concentration of 15 g/L and 20 g/L, this phase is very short, which explains the reduced germination rate due to the inhibitory effect of the two osmoticums on germination. In this study, PEG-6000 treatments resulted in an increase of some proteins and a decrease of others. Waha displayed 12 bands for control plants, 40 bands for PEG-6000 stressed plants (all treatments) and 35 bands for mannitol treatments.

scholarly journals Seed Enhancements to Improve Spinach Germination

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 979-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie S. Katzman ◽  
Alan G. Taylor ◽  
Robert W. Langhans
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Germination Temperature ◽  
Improve Seed Germination

Rapid, synchronized, and high percentage of germination is required for commercial spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) production using hydroponic techniques. Seed treatments examined to improve seed germination were: 1) decoating; 2) leaching in water; and 3) soaking seeds for 4 hours in 0.5% NaOCl, leaching for 15 hours in water, and sowing in 0.3% H2O2 (this treatment will be referred to as NaOCl/H2O2). Germination studies were conducted on four cultivars at a constant 18 °C (optimal) or 30 °C (inhibitory). At 18 °C, germination rate (T50) was maximized by both hydration treatments, but uniformity of germination (Tsd) was greatest for decoated seeds; final germination was ≥89% for all treatments. At 30 °C, decoating resulted in greatest uniformity of germination. The NaOCl/H2O2 treatment resulted in highest germination (94%) at the high temperature, whereas decoating was least effective (69%). Reduced germination of decoated seeds was attributed to atypical germinants. Cultivars differed in response to the treatments at both temperatures. Component analysis of the NaOCl/H2O2 treatment was studied with two slow-to-germinate cultivars. Treatment with H2O2, with or without NaOCl, improved the rate, uniformity, and percentage of germination of seeds of both cultivars, but NaOCl alone did not. Pericarp removal or pericarp removal plus NaOCl/H2O2 treatments reduced variability in germination time and enhanced speed of germination at 30 °C, but decoating produced a higher percentage of atypical seedlings than did other treatments. Therefore, the NaOCl/H2O2 treatment is recommended for growers who are unable to maintain cool germination temperatures and/or cannot afford the costs associated with cooling. If growers can maintain a germination temperature of ≈18 °C, decoated seeds are preferable, based on the high uniformity of germination.

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