scholarly journals Motor experience with a sport-specific implement affects motor imagery

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanlan Zhang ◽  
Yanling Pi ◽  
Hua Zhu ◽  
Cheng Shen ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Motor Representation ◽  
Motor Experience ◽  
Temporal Congruence ◽  
Kinesthetic Imagery

The present study tested whether sport-specific implements facilitate motor imagery, whereas nonspecific implements disrupt motor imagery. We asked a group of basketball players (experts) and a group of healthy controls (novices) to physically perform (motor execution) and mentally simulate (motor imagery) basketball throws. Subjects produced motor imagery when they were holding a basketball, a volleyball, or nothing. Motor imagery performance was measured by temporal congruence, which is the correspondence between imagery and execution times estimated as (imagery time minus execution time) divided by (imagery time plus execution time), as well as the vividness of motor imagery. Results showed that experts produced greater temporal congruence and vividness of kinesthetic imagery while holding a basketball compared to when they were holding nothing, suggesting a facilitation effect from sport-specific implements. In contrast, experts produced lower temporal congruence and vividness of kinesthetic imagery while holding a volleyball compared to when they were holding nothing, suggesting the interference effect of nonspecific implements. Furthermore, we found a negative correlation between temporal congruence and the vividness of kinesthetic imagery in experts while holding a basketball. On the contrary, the implement manipulation did not modulate the temporal congruence of novices. Our findings suggest that motor representation in experts is built on motor experience associated with specific-implement use and thus was subjected to modulation of the implement held. We conclude that sport-specific implements facilitate motor imagery, whereas nonspecific implements could disrupt motor representation in experts.

scholarly journals Source Detection and Functional Connectivity of the Sensorimotor Cortex during Actual and Imaginary Limb Movement: A Preliminary Study on the Implementation of eConnectome in Motor Imagery Protocols

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alkinoos Athanasiou ◽  
Chrysa Lithari ◽  
Konstantina Kalogianni ◽  
Manousos A. Klados ◽  
Panagiotis D. Bamidis
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Mu Rhythm ◽  
Source Detection ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Real Hand

Introduction. Sensorimotor cortex is activated similarly during motor execution and motor imagery. The study of functional connectivity networks (FCNs) aims at successfully modeling the dynamics of information flow between cortical areas.Materials and Methods. Seven healthy subjects performed 4 motor tasks (real foot, imaginary foot, real hand, and imaginary hand movements), while electroencephalography was recorded over the sensorimotor cortex. Event-Related Desynchronization/Synchronization (ERD/ERS) of the mu-rhythm was used to evaluate MI performance. Source detection and FCNs were studied with eConnectome.Results and Discussion. Four subjects produced similar ERD/ERS patterns between motor execution and imagery during both hand and foot tasks, 2 subjects only during hand tasks, and 1 subject only during foot tasks. All subjects showed the expected brain activation in well-performed MI tasks, facilitating cortical source estimation. Preliminary functional connectivity analysis shows formation of networks on the sensorimotor cortex during motor imagery and execution.Conclusions. Cortex activation maps depict sensorimotor cortex activation, while similar functional connectivity networks are formed in the sensorimotor cortex both during actual and imaginary movements. eConnectome is demonstrated as an effective tool for the study of cortex activation and FCN. The implementation of FCN in motor imagery could induce promising advancements in Brain Computer Interfaces.

scholarly journals Corrigendum: Aging Changes Effective Connectivity of Motor Networks During Motor Execution and Motor Imagery

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Jingna Zhang ◽  
Linqiong Sang ◽  
Pengyue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
Motor Execution

scholarly journals Decomposing Decision Components in the Stop-signal Task: A Model-based Approach to Individual Differences in Inhibitory Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1601-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey N. White ◽  
Eliza Congdon ◽  
Jeanette A. Mumford ◽  
Katherine H. Karlsgodt ◽  
Fred W. Sabb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Stimulus Processing ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Right

The stop-signal task, in which participants must inhibit prepotent responses, has been used to identify neural systems that vary with individual differences in inhibitory control. To explore how these differences relate to other aspects of decision making, a drift-diffusion model of simple decisions was fitted to stop-signal task data from go trials to extract measures of caution, motor execution time, and stimulus processing speed for each of 123 participants. These values were used to probe fMRI data to explore individual differences in neural activation. Faster processing of the go stimulus correlated with greater activation in the right frontal pole for both go and stop trials. On stop trials, stimulus processing speed also correlated with regions implicated in inhibitory control, including the right inferior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, and BG. Individual differences in motor execution time correlated with activation of the right parietal cortex. These findings suggest a robust relationship between the speed of stimulus processing and inhibitory processing at the neural level. This model-based approach provides novel insight into the interrelationships among decision components involved in inhibitory control and raises interesting questions about strategic adjustments in performance and inhibitory deficits associated with psychopathology.

The Role of Vision and Auditory Distraction on the Temporal Congruence Between Physical Execution and Motor Imagery

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Hohmann ◽  
Martin Exner ◽  
Nadja Schott
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Auditory Distraction ◽  
Temporal Congruence

AbstractThe study investigated the effect of vision and auditory distraction on the quality of motor imagery (MI). Sixty participants (

scholarly journals Planning Dysfunction in Non-Psychotic Unipolar Depressed Patients: Assessement by a Computerized Version of the Tower of London Task

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Moniz ◽  
Saul Neves De Jesus ◽  
João Viseu ◽  
Eduardo Gonçalves ◽  
Andreia Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Tower Of London ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Shared Variance

<p>Introduction: Alterations in executive functioning are frequent in depressed patients, being common the appearance of planning difficulties.</p><p>Method: This study aimed to compare the performance of a sample of 40 non-psychotic unipolar depressed patients (26 women and 14 men, with a mean age of 44.15 years old [<em>SD</em> = 13.82]) with 40 healthy controls (24 women and 16 men, with a mean age of 42.05 years old [<em>SD</em> = 15.19]) using a computerized version of the Tower of London (TOL) task.</p><p>Results: Significant differences regarding extra moves and execution time between groups were found, with healthy controls outperforming depressed patients, who took significantly longer to complete the task. The variable age influenced clearly the results, showing a shared variance of 55% for both groups.</p><p>Conclusions: The results allowed us to identify differences in performance between both groups, therefore this version of the TOL revealed itself as a reliable alternative to assess planning, accessible to all clinicians.</p>

scholarly journals Disentangling motor execution from motor imagery with the phantom limb

Brain ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Raffin ◽  
Jérémie Mattout ◽  
Karen T. Reilly ◽  
Pascal Giraux
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Motor Execution
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