scholarly journals Inulin-type fructan improves diabetic phenotype and gut microbiota profiles in rats

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Hongyue Yu ◽  
Xinhua Xiao ◽  
Ling Hu ◽  
Fengjiao Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Glucose Response

Background & AimsAccumulating research has addressed the linkage between the changes to gut microbiota structure and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Inulin is one type of soluble dietary fiber that can alleviate T2D. As a prebiotic, inulin cannot be digested by humans, but rather is digested by probiotics. However, whether inulin treatment can benefit the entire gut bacteria community remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the differences in gut microbiota composition among diabetic, inulin-treated diabetic, normal control, and inulin-treated normal control rats.MethodsA diabetic rat model was generated by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injections (HF/STZ). Inulin was orally administered to normal and diabetic rats. To determine the composition of the gut microbiota, fecal DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene 454 pyrosequencing were performed.ResultsWe found that inulin treatment reduced fasting blood glucose levels and alleviated glucose intolerance and blood lipid panels in diabetic rats. Additionally, inulin treatment increased the serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level, reduced serum IL-6 level,Il6expression in epididymal adipose tissue, andPepck,G6pcexpression in liver of diabetic rats. Pyrophosphate sequencing of the 16s V3–V4 region demonstrated an elevated proportion ofFirmicutesand a reduced abundance ofBacteroidetesat the phylogenetic level in diabetic rats compared to normal control rats. The characteristics of the gut microbiota in control and inulin-treated rats were similar. Inulin treatment can normalize the composition of the gut microbiota in diabetic rats. At the family and genus levels, probiotic bacteriaLactobacillusand short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteriaLachnospiraceae,Phascolarctobacterium, andBacteroideswere found to be significantly more abundant in the inulin-treated diabetic group than in the non-treated diabetic group. In addition, inulin-treated rats had a lower abundance ofDesulfovibrio, which produce lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The abundance ofLachnospiraceaewas negatively correlated with the blood glucose response after a glucose load.ConclusionIn summary, diabetic rats have different gut microbiota from control rats. Inulin treatment can alleviate gut microbiota dysbiosis in T2D model rats. Moreover, inulin treatment enhanced serum GLP-1 level to suppress IL-6 secretion and production and hepatic gluconeogenesis, resulted in moderation of insulin tolerance.

Anti-diabetic activity of diphenhydramine in diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5067-5070
Author(s):  
Pang Jyh Chayng ◽  
Nurul Ain ◽  
Kaswandi Md Ambia ◽  
Rahim Md Noah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I

The purpose of this project is to study the anti-diabetic effect of on a diabetic rat model. A total of Twenty male Sprague rats were used and it randomly distributed into four groups which are Group I: , Group II: negative control, Group III: and Group IV: and . In diabetic model were induced with via injection at the dosage of 65mg/kg. and FBG (Fasting Blood Glucose) level of diabetic rats were assessed every three days. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture at day 21 after the induction of treatment. Insulin level of the rats was assessed with the Mercodia Rat Insulin ELISA kit. FBG level of group I (12.16 ±3.96, p<0.05) and group IV (11.34 ±3.67, p<0.05) were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the for all rats did not show any significant increase. However, the insulin level was escalated in group IV (0.74+0.25, p<0.05) significantly. The present study shows that the and the combination of and lowered blood glucose level and enhanced insulin secretion.

scholarly journals An anxiolytic drug buspirone ameliorates hyperglycemia and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rat model

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-404
Author(s):  
Tugba Gurpinar Çavuşoğlu ◽  
Ertan Darıverenli ◽  
Kamil Vural ◽  
Nuran Ekerbicer ◽  
Cevval Ulman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

AbstractObjectivesType 2 diabetes is a common metabolic disease and anxiety disorders are very common among diabetics. Buspirone is used in the treatment of anxiety, also having blood glucose-lowering effects. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of buspirone on the glucose and lipid metabolism as well as vascular function in type 2 diabetic rats.MethodsA type 2-diabetic model was induced through a high-fat diet for eight weeks followed by the administration of low-dose streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) in rats. Buspirone was given at two different doses (1.5 mg/kg/d and 5 mg/kg/d) and combined with metformin (300 mg/kg/d). The fasting glucose and insulin levels, lipid profile were analyzed, and vascular response measured from the thoracic aorta was also evaluated.ResultsBoth doses of buspirone caused a significant improvement in fasting blood glucose levels. In particular, the buspirone treatment, combined with metformin, improved endothelial dysfunction and was found to be correlated with decreased nitrate/nitrite levels.ConclusionsBuspirone may be effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, either alone or in combination with other treatments, particularly in terms of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and impaired blood glucose, and insulin levels.

scholarly journals Effect of Taro Starch, Beet Juice, Probiotic, and/or Psicose on Gut Microbiota in a Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ingrid S. Surono ◽  
Ata Aditya Wardana ◽  
Priyo Waspodo ◽  
Budi Saksono ◽  
Koen Venema
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Native Starch

Background and Objectives. The gut microbiota has been shown to be involved in the development and severity of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to test the effect of potential functional food ingredients, alone or in combination, on the gut microbiota composition in diabetic rats in a pilot study of 1 week of feeding. Methods. In a pilot study to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, (i) native taro starch, (ii) modified taro starch, (iii) beet juice, (iv) psicose, (v) the probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506, (vi) native starch combined with beet juice, (vii) native starch to which beet juice was adsorbed, (viii) modified starch combined with beet juice, and (ix) modified starch to which beet juice was adsorbed were fed to rats in which T2D was induced with streptozotocin (STZ). After one week, the composition of the gut microbiota was evaluated by sequencing the PCR-amplified V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Results and Conclusions. The next-generation sequencing showed that 13 microbial taxa of the gut microbiota were significantly different between groups, depending on the treatment. The results of this pilot study will be used to design a 4-week intervention study in STZ-induced T2D rats to determine the best functional food for counteracting T2D, including their effects on satiety hormones. This should ultimately lead to the development of functional foods for prediabetic and diabetic individuals.

scholarly journals Effect of heat-killed Streptococcus thermophilus on type 2 diabetes rats

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyang Gao ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Qiang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Zdf Rats

Background and Aims The link between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been addressed by numerous studies. Streptococcus thermophilus from fermented milk products, has been used as a probiotic in previous research. However, whether heat-killed S. thermophilus can improve the glycemic parameters of diabetic rats remains unanswered. In this study, we evaluated the effect of heat-killed S. thermophilus on T2D model rats and the potential mechanisms of the effect. Methods Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were used to generate a diabetic rat model induced by feeding a high-fat diet. Heat-killed S. thermophilus were orally administered to normal and diabetic rats for 12 weeks. Intestinal microbiota analysis, histology analysis, oral glucose tolerance test and measurement of inflammatory factors were performed. Results We found that heat-killed S. thermophilus treatment reduced fasting blood glucose levels and alleviated glucose intolerance and total cholesterol in diabetic ZDF rats. Additionally, heat-killed S. thermophilus increased the interleukin 10 while reducing the levels of lipopolysaccharide, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in diabetic ZDF rats. The heat-killed S. thermophilus treatment can normalize the structure of the intestinal and colon mucosal layer of diabetic rats. The characteristics of the gut microbiota in heat-killed S. thermophilus-treated and control rats were similar. At the genus level, the abundances of beneficial bacteria, including Ruminococcaceae, Veillonella, Coprococcus, and Bamesiella, were all significantly elevated by heat-killed S. thermophilus treatment in ZDF diabetic rats. Conclusion Our study supports the hypothesis that treatment with heat-killed S. thermophilus could effectively improve glycemic parameters in T2D model rats. In addition, the potential mechanisms underlying the protection maybe include changing the composition of gut microbiota, reinforcing the intestinal epithelial barrier and the immunity of the intestinal mucosa, decreasing the level of inflammation, and then reducing the insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Jinlida Granules Improve Dysfunction of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis in Diabetic Rats Induced by STZ

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Wang ◽  
Xianliang Dai ◽  
Danfeng Zhang ◽  
Zhimin Liu ◽  
Qin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum T3 ◽  
Hpt Axis

Objective. We aim to explore the effects and mechanisms of Jinlida granules on the dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. Methods. A total of 48 SD rats were randomized into normal control group (NC, n=6) and diabetic group (n=42). Rats in diabetic group were randomly divided into diabetes mellitus (DM) control group, low, medium, and high doses of Jinlida group (JL, JM, and JH), medium dose of Jinlida plus Tongxinluo group (JM + T), metformin group (Met), and Saxagliptin group (Sax) (n=6 in each group). Diabetic rats were obtained by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and sacrificed at 8 weeks to examine the function of HPT axis. Results. Levels of fasting blood glucose (P<0.05), pIκB, TNFα (P<0.05), pNF-κB, and IL-6 (P<0.01) in liver tissue and TSHR mRNA expression (P<0.01) in diabetic group were significantly increased, while levels of serum T3 and T4, thyroid hormone receptor (TR) mRNA and Dio1 mRNA in liver tissue, and sodium iodide symporter (NIS) mRNA in thyroid tissue in diabetic group were significantly decreased compared with those in NC group (P<0.01). Among diabetic groups, level of fasting blood glucose in JH, JM + T and Met group was lower (P<0.05) compared with DM group. However, levels of serum T3 and T4, TR mRNA in liver tissue, TSHR, and NIS mRNA in thyroid tissue in JH, JM + T, Met, and Sax group were significantly increased (P<0.01) compared to DM group. In contrast, levels of Dio1 mRNA, pI-κB in Met and JM + T groups, pNF-κB in JH, JM + T, and Met group, and TNFα and IL-6 in JM, JH, JM + T, and Met group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). HE staining showed reduced thyroid follicular epithelium and follicular area, as well as increased colloid area in DM group, indicating impaired synthesis, reabsorption, and secretory of TH in diabetes, which was significantly improved in JH, JM + T, and Met groups. Conclusion. HPT axis dysfunction in DM could be significantly improved by Jinlida granules. The mechanism might be associated with the anti-inflammatory effects involving NF-κB pathway. Our findings suggested the potential benefit of Jinlida granules for patients with HPT axis dysfunction and DM, which was to be verified by more experimental and clinical studies.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and antioxidative activities of ethanol seed extract of Hunteria umbellate (Hallier F.) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubanke O. Ogunlana ◽  
Babatunde O. Adetuyi ◽  
Miracle Rotimi ◽  
lohor Esalomi ◽  
Alaba Adeyemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Group 5

Abstract Background Diabetes, a global cause of mortality in developing countries is a chronic disorder affecting the metabolism of macromolecules and has been attributed to the defective production and action of insulin characterized by persistent hyperglycemic properties. This global disorder harms organs of the body such as the liver, kidney and spleen. Medicinal plants such as Hunteria umbellate have been shown to possess hypoglycemic, antioxidative and anti-diabetic properties owing to the high concentration of active phytochemical constituents like flavonoids and alkaloids. The present study seeks to evaluate the hypoglycemic activities of ethanolic seed extract of Hunteria umbellate on streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Methods Thirty (30) female experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups with six rats per group and were administered streptozotocin (STZ) and Hunteria umbellate as follows. Group 1 served as control and was given only distilled water, group 2 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ; Group 3 was administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 100 mg/kg metformin; group 4 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 800 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate, group 5 rats 60 mg/kg STZ and 400 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate. The fasting blood glucose level of each rat was measured before sacrifice. Rats were then sacrificed 24 h after the last dose of treatment. Results The results showed that Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in fasting blood glucose and increase in body and organs weight of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced decrease in antioxidant enzyme in liver, kidney and spleen of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in oxidative stress markers in liver, kidney and spleen of rats. Conclusion Collectively, our results provide convincing information that inhibition of oxidative stress and regulation of blood glucose level are major mechanisms through which Hunteria umbellate protects against streptozotocin-induced diabketes rats.

Sequoyitol ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in diabetic rats induced with a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Wei Li ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Wei Hao ◽  
Jie-Ren Yang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat

Sequoyitol decreases blood glucose, improves glucose intolerance, and enhances insulin signaling in ob/ob mice. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sequoyitol on diabetic nephropathy in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the mechanism of action. Diabetic rats, induced with a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin, and were administered sequoyitol (12.5, 25.0, and 50.0 mg·(kg body mass)−1·d−1) for 6 weeks. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (SCr) were measured. The expression levels of p22phox, p47phox, NF-κB, and TGF-β1 were measured using immunohistochemisty, real-time PCR, and (or) Western blot. The total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also determined. The results showed that sequoyitol significantly decreased FBG, BUN, and SCr levels, and increased the insulin levels in diabetic rats. The level of T-AOC was significantly increased, while ROS and MDA levels and the expression of p22phox, p47phox, NF-κB, and TGF-β1 were decreased with sequoyitol treatment both in vivo and in vitro. These results suggested that sequoyitol ameliorates the progression of diabetic nephropathy in rats, as induced by a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin, through its glucose-lowering effects, antioxidant activity, and regulation of TGF-β1 expression.

scholarly journals ARISTOLOCHIA BRACTEOLATA – ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY IN DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED DIABETIC RAT MODEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Ganga Rajum ◽  
Hema Sundar Reddy T ◽  
Hema Sundar Reddy T
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Antihyperlipidemic Activity ◽  
Aristolochia Bracteolata

  Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of methanolic extract of Aristolochia bracteolata (MEAB) against dexamethasone-induced diabetic rat model.Methods: Methanolic extract was prepared by soxhlet extraction and was evaluated for antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activity using dexamethasone-induced model. The MEAB was administered orally at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight glibenclamide was used as standard drug. On 0th and 11th day, blood was collected by retro-orbit plexus.Results: In this model blood glucose levels were determined on 0th and 11th days and MEAB significantly reduced the blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. The effect of MEAB on serum lipid profile such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very LDL (VLDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was also measured on the 11th day in the diabetic rats. Significant reduction in TC, TGs, LDL, and VLDL levels and improvement in HDL level were observed in diabetic rats.Conclusion: From the results, it was found that the MEAB possess antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities.

scholarly journals Vanadyl Sulfate Treatment Stimulates Proliferation and Regeneration of Beta Cells in Pancreatic Islets

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Missaoui ◽  
Khémais Ben Rhouma ◽  
Mohamed-Tahar Yacoubi ◽  
Mohsen Sakly ◽  
Olfa Tebourbi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

We examined the effects of vanadium sulfate (VOSO4) treatment at 5 and 10 mg/kg for 30 days on endocrine pancreas activity and histology in nondiabetic and STZ-induced diabetic rats. In diabetic group, blood glucose levels significantly increased while insulinemia level markedly decreased. At the end of treatment, VOSO4at a dose of 10 mg/Kg normalized blood glucose level in diabetic group, restored insulinemia, and significantly improved insulin sensitivity. VOSO4also increased in a dose-dependent manner the number of insulin immunopositive beta cells in pancreatic islets of nondiabetic rats. Furthermore, in the STZ-diabetic group, the decrease in the number of insulin immunopositive beta cells was corrected to reach the control level mainly with the higher dose of vanadium. Therefore, VOSO4treatment normalized plasma glucose and insulin levels and improved insulin sensitivity in STZ-experimental diabetes and induced beta cells proliferation and/or regeneration in normal or diabetic rats.

scholarly journals The Effects of Almonds on Gut Microbiota, Glycometabolism, and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3377
Author(s):  
Omorogieva Ojo ◽  
Xiao-Hua Wang ◽  
Osarhumwese Osaretin Ojo ◽  
Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose

The use of nutritional interventions for managing diabetes is one of the effective strategies aimed at reducing the global prevalence of the condition, which is on the rise. Almonds are the most consumed tree nut and they are known to be rich sources of protein, monounsaturated fatty acids, essential minerals, and dietary fibre. Therefore, the aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of almonds on gut microbiota, glycometabolism, and inflammatory parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). EBSCOhost, which encompasses the Health Sciences Research Databases; Google Scholar; EMBASE; and the reference lists of articles were searched based on population, intervention, control, outcome, and study (PICOS) framework. Searches were carried out from database inception until 1 August 2021 based on medical subject headings (MesH) and synonyms. The meta-analysis was carried out with the Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 software. Results: Nine randomised studies were included in the systematic review and eight were used for the meta-analysis. The results would suggest that almond-based diets have significant effects in promoting the growth of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing gut microbiota. Furthermore, the meta-analysis showed that almond-based diets were effective in significantly lowering (p < 0.05) glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and body mass index (BMI) in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it was also found that the effects of almonds were not significant (p > 0.05) in relation to fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and Tumour necrosis factor α, TNF-α), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA–IR), and fasting insulin. The biological mechanisms responsible for the outcomes observed in this review in relation to reduction in HbA1c and BMI may be based on the nutrient composition of almonds and the biological effects, including the high fibre content and the low glycaemic index profile. Conclusion: The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis have shown that almond-based diets may be effective in promoting short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and lowering glycated haemoglobin and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with control. However, the effects of almonds were not significant (p > 0.05) with respect to fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and TNF-α), GLP-1, HOMA–IR, and fasting insulin.

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